R.S.C., 1985, c. C-34 Current to May 28, 2024 CONSOLIDATION CODIFICATION
An Act to provide for the general regulation of trade and commerce in respect of conspiracies, trade practices and mergers affecting competition An Act to provide for the general regulation of trade and commerce in respect of conspiracies, trade practices and mergers affecting competition OFFICIAL STATUS OF CONSOLIDATIONS LAYOUT NOTE CARACTÈRE OFFICIEL DES CODIFICATIONS Les paragraphes 31(1) et (2) de la *Loi sur la révision et la codification des textes législatifs*, en vigueur le 1er juin 2009, prévoient ce qui suit : Codifications comme élément de preuve 31 (1) Tout exemplaire d’une loi codifiée ou d’un règlement codifié, publié par le ministre en vertu de la présente loi sur support papier ou sur support électronique, fait foi de cette loi ou de ce règlement et de son contenu. Tout exemplaire donné comme publié par le ministre est réputé avoir été ainsi publié, sauf preuve contraire. Incompatibilité — lois (2) Les dispositions de la loi d’origine avec ses modifications subséquentes par le greffier des Parlements en vertu de la *Loi sur la publication des lois* l’emportent sur les dispositions incompatibles de la loi codifiée publiée par le ministre en vertu de la présente loi. MISE EN PAGE Les notes apparaissant auparavant dans les marges de droite ou de gauche se retrouvent maintenant en caractères gras juste au-dessus de la disposition à laquelle elles se rattachent. Elles ne font pas partie du texte, n’y figurant qu’à titre de repère ou d’information. NOTE Cette codification est à jour au 28 mai 2024. Les dernières modifications sont entrées en vigueur le 15 décembre 2023. Toutes modifications qui n’étaient pas en vigueur au 28 mai 2024 sont énoncées à la fin de ce document sous le titre « Modifications non en vigueur ».
Purpose and Interpretation Purpose 1.1 Purpose of Act 4 Collective bargaining activities 5 Underwriters 7 Commissioner of Competition 8 Deputy Commissioners 9 Application for inquiry 10 Inquiry by Commissioner 11 Order for oral examination, production or written return 12 Witness competent and compellable 13 Presiding officer 14 Administration of oaths 14.1 Application of Criminal Code — preservation demand and orders for preservation or production of data 15 Warrant for entry of premises 16 Operation of computer system 17 Presentation of or report on record or thing seized Competition 18 Commissioner to take reasonable care 20 Inspection of records and things 24 Regulations 26 Remuneration of temporary staff 27 Authority of technical or special assistants 28 Minister may require interim report 29 Confidentiality 29.1 Communication to Minister of Transport 29.2 Communication to Minister of Finance Functions of the Minister of Justice 30.01 Agreements respecting mutual legal assistance Publication of Agreements 30.02 Publication in Canada Gazette Requests Made to Canada from Abroad Search and Seizure 30.04 Application of sections 15, 16 and 19 30.06 Warrant for entry of premises 30.09 Terms and conditions Evidence for Use Abroad 30.14 Terms and conditions Concurrence 30.15 Approval of request to obtain evidence by video link, etc. 30.16 Order for video link, etc. 30.17 Other laws to apply Lending Exhibits 30.19 Approval of loan request 30.2 Making of loan order 30.21 Variation of loan order 30.24 Appeal on question of law Evidence Obtained by Canada from Abroad 30.27 Foreign things General 30.29 Confidentiality of foreign requests and evidence 30.291 Records or other things already in Commissioner's possession 30.3 Preservation of informal arrangements 31 Reduction or removal of customs duties 32 Powers of Federal Court where certain rights used to restrain trade 34 Prohibition orders Offences in Relation to Competition 45 Conspiracies, agreements or arrangements between competitors 45.1 Where application made under section 76, 79, 90.1 or 92 46 Foreign directives 48 Conspiracy relating to professional sport 49 Agreements or arrangements of federal financial institutions 52 False or misleading representations 53 Deceptive notice of winning a prize 60 Defence 62 Civil rights not affected Other Offences Offences 65.2 Refusal after objection overruled 66 Contravention of order under Part VII.1 or VIII 66.1 Whistleblowing 66.2 Prohibition 67 Procedure for enforcing punishment 68 Venue of prosecutions 70 Admissibility of statistics 71 Statistics collected by sampling methods Jurisdiction of Federal Court Deceptive Marketing Practices 74.01 Misrepresentations to public 74.02 Representation as to reasonable test and publication of testimonials 74.03 Representations accompanying products 74.05 Sale above advertised price 74.08 Civil rights not affected Administrative Remedies 74.09 Definition of court 74.1 Determination of reviewable conduct and judicial order 74.101 Deduction from administrative monetary penalty 74.11 Temporary order 74.12 Consent agreement 74.13 Rescission or variation of consent agreement or order 74.15 Unpaid monetary penalty 74.16 Where proceedings commenced under section 52 or 52.01 74.18 Appeal to Federal Court of Appeal 74.19 Appeal on question of fact Matters Reviewable by Tribunal Restrictive Trade Practices Exclusive Dealing, Tied Selling and Market Restriction 78 Definition of anti-competitive act 79 Prohibition if abuse of dominant position 79.1 Unpaid monetary penalty 80 Definition of delivered pricing Foreign Judgments and Laws 82 Foreign judgments, etc. 83 Foreign laws and directives Foreign Suppliers 84 Refusal to supply by foreign supplier Specialization Agreements 86 Order directing registration 87 Registration of modifications 88 Right of intervention 89 Register of specialization agreements 90 Non-application of sections 45, 77 and 90.1 Agreements or Arrangements that Prevent or Lessen Competition Substantially 90.1 Order 92 Order 93 Factors to be considered regarding prevention or lessening of competition Competition 95 Exception for joint ventures 98 Where proceedings commenced under section 45, 49, 79 or 90.1 100 Interim order where no application under section 92 101 Right of intervention 102 Advance ruling certificates 103 No application under section 92 General 103.1 Leave to make application under section 75, 76, 77 or 79 103.2 Intervention by Commissioner 103.3 Interim order 104 Interim order 105 Consent agreement 106 Rescission or variation of consent agreement or order 106.1 Consent agreement — parties to a private action 109 General limit relating to parties 112 Combinations that are joint ventures General Concurrence 101 Intervention Competition Anti-avoidance Notice and Information 114 Notice of proposed transaction 115 Prior notice of acquisitions 116 If information cannot be supplied 119 Where transaction not completed Completion of Proposed Transactions 123 Time when transaction may not proceed Regulations 124 Regulations General 124.1 Application for written opinion 124.2 Reference if parties agree Representations to Boards, Commissions or Other Tribunals 125 Representations to federal boards, etc. 126 Representations to provincial boards, etc. 127 Annual report Regulations 128 Regulations TABLE OF PROVISIONS Short Title 1 Short title PART I Interpretation 2 Definitions 2.1 Binding on agents of Her Majesty in certain cases 3 Defects of form 6 Amateur sport PART II Administration 10.1 Market or industry inquiry TABLE OF PROVISIONS 19 Claim to solicitor-client privilege (section 11) 21 Counsel 22 Discontinuance of inquiry 23 Reference to Attorney General of Canada 25 Staff PART III Mutual Legal Assistance Interpretation 30 Definitions Requests 30.03 Requests 30.05 Approval of request for search and seizure 30.07 Report 30.08 Sending abroad 30.1 Approval of request to obtain evidence 30.11 Evidence-gathering order 30.12 Report 30.13 Sending abroad TABLE ANALYTIQUE 18 Commissaire : soin des objets emportés 19 Secret professionnel : article 11 20 Examen des documents et autres choses 21 Avocat 22 Discontinuation de l’enquête 23 Cas soumis au procureur général du Canada 24 Règlements 25 Personnel 26 Rémunération du personnel temporaire 27 Autorité des adjoints techniques ou spéciaux 28 Le ministre peut requérir un rapport provisoire 29 Confidentialité 29.1 Communication au ministre des Transports 29.2 Communication au ministre des Finances
Purpose and Interpretation Purpose Purpose of Act
Entraide juridique Définitions 30 Définitions Rôle du ministre de la Justice
Publication des accords
article means real and personal property of every description including (b) deeds and instruments relating to or evidencing the title or right to property or an interest, immediate, contingent or otherwise, in a corporation or in any assets of a corporation, (c) deeds and instruments giving a right to recover or receive property, (e) energy, however generated; (article) business includes the business of (a) manufacturing, producing, transporting, acquiring, supplying, storing and otherwise dealing in articles, and (b) acquiring, supplying and otherwise dealing in services. It also includes the raising of funds for charitable or other non-profit purposes. (entreprise) Commissioner means the Commissioner of Competition appointed under subsection 7(1); (commissaire) computer system has the same meaning as in subsection 342.1(2) of the Criminal Code; (ordinateur) data means representations, including signs, signals or symbols, that are capable of being understood by an individual or processed by a computer system or other device; (données) entity means a corporation or a partnership, sole proprietorship, trust or other unincorporated organization capable of conducting business; (entité) information includes data; (renseignement) locator means a name or information used to identify a source of data on a computer system, and includes a URL; (localisateur) Minister means the Minister of Industry; (ministre) record means a medium on which information is registered or marked; (document) service means a service of any description whether industrial, trade, professional or otherwise; (service) supply means, (a) in relation to an article, sell, rent, lease or otherwise dispose of an article or an interest therein or a right thereto, or offer so to dispose of an article or interest therein or a right thereto, and (b) in relation to a service, sell, rent or otherwise provide a service or offer so to provide a service; (fournir ou approvisionner) trade, industry or profession includes any class, division or branch of a trade, industry or profession; (commerce, industrie ou profession) Tribunal means the Competition Tribunal established by subsection 3(1) of the Competition Tribunal Act. (Tribunal)
Demandes présentées par un État étranger Demandes
For the purposes of this Act, (a) one entity is affiliated with another entity if one of them is the subsidiary of the other or both are subsidiaries of the same entity or each of them is controlled by the same entity or individual; (b) if two entities are affiliated with the same entity at the same time, they are deemed to be affiliated with each other; and (c) an individual is affiliated with an entity if the individual controls the entity.
Perquisitions et saisies
For the purposes of this Act, an entity is a subsidiary of another entity if it is controlled by that other entity.
For the purposes of this Act, (a) a corporation is controlled by an entity or an individual other than Her Majesty if (i) securities of the corporation to which are attached more than 50% of the votes that may be cast to elect directors of the corporation are held, directly or indirectly, whether through one or more subsidiaries or otherwise, otherwise than by way of security only, by or for the benefit of that entity or individual, and (ii) the votes attached to those securities are sufficient, if exercised, to elect a majority of the directors of the corporation; (b) a corporation is controlled by Her Majesty in right of Canada or a province if (i) the corporation is controlled by Her Majesty in the manner described in paragraph (a), or (ii) in the case of a corporation without share capital, a majority of the directors of the corporation, other than ex officio directors, are appointed by (A) the Governor in Council or the Lieutenant Governor in Council of the province, as the case may be, or (B) a Minister of the government of Canada or the province, as the case may be; and (c) an entity other than a corporation is controlled by an entity or individual if the entity or individual, directly or indirectly, whether through one or more subsidiaries or otherwise, holds an interest in the entity that is not a corporation that entitles them to receive more than 50% of the profits of that entity or more than 50% of its assets on dissolution.
Collective bargaining activities
(a) combinations or activities of workmen or employees for their own reasonable protection as such workmen or employees; (b) contracts, agreements or arrangements between or among fishermen or associations of fishermen and persons or associations of persons engaged in the buying or processing of fish relating to the prices, remuneration or other like conditions under which fish will be caught and supplied to those persons by fishermen; or (c) contracts, agreements or arrangements between or among two or more employers in a trade, industry or profession, whether effected directly between or among the employers or through the instrumentality of a corporation or association of which the employers are members, pertaining to collective bargaining with their employees in respect of salary or wages and terms or conditions of employment.
Nothing in this section exempts from the application of any provision of this Act a contract, agreement or arrangement entered into by an employer to withhold any product from any person, or to refrain from acquiring from any person any product other than the services of workmen or employees. Underwriters
Éléments de preuve destinés à l’étranger
Definition of underwriting
For the purposes of this section, underwriting of a security means the primary or secondary distribution of the security, in respect of which distribution (a) a prospectus is required to be filed, accepted or otherwise approved pursuant to a law enacted in Canada or a jurisdiction outside Canada for the supervision or regulation of trade in securities; or (b) a prospectus would be required to be filed, accepted or otherwise approved but for an express exemption contained in or given pursuant to a law mentioned in paragraph (a).
For the purposes of this section, amateur sport means sport in which the participants receive no remuneration for their services as participants. Commissioner of Competition
(a) the administration and enforcement of this Act; and (b) the administration and enforcement of the Consumer Packaging and Labelling Act, the Precious Metals Marking Act and the Textile Labelling Act.
The Commissioner shall, before taking up the duties of the Commissioner, take and subscribe, before the Clerk of the Privy Council, an oath or solemn affirmation, which shall be filed in the office of the Clerk, in the following form: I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully, truly and impartially, and to the best of my judgment, skill and ability, execute the powers and trusts reposed in me as Commissioner of Competition. (In the case where an oath is taken add “So help me God”.)
The Commissioner shall be paid such salary as may be from time to time fixed and allowed by the Governor in Council. Deputy Commissioners
Powers of Deputy
Appeal
The Governor in Council may authorize a Deputy Commissioner to exercise the powers and perform the duties of the Commissioner whenever the Commissioner is absent or unable to act or whenever there is a vacancy in the office of the Commissioner. Powers of other persons
The Governor in Council may authorize any person to exercise the powers and perform the duties of the Commissioner whenever the Commissioner and the Deputy Commissioners are absent or unable to act or, if one or Inquiry by Deputy
The Commissioner may authorize a Deputy Commissioner to make inquiry regarding any matter into which the Commissioner has power to inquire, and when so authorized a Deputy Commissioner shall perform the duties and may exercise the powers of the Commissioner in respect of that matter. Powers of Commissioner unaffected
PART IV Special Remedies 33 Interim injunction 35 Court may require returns 36 Recovery of damages PART V [Repealed, R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 29] PART VI 47 Definition of bid-rigging
The exercise, pursuant to this Act, of any of the powers or the performance of any of the duties of the Commissioner by a Deputy Commissioner or other person does not in any way limit, restrict or qualify the powers or duties of the Commissioner, either generally or with respect to any particular matter. Application for inquiry
(a) a person has contravened an order made pursuant to section 32, 33 or 34, or Part VII.1 or VIII, (b) grounds exist for the making of an order under Part VII.1 or VIII, or (c) an offence under Part VI or VII has been or is about to be committed, may apply to the Commissioner for an inquiry into the matter. Material to be submitted
An application made under subsection (1) shall be accompanied by a statement in the form of a solemn or statutory declaration showing (a) the names and addresses of the applicants, and at their election the name and address of any one of their number, or of any attorney, solicitor or counsel, whom they may, for the purpose of receiving any communication to be made pursuant to this Act, have authorized to represent them; (i) the alleged contravention, (ii) the grounds alleged to exist for the making of an order, or (iii) the alleged offence, (iii) the alleged offence and the names of the persons believed to be concerned therein and privy thereto; and (c) a concise statement of the evidence supporting their opinion. Inquiry by Commissioner (a) on application made under section 9, (b) whenever the Commissioner has reason to believe that (i) a person has contravened an order made pursuant to section 32, 33 or 34, or Part VII.1 or Part VIII, (ii) grounds exist for the making of an order under Part VII.1 or Part VIII, or (iii) an offence under Part VI or VII has been or is about to be committed, or (c) whenever directed by the Minister to inquire whether any of the circumstances described in subparagraphs (b)(i) to (iii) exists, cause an inquiry to be made into all such matters as the Commissioner considers necessary to inquire into with the view of determining the facts.
54 Double ticketing 55 Definition of multi-level marketing plan
The Commissioner shall, on the written request of any person whose conduct is being inquired into under this Act or any person who applies for an inquiry under section 9, inform that person or cause that person to be informed as to the progress of the inquiry. Inquiries to be in private
PART VII 64 Obstruction 65 Contravention of Part II provisions
All inquiries under this section shall be conducted in private. Market or industry inquiry
Procedure 69 Definitions 72 Notice PART VII.1 Reviewable Matters
The Minister may direct the Commissioner to conduct an inquiry into the state of competition in a market or industry if the Minister is of the opinion that it is in the public interest that such an inquiry be conducted. Before making the direction, the Minister must consult the Commissioner to determine whether the inquiry would be feasible, including with regard to its cost. Proposed terms of reference
If, after the consultation referred to in subsection (1) or (2), it is decided to proceed with the inquiry, the Commissioner must prepare proposed terms of reference for the inquiry and publish them on a publicly available website and invite the public to provide comments during a period of not less than 15 days.
After having taken into account any comments received from the public, the Commissioner must submit to the Minister for approval the Commissioner’s final terms of reference and, if they are approved, the Commissioner must publish them on a publicly available website.
The inquiry commences on the day on which the final terms of reference are published and the Commissioner must complete the inquiry and publish a report of the Commissioner’s findings on a publicly available website before the expiry of the period specified by the Minister, which period, subject to subsection (6), is not to exceed 18 months.
Before the report is published, the Commissioner must send to every person who was required to do anything under an order made under subsection 11(1) a complete or partial draft of the report and inform the person that they may, within three working days after the day on which it was sent, provide the Commissioner with the person’s concerns regarding factual inaccuracies or confidential information that should not be disclosed in the final report. Order for oral examination, production or written return
a superior or county court is satisfied by information on oath or solemn affirmation that an inquiry is being made under section 10 or 10.1 and that a person has or is likely to have information that is relevant to the inquiry, the judge may order the person to (a) attend as specified in the order and be examined on oath or solemn affirmation by the Commissioner or the authorized representative of the Commissioner on any matter that is relevant to the inquiry before a person, in this section and sections 12 to 14 referred to as a “presiding officer”, designated in the order; (b) produce to the Commissioner or the authorized representative of the Commissioner within a time and at a place specified in the order, a record, a copy of a record certified by affidavit to be a true copy, or any other thing, specified in the order; or (c) make and deliver to the Commissioner or the authorized representative of the Commissioner, within a time specified in the order, a written return under oath or solemn affirmation showing in detail such information as is by the order required. Records or information in possession of affiliate
Rules of Procedure
If the person against whom an order is sought under paragraph (1)(b) or (c) in relation to an inquiry is a corporation and the judge to whom the application is made under subsection (1) is satisfied by information on oath or solemn affirmation that an affiliate of the corporation, whether the affiliate is located in Canada or outside Canada, has or is likely to have records or information relevant to the inquiry, the judge may order the corporation to (b) make and deliver a written return of the information. No person excused from complying with order
Appeals PART VIII Refusal to Deal 75 Jurisdiction of Tribunal where refusal to deal Price Maintenance 76 Price maintenance 77 Definitions Abuse of Dominant Position Delivered Pricing 81 Delivered pricing 85 Definitions Mergers 91 Definition of merger 94 Exception TABLE OF PROVISIONS 97 Limitation period 99 Conditional orders directing dissolution of a merger 107 Evidence PART IX Notifiable Transactions Interpretation 108 Definitions Application 110 Application of Part Exemptions Acquisition of Voting Shares, Assets or Interests 111 Acquisitions Combinations 113 General exemptions TABLE ANALYTIQUE 95 Exceptions pour les entreprises à risques partagés 97 Prescription 98 Procédures en vertu des articles 45, 49, 79 ou 90.1 99 Ordonnances conditionnelles de dissolution de fusionnements 100 Ordonnance provisoire en l’absence d’une demande en vertu de l’article 92 102 Certificats de décision préalable 103 Nulle présentation de demande en vertu de l’article 92 Dispositions générales
No person shall be excused from complying with an order under subsection (1) or (2) on the ground that the testimony, record or other thing or return required of the person may tend to incriminate the person or subject the person to any proceeding or penalty, but no testimony given by an individual pursuant to an order made under paragraph (1)(a), or return made by an individual pursuant to an order made under paragraph (1)(c), shall be used or received against that individual in any criminal proceedings thereafter instituted against him, other than a prosecution under section 132 or 136 of the Criminal Code. Effect of order
An order made under this section has effect anywhere in Canada. Person outside Canada
An order may be made under subsection (1) against a person outside Canada who carries on business in Canada or sells products into Canada. Witness competent and compellable
104 Ordonnance provisoire 105 Consentement 106 Annulation ou modification du consentement ou de l’ordonnance
107 Preuve
Every person summoned to attend pursuant to paragraph 11(1)(a) is entitled to the like fees and allowances for so doing as if summoned to attend before a superior court of the province in which the person is summoned to attend. Representation by counsel
Transactions devant faire l’objet d’un avis Définitions 108 Définitions Application 109 Limite générale applicable aux parties à une transaction 110 Application de la présente partie Exceptions Acquisition d’actions comportant droit de vote, d’éléments d’actif ou de titres de participation 111 Acquisitions Association d’intérêts 112 Associations d’intérêts : entreprises à risques partagés Dispositions générales 113 Exceptions d’application générale TABLE OF PROVISIONS
A presiding officer shall permit a person who is being examined pursuant to an order under paragraph 11(1)(a) and any person whose conduct is being inquired into to be represented by counsel. Attendance of person whose conduct is being inquired into
117 Saving 118 Information to be certified
Any person whose conduct is being inquired into at an examination pursuant to an order under paragraph 11(1)(a) and that person’s counsel are entitled to attend the examination unless the Commissioner or the authorized representative of the Commissioner, or the person being examined or his employer, establishes to the satisfaction of the presiding officer that the presence of the person whose conduct is being inquired into would (b) result in the disclosure of confidential commercial information that relates to the business of the person being examined or his employer. Presiding officer
PART X Commissioner’s Opinions References to Tribunal Report to Parliament TABLE ANALYTIQUE Anti-évitement
Remuneration and expenses
Avis et renseignements 114 Avis relatifs aux transactions proposées 115 Avis d’acquisition antérieure 116 Cas où les renseignements ne peuvent être fournis 117 Exclusion 118 Attestation des renseignements 119 Cas où la transaction n’est pas réalisée Parachèvement des transactions proposées 123 Suspension de la transaction
A presiding officer shall be paid such remuneration, and is entitled to be paid such travel and living expenses, and such other expenses, incurred in the performance of his duties under this Act, as may be fixed by the Governor in Council. Administration of oaths
Règlements 124 Règlements
Orders of presiding officer
Dispositions générales Avis du commissaire
A presiding officer may make such orders as he considers to be proper for the conduct of an examination pursuant to paragraph 11(1)(a). Application to court
Renvois
A judge of a superior or county court may, on application by a presiding officer, order any person to comply with an order made by the presiding officer under subsection (2).
Observations aux offices fédéraux, commissions et autres tribunaux 125 Observations aux offices fédéraux etc. 126 Observations aux offices provinciaux Rapport au Parlement 127 Rapport annuel Règlements 128 Règlements Short Title Short title R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 1; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 19. PART I R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 19. Interpretation Definitions (a) money,
No order may be made under subsection (3) unless the presiding officer has given to the person in respect of whom the order is sought and the Commissioner twenty-four hours notice of the hearing of the application for the order or such shorter notice as the judge to whom the application is made considers reasonable. Application of Criminal Code — preservation demand and orders for preservation or production of data
R.C., 1985, ch. C-34 Loi portant réglementation générale du commerce en matière de complots, de pratiques commerciales et de fusions qui touchent à la concurrence
investigation of offences under any Act of Parliament, also apply, with any modifications that the circumstances require, (a) to an investigation in relation to a contravention of an order made under section 32, 33 or 34 or Part VII.1 or VIII; or (b) to an investigation in relation to whether grounds exist for the making of an order under Part VII.1 or VIII. Clarification
The provisions of the Criminal Code referred to in subsection (1) apply whether or not an inquiry has been commenced under section 10. Warrant for entry of premises
1 Loi sur la concurrence.
(a) that there are reasonable grounds to believe that (i) a person has contravened an order made pursuant to section 32, 33 or 34, or Part VII.1 or VIII, (ii) grounds exist for the making of an order under Part VII.1 or VIII, or (iii) an offence under Part VI or VII has been or is about to be committed, and (b) that there are reasonable grounds to believe that there is, on any premises, any record or other thing that will afford evidence with respect to the circumstances referred to in subparagraph (a)(i), (ii) or (iii), as the case may be, the judge may issue a warrant under his hand authorizing the Commissioner or any other person named in the warrant to (c) enter the premises, subject to such conditions as may be specified in the warrant, and
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 1; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 19.
A warrant issued under this section shall identify the matter in respect of which it is issued, the premises to be searched and the record or other thing, or the class of records or other things, to be searched for. Execution of search warrant
Objet et définitions Objet Objet
A warrant issued under this section shall be executed between six o’clock in the forenoon and nine o’clock in the afternoon, unless the judge issuing it, by the warrant, authorizes execution of it at another time.
A warrant issued under this section may be executed anywhere in Canada. Duty of persons in control of premises
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 19. Définitions Définitions 2 (1) Les définitions qui suivent s’appliquent à la présente loi.
Every person who is in possession or control of any premises or record or other thing in respect of which a warrant is issued under subsection (1) shall, on presentation of the warrant, permit the Commissioner or other person named in the warrant to enter the premises, search the premises and examine the record or other thing and to copy it or seize it. Where admission or access refused
a) l’argent, (d) tickets or like evidence of right to be in attendance at a particular place at a particular time or times or of a right to transportation, and Commission [Repealed, R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 20] Director [Repealed, 1999, c. 2, s. 1] electronic message means a message sent by any means of telecommunication, including a text, sound, voice or image message; (message électronique) merger [Repealed, R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 20] a) de l’argent; b) des titres et actes concernant ou constatant un droit de propriété ou autre droit relatif à des biens ou un intérêt, actuel, éventuel ou autre, dans une personne morale ou dans des éléments de l’actif d’une personne morale; c) des titres et actes donnant le droit de recouvrer ou de recevoir des biens; d) des billets ou pièces de même genre attestant le droit d’être présent en un lieu donné à un ou certains moments donnés ou des titres de transport; e) de l’énergie, quelle que soit la façon dont elle est produite. (article) commerce, industrie ou profession Y est assimilée toute catégorie, division ou branche d’un commerce, d’une industrie ou d’une profession. (trade, industry or profession) commissaire Le commissaire de la concurrence nommé en vertu du paragraphe 7(1). (Commissioner) Commission [Abrogée, L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 20] directeur [Abrogé, 1999, ch. 2, art. 1] document Tout support sur lequel sont enregistrés ou inscrits des renseignements. (record) données Représentations, notamment signes, signaux ou symboles, qui peuvent être comprises par une personne physique ou traitées par un ordinateur ou un autre dispositif. (data) entité Personne morale ou société de personnes, entreprise individuelle, fiducie ou autre organisation non constituée en personne morale qui est en mesure d’exploiter une entreprise. (entity) entreprise Sont comprises parmi les entreprises les entreprises : a) de fabrication, de production, de transport, d’acquisition, de fourniture, d’emmagasinage et de tout autre commerce portant sur des articles; b) d’acquisition, de prestation de services et de tout autre commerce portant sur des services. Est également comprise parmi les entreprises la collecte de fonds à des fins de charité ou à d’autres fins non lucratives. (business) monopoly [Repealed, R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 20] product includes an article and a service; (produit) sender information means the part of an electronic message — including the data relating to source, routing, addressing or signalling — that identifies or purports to identify the sender or the origin of the message; (renseignements sur l’expéditeur) subject matter information means the part of an electronic message that purports to summarize the contents of the message or to give an indication of them; (objet) Affiliation fournir ou approvisionner a) Relativement à un article, vendre, louer ou donner à bail l’article, ou un intérêt ou droit y afférent, ou en disposer d’une autre façon ou offrir d’en disposer ainsi; b) relativement à un service, vendre, louer ou autrement fournir un service ou offrir de le faire. (supply) fusion [Abrogée, L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 20] localisateur Toute chaîne de caractères normalisés ou tout renseignement servant à identifier une source de données dans un ordinateur, notamment l’adresse URL. (locator) message électronique Message envoyé par tout moyen de télécommunication, notamment un message alphabétique, sonore, vocal ou image. (electronic message) ministre Le ministre de l’Industrie. (Minister) monopole [Abrogé, L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 20] objet Partie du message électronique qui contient des renseignements censés résumer le contenu du message ou donner une indication à l’égard de ce contenu. (subject matter information) ordinateur S’entend au sens du paragraphe 342.1(2) du Code criminel. (computer system) produit Sont assimilés à un produit un article et un service. (product) renseignement S’entend notamment de données. (information) renseignements sur l’expéditeur Partie du message électronique, notamment les données relatives à la source, au routage, à l’adresse ou à la signalisation, qui contient ou qui est censée contenir l’identité de l’expéditeur ou l’origine du message. (sender information) service Service industriel, commercial, professionnel ou autre. (service) Tribunal Le Tribunal de la concurrence, constitué en application du paragraphe 3(1) de la Loi sur le Tribunal de la concurrence. (Tribunal) Affiliation
Where the Commissioner or any other person, in executing a warrant issued under subsection (1), is refused access to any premises, record or other thing or where the Commissioner believes on reasonable grounds that access will be refused, the judge who issued the warrant or a judge of the same court, on the ex parte application of the Commissioner, may by order direct a peace officer to take such steps as the judge considers necessary to give the Commissioner or other person access.
Pour l’application de la présente loi : Subsidiary entity Control R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 2; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 20; 1992, c. 1, s. 145(F); 1995, c. 1, s. 62; 1999, c. 2, s. 1; S.C. 2010, c. 23, s. 70; 2014, c. 31, ss. 28, 46; 2018, c. 8, s. 109. Binding on agents of Her Majesty in certain cases R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 21. Defects of form R.S., c. C-23, s. 3. B) soit un ministre du gouvernement du Canada ou de la province, selon le cas; c) contrôle une entité autre qu’une personne morale l’entité ou la personne physique qui détient dans cette entité — directement ou indirectement, notamment par l’intermédiaire d’une ou de plusieurs filiales — des titres de participation lui donnant droit de recevoir plus de cinquante pour cent des bénéfices de cette entité ou plus de cinquante pour cent des éléments d’actif de celle-ci au moment de sa dissolution.
The Commissioner or the authorized representative of the Commissioner may exercise any of the powers set out in paragraph (1)(c) or (d) without a warrant if the conditions set out in paragraphs (1)(a) and (b) exist but by reason of exigent circumstances it would not be practical to obtain the warrant.
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 2; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 20; 1992, ch. 1, art. 145(F); 1995, ch. 1, art. 62; 1999, ch. 2, art. 1; S.C. 2010, ch. 23, art. 70; 2014, ch. 31, art. 28 et 46; 2018, ch. 8, art. 109. Obligations des mandataires de Sa Majesté
For the purposes of subsection (7), exigent circumstances include circumstances in which the delay necessary to obtain a warrant under subsection (1) would result in the loss or destruction of evidence. Operation of computer system
Duty of person in control of computer system
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 21. Vice de forme 3 Nulle procédure engagée sous le régime de la présente loi n’est réputée invalide à cause d’un vice de forme ou d’une irrégularité technique. S.R., ch. C-23, art. 3. Activités relatives aux négociations collectives 4 (1) La présente loi ne s’applique pas : a) aux coalitions d’ouvriers ou d’employés, formées en vue de leur assurer une protection professionnelle convenable, ni à leurs activités à cette fin; b) aux contrats, accords ou arrangements que des pêcheurs, ou leurs associations, concluent avec des personnes, ou leurs associations, qui achètent ou traitent du poisson, relativement aux prix, rémunération ou autres régissant la prise par ces pêcheurs du poisson destiné à approvisionner ces personnes; c) aux contrats, accords ou arrangements que concluent deux employeurs au moins, appartenant à un secteur commercial, industriel ou professionnel, directement entre eux ou par l’intermédiaire d’une personne morale ou d’une association dont ils font partie, au sujet des négociations collectives portant sur les traitements, salaires et conditions d’emploi de leurs employés. Limitation R.S., c. C-23, s. 4; 1974-75-76, c. 76, s. 2.
Every person who is in possession or control of any premises in respect of which a warrant is issued under subsection 15(1) shall, on presentation of the warrant, permit any person named in the warrant to use or cause to be used any computer system or part thereof on the premises to search any data contained in or available to the computer system for data from which a record that that person is authorized to search for may be produced, to obtain a physical copy thereof and to seize it. Order restricting operation of computer system
R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 5; 1999, c. 2, s. 2; 2009, c. 2, s. 408. Amateur sport Definition of amateur sport 1974-75-76, c. 76, s. 2. PART II Administration (c) [Repealed, 2012, c. 24, s. 79] Oath of office Salary R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 7; 1999, c. 2, s. 4; 37, 2012, c. 24, s. 79. R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 8; 1999, c. 2, s. 5. (b) the nature of R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 9; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 22; 1999, c. 2, ss. 6, 37. 10 (1) The Commissioner shall Information on inquiry R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 10; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 23; 1999, c. 2, ss. 7, 37, c. 31, s. 45. et les noms des personnes qu’on croit y être intéressées et complices; c) un résumé des éléments de preuve à l’appui de leur opinion.
A judge who issued a warrant under subsection 15(1) or a judge of the same court may, on application by the Commissioner or any person who is in possession or control of a computer system or a part thereof on any premises in respect of which the warrant was issued, make an order (a) specifying the individuals who may operate the computer system and fixing the times when they may do so; and (b) setting out any other terms and conditions on which the computer system may be operated. Notice by person in possession or control
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 9; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 22; 1999, ch. 2, art. 6 et 37. Enquête par le commissaire 10 (1) Le commissaire fait étudier, dans l’un ou l’autre des cas suivants, toutes questions qui, d’après lui, nécessitent une enquête en vue de déterminer les faits : a) sur demande faite en vertu de l’article 9; b) chaque fois qu’il a des raisons de croire : (i) soit qu’une personne a contrevenu à une ordonnance rendue en application des articles 32, 33 ou 34, ou des parties VII.1 ou VIII, (ii) soit qu’il existe des motifs justifiant une ordonnance en vertu des parties VII.1 ou VIII, (iii) soit qu’une infraction visée à la partie VI ou VII a été perpétrée ou est sur le point de l’être; c) chaque fois que le ministre lui ordonne de déterminer au moyen d’une enquête si l’un des faits visés aux sous-alinéas b)(i) à (iii) existe. Renseignements concernant les enquêtes
No order may be made under subsection (3) on application by a person who is in possession or control of a computer system or part thereof unless that person has given the Commissioner twenty-four hours notice of the hearing of the application or such shorter notice as the judge considers reasonable. Notice by Commissioner
À la demande écrite d’une personne dont les activités font l’objet d’une enquête en application de la présente loi ou d’une personne qui a demandé une enquête conformément à l’article 9, le commissaire instruit ou fait instruire cette personne de l’état du déroulement de l’enquête. Enquêtes en privé
No order may be made under subsection (3) on application by the Commissioner after a search has begun of the premises in respect of which the order is sought unless the Commissioner has given the person who is in possession or control of the premises twenty-four hours notice of the hearing of the application or such shorter notice as the judge considers reasonable. Presentation of or report on record or thing seized
Les enquêtes visées au présent article sont conduites en privé.
(a) take the record or other thing before the judge who issued the warrant or a judge of the same court or, if no warrant was issued, before a judge of a superior or county court; or (b) make a report in respect of the record or other thing to a judge determined in accordance with paragraph (a).
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 10; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 23; 1999, ch. 2, art. 7 et 37, ch. 31, art. 45. Enquête sur un marché ou une industrie
A report to a judge under paragraph (1)(b) in respect of a record or other thing shall include (a) a statement as to whether the record or other thing was seized pursuant to paragraph 15(1)(d), subsection 15(7) or section 16; (d) the location in which it is detained.
Direction to conduct inquiry Final terms of reference Duration of inquiry Extension
Where a record or other thing is seized pursuant to section 15 or 16, the judge before whom it is taken to or whom a report is made in respect of it pursuant to this section may, if he is satisfied that the record or other thing is required for an inquiry or any proceeding under this Act, authorize the Commissioner to retain it. Commissioner to take reasonable care
The Minister may extend the specified period for periods of up to three months. Sending draft to certain persons 2023, c. 31, s. 3. Ordre de mener une enquête
(1.1) The Commissioner need not return any copy of a record produced under section 11 or obtained under section 15 or 16.
Le ministre peut ordonner au commissaire d’examiner, au moyen d’une enquête, l’état de concurrence dans un marché ou une industrie, s’il estime qu’il serait dans l’intérêt public de le faire. Avant d’ordonner l’enquête, le ministre consulte le commissaire afin de vérifier si elle est réalisable, notamment au regard des coûts qu’elle entraînerait. Projet de mandat
The person by whom a record or other thing is produced pursuant to section 11 or from whom a record or other thing is seized pursuant to section 15 or 16 is entitled, at any reasonable time and subject to such reasonable conditions as may be imposed by the Commissioner, to inspect the record or other thing. Copy of record where returned
Si, après la consultation visée aux paragraphes (1) ou (2), il est décidé que l’enquête sera menée, le commissaire élabore un projet de mandat pour la conduite de l’enquête, le publie sur un site Web accessible au public et invite les membres du public à présenter leurs observations dans un délai d’au moins quinze jours. Mandat final
The Commissioner may, before returning any record produced pursuant to section 11 or seized pursuant to section 15 or 16, make or cause to be made, and may retain, a copy thereof.
Après avoir tenu compte des observations du public, le commissaire soumet au ministre le mandat final pour approbation et, s’il est approuvé, le publie sur un site Web accessible au public. Début de l’enquête
Any record or other thing that is produced pursuant to section 11, or the retention of which is authorized under subsection 17(3), shall be returned to the person by whom it was produced or the person from whom it was seized not later than sixty days after it was produced or its retention was authorized, unless, before the expiration of that period, (a) the person by whom it was produced or from whom it was seized agrees to its further detention for a specified period of time; (b) the judge who authorized its production or retention or a judge of the same court is satisfied on application that, having regard to the circumstances, its further detention for a specified period of time is warranted and the judge so orders; or (c) proceedings are instituted in which the record or thing may be required.
L’enquête débute à la date de la publication visée au paragraphe (4) et le commissaire dispose du délai spécifié par le ministre, lequel ne peut, sous réserve du paragraphe (6), excéder dix-huit mois, pour mener son enquête et publier un rapport de ses conclusions sur un site Web accessible au public. Prolongation
Le ministre peut prolonger le délai spécifié pour des périodes maximales de trois mois. Envoi d’une ébauche à certaines personnes
Where, pursuant to section 15 or 16, any person is about to examine, copy or seize or is in the course of examining, copying or seizing any record and a person appearing to be in authority claims that there exists a solicitor-client privilege in respect thereof, the first-mentioned person, unless the person claiming the privilege withdraws the claim or the first-mentioned person desists from examining and copying the record and from seizing it or a copy thereof, shall, without examining or further examining it or making a copy or further copy thereof, place it and any copies of it made by him, and any notes taken in respect of it, in a package, and seal and identify the package and place it in the custody of a person referred to in subsection (3).
Avant la publication du rapport, le commissaire envoie à toute personne visée par une ordonnance rendue au titre du paragraphe 11(1) une ébauche — complète ou non — du rapport et l’informe qu’elle peut, dans les trois jours ouvrables après la date d’envoi pour lui faire part de ses préoccupations concernant des inexactitudes factuelles ou des renseignements confidentiels qui ne devraient pas être divulgués dans le rapport final. 2023, ch. 31, art. 3. Ordonnance exigeant une déposition orale ou une déclaration écrite 11 (1) Sur demande ex parte du commissaire ou de son représentant autorisé, un juge d’une cour supérieure ou (a) produce the records; or R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 11; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 24; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2002, c. 8, s. 126; c. 16, s. 1; 2022, c. 10, s. 256; 2023, c. 31, s. 4. Fees (a) be prejudicial to the effective conduct of the examination or the inquiry; or R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 12; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 24; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. ou admis contre celui-ci dans le cadre de poursuites criminelles intentées contre lui par la suite sauf en ce qui concerne une poursuite prévue à l’article 132 ou 136 du Code criminel. Effet de l’ordonnance
A record in respect of which a solicitor-client privilege is claimed under subsection (1) or (2) shall be placed in the custody of (a) the registrar, prothonotary or other like officer of a superior or county court in the province in which the record was ordered to be produced or in which it was found, or the Federal Court; (b) a sheriff of the district or county in which the record was ordered to be produced or in which it was found; or (c) some person agreed on between the Commissioner or the authorized representative of the Commissioner and the person who makes the claim of privilege.
Une ordonnance rendue en application du présent article a effet partout au Canada. Personne hors du Canada
A judge of a superior or county court in the province in which a record placed in custody under this section was ordered to be produced or in which it was found, or of the Federal Court, sitting in camera, may decide the question of solicitor-client privilege in relation to the record on application made in accordance with the rules of the court by the Commissioner or the owner of the record or the person in whose possession it was found within thirty days after the day on which the record was placed in custody if notice of the application has been given by the applicant to all other persons entitled to make application.
Une ordonnance peut être rendue en vertu du paragraphe (1) contre une personne hors du Canada qui exploite une entreprise au Canada ou qui vend des produits en direction du Canada.
Where no application is made in accordance with subsection (4) within thirty days after the day on which a record is placed in custody under this section, any judge referred to in subsection (4) shall, on ex parte application by or on behalf of the Commissioner, order the record to be delivered to the Commissioner. Authority of judge
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 11; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 24; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37; 2002, ch. 8, art. 126; ch. 16, art. 1; 2022, ch. 10, art. 256; 2023, ch. 31, art. 4. Personnes habiles à rendre témoignage 12 (1) Toute personne assignée sous le régime de l’alinéa 11(1)a) est habile à agir comme témoin et peut être contrainte à rendre témoignage. Honoraires
A judge referred to in subsection (4) may give any directions that the judge deems necessary to give effect to this section, may order delivery up to the judge out of custody of any record in respect of which he is asked to decide a question of solicitor-client privilege and may inspect any such record. Prohibition
Toute personne assignée aux fins de l’alinéa 11(1)a) a droit aux mêmes honoraires et indemnités que si elle avait été assignée à comparaître devant une cour supérieure de la province où elle doit comparaître aux termes de l’assignation. Représentation par avocat
Any person who is about to examine, copy or seize any record pursuant to section 15 or 16 shall not do so without affording a reasonable opportunity for a claim of solicitor-client privilege to be made under this section. Access to record in custody
Un fonctionnaire d’instruction doit permettre que soit représentée par avocat toute personne interrogée aux termes d’une ordonnance rendue en application de l’alinéa 11(1)a) de même que toute personne dont la conduite fait l’objet d’une enquête. Présence de la personne dont la conduite fait l’objet d’une enquête lors des interrogatoires
At any time while a record is in custody under this section, a judge of a superior or county court in the province in which the record is in custody, or of the Federal Court, may, on an ex parte application of a person claiming solicitor-client privilege under this section, authorize that person to examine the record or make a copy of it in the presence of the person who has custody of it or the judge, but any such authorization shall contain provisions to ensure that the record is repackaged and that the package is resealed without alteration or damage. Inspection of records and things
La personne dont la conduite fait l’objet d’une enquête lors d’un interrogatoire prévu à l’alinéa 11(1)a) et son avocat peuvent assister à cet interrogatoire à moins que le commissaire, le représentant autorisé du commissaire, la personne interrogée ou l’employeur de cette dernière ne convainque le fonctionnaire d’instruction que la présence de la personne dont la conduite fait l’objet d’une enquête : a) entraverait le bon déroulement de l’interrogatoire ou de l’enquête; b) entraînerait la divulgation de renseignements commerciaux confidentiels se rapportant à l’entreprise de la personne interrogée ou de son employeur.
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 12; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 24; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37. R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 13; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 24. Notice R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 14; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 24; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2002, c. 8, s. 127. b) entraînerait la divulgation de renseignements de nature commerciale confidentiels se rapportant à l’entreprise de la personne interrogée ou de son employeur.
Copies of any records referred to in subsection (1), made by any process of reproduction, on proof orally or by affidavit that they are true copies, are admissible in evidence in any proceedings under this Act and have the same probative force as the original.
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 12; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 24; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37. Fonctionnaire d’instruction 13 (1) Peut être nommé fonctionnaire d’instruction quiconque est membre en règle du barreau d’une province depuis au moins dix ans ou l’a été pendant au moins dix ans. Rémunération et frais de déplacement
Where proof referred to in subsection (2) is offered by affidavit, it is not necessary to prove the signature or official character of the deponent, if that information is set out in the affidavit, or to prove the signature or official character of the person before whom the affidavit was sworn.
Les fonctionnaires d’instruction reçoivent la rémunération que fixe le gouverneur en conseil et ils sont, également selon ce que fixe ce dernier, indemnisés des frais, notamment de séjour et de déplacement, qu’ils engagent dans l’exercice des fonctions qui leur sont confiées en application de la présente loi.
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 13; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 24. Prestation des serments 14 (1) Le fonctionnaire d’instruction peut recevoir les serments et les affirmations solennelles dans le cadre des interrogatoires visés à l’alinéa 11(1)a). Ordonnances des fonctionnaires d’instruction
Un fonctionnaire d’instruction peut rendre toutes les ordonnances qu’il juge utiles pour la conduite des interrogatoires prévus à l’alinéa 11(1)a). Demande à la cour
The Commissioner shall, on discontinuing an inquiry, make a report in writing to the Minister showing the information obtained and the reason for discontinuing the inquiry.
Un juge d’une cour supérieure ou d’une cour de comté peut, à la demande d’un fonctionnaire d’instruction, ordonner à toute personne de se conformer à une ordonnance rendue par le fonctionnaire d’instruction en application du paragraphe (2). Avis
Where an inquiry made on application under section 9 is discontinued, the Commissioner shall inform the applicants of the decision and give the grounds therefor. Review of decision
Une ordonnance ne peut pas être rendue en application du paragraphe (3) à moins que le fonctionnaire d’instruction n’ait donné à la personne à l’égard de laquelle l’ordonnance est demandée et au commissaire un avis de vingt-quatre heures de l’audition de la demande, soit un avis plus bref jugé raisonnable par le juge à qui la demande est faite.
The Minister may, on the written request of applicants under section 9 or on the Minister’s own motion, review any decision of the Commissioner to discontinue an inquiry under section 10, and may, if in the Minister’s opinion the circumstances warrant, instruct the Commissioner to make further inquiries.
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 14; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 24; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37; 2002, ch. 8, art. 127. Application du Code criminel : ordres de préservation et ordonnances de communication
Prosecution by Attorney General of Canada
2014, c. 31, s. 28. (d) search the premises for any such record or other thing and copy it or seize it for examination or copying. relative à une infraction à une loi fédérale, s’appliquent aussi, avec les adaptations nécessaires, à l’une ou l’autre des enquêtes suivantes : a) celle relative à la contravention à une ordonnance rendue en vertu des articles 32, 33 ou 34 ou des parties VII.1 ou VIII; b) celle relative à l’existence de motifs justifiant que soit rendue une ordonnance en vertu des parties VII.1 ou VIII. Précision
The Attorney General of Canada may institute and conduct any prosecution or other criminal proceedings under this Act, and for those purposes may exercise all the powers and perform all the duties and functions conferred by the Criminal Code on the attorney general of a province. Regulations
Les dispositions du Code criminel s’appliquent que l’enquête visée à l’article 10 ait commencé ou non. 2014, ch. 31, art. 28. Mandat de perquisition 15 (1) À la demande ex parte du commissaire ou de son représentant autorisé et si, d’après une dénonciation faite sous serment ou affirmation solennelle, un juge d’une cour supérieure ou d’une cour de comté est convaincu : a) qu’il existe des motifs raisonnables de croire : (i) soit qu’une personne a contrevenu à une ordonnance rendue en application des articles 32, 33 ou 34, ou des parties VII.1 ou VIII, (ii) soit qu’il y a des motifs justifiant que soit rendue une ordonnance aux termes des parties VII.1 ou VIII, (iii) soit qu’une infraction prévue à la partie VI ou VII a été perpétrée ou est sur le point de l’être; b) qu’il y a des motifs raisonnables de croire qu’il existe, en un local quelconque, un document ou une autre chose qui fournira une preuve en ce qui concerne les circonstances visées aux sous-alinéas a)(i), (ii) ou (iii), selon le cas, celui-ci peut délivrer sous son seing un mandat autorisant le commissaire ou toute autre personne qui y est nommée à : c) pénétrer dans le local, sous réserve des conditions que peut fixer le mandat; d) perquisitionner dans le local en vue soit d’obtenir ce document ou cette autre chose et d’en prendre copie, soit de l’emporter pour en faire l’examen ou en prendre des copies. Contents of warrant Idem Where warrant not necessary Contenu du mandat
Publication of proposed regulations
Un mandat délivré en application du présent article fait état de l’affaire à l’égard de laquelle il est délivré et il indique les locaux qui doivent faire l’objet de la perquisition de même que le document, la chose ou la catégorie de documents ou de choses qui doit faire l’objet d’une recherche. Exécution du mandat
Subject to subsection (3), a copy of each regulation that the Governor in Council proposes to make under subsection (1) shall be published in the Canada Gazette at least sixty days before the proposed effective date thereof and a reasonable opportunity shall be afforded to interested persons to make representations with respect thereto. interested persons to make representations with respect thereto.
Un mandat délivré en application du présent article ne peut être exécuté qu’entre six heures du matin et neuf heures du soir à moins que, aux termes de ce mandat, le juge qui le délivre en autorise l’exécution à un autre moment. Idem
No proposed regulation need be published under subsection (2) if it has previously been published pursuant to that subsection, whether or not it has been amended as a result of representations made pursuant to that subsection.
Un mandat délivré en application du présent article peut être exécuté partout au Canada. Devoir de la personne ayant la charge du local
Remuneration of temporary staff
Quiconque est en possession ou a le contrôle d’un local, d’un document ou d’une autre chose visé par un mandat délivré aux termes du paragraphe (1) doit, sur présentation de ce mandat, permettre au commissaire ou à toute autre personne mentionnée dans le mandat de pénétrer dans ce local, d’y perquisitionner, d’y examiner le document ou la chose, d’en prendre copie ou de l’emporter. Entrée ou accès refusés
Remuneration and expenses payable out of appropriations
Lorsque, dans le cadre de l’exécution d’un mandat délivré aux termes du paragraphe (1), le commissaire ou toute autre personne se voit refuser l’accès à un local, à un document ou à une autre chose, ou encore lorsque le commissaire a des motifs raisonnables de croire que l’accès en question lui sera refusé, le juge qui a délivré le mandat ou un juge de la même cour peut, sur demande ex parte du commissaire, ordonner à un agent de la paix de prendre les mesures que ce juge estime nécessaires pour donner au commissaire ou à cette autre personne l’accès en question. Perquisition sans mandat
The remuneration and expenses of the Commissioner and of the temporary, technical and special assistants employed by the Commissioner, and of any counsel instructed under this Act, shall be paid out of money appropriated by Parliament to defray the cost of administering this Act. Public Service Employment Act applies
Le commissaire ou son représentant autorisé peut exercer sans mandat les pouvoirs visés à l’alinéa (1)c) ou d) lorsque l’urgence de la situation rend difficilement réalisable l’obtention du mandat, sous réserve que les conditions visées aux alinéas (1)a) et b) soient réunies. Exigent circumstances R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 15; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 24; 1999, c. 2, s. 8; 37, 2002, c. 8, s. 128.
Subject to this section and section 7, the Public Service Employment Act and other Acts relating to the public service, in so far as applicable, apply to the Commissioner and to all other persons employed under this Act. Authority of technical or special assistants
[Repealed, 2010, c. 23, s. 71] Report (b) a description of the premises searched; (c) a description of the record or other thing seized; and ---
any of the powers and perform any of the duties of the Commissioner under this Act with respect to any particular inquiry, as may be directed by the Commissioner. Minister may require interim report
Avis du commissaire
Confidentiality
Une ordonnance ne peut être rendue à la demande du commissaire en application du paragraphe (3) une fois la perquisition commencée que si le commissaire a donné à la personne qui a le contrôle ou qui est en possession du local qui fait l’objet de la demande d’ordonnance un avis de vingt-quatre heures de l’audition de la demande ou tel autre avis plus bref que le juge estime raisonnable.
(a) the identity of any person from whom information was obtained pursuant to this Act; (b) any information obtained pursuant to section 11, 15, 16 or 114; (b.1) any information obtained under any of sections 53.71 to 53.81 of the Canada Transportation Act; (c) whether notice has been given or information supplied in respect of a particular proposed transaction under section 114;
[Abrogé, 2010, ch. 23, art. 71] Rapport concernant le document ou la chose saisie 17 (1) Lorsqu’un document ou une autre chose est emporté en application de l’alinéa 15(1)d), du paragraphe 15(7) ou de l’article 16, le commissaire ou son représentant autorisé doit, dès que possible : a) produire ce document ou cette autre chose devant le juge qui a délivré le mandat ou devant un juge de la même cour, soit encore, dans les cas où aucun mandat n’a été délivré, devant un juge d’une cour supérieure ou d’une cour de comté; b) faire rapport, concernant ce document ou cette autre chose, à un juge désigné selon les critères prévus à l’alinéa a). Rapport
This section does not apply in respect of any information that has been made public or any information the communication of which was authorized by the person who provided the information. Communication to Minister of Transport
Un rapport à un juge en application de l’alinéa (1)b) concernant un document ou une autre chose doit inclure : a) une déclaration précisant si le document ou cette autre chose a été emporté en application de l’alinéa 15(1)d), du paragraphe 15(7) ou de l’article 16; b) une description du local ayant fait l’objet de la perquisition; c) une description du document ou de l’autre chose emporté; d) une description de l’endroit où ce document ou cette autre chose est gardé. Retention or return of thing seized R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 17; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 24; 1999, c. 2, s. 37, c. 31, s. 46(F); 2002, c. 8, s. 129. Certified copies Access to records or things Detention of things seized Rétention et remise des documents ou choses emportés
Dans les cas où un document ou une autre chose est emporté en application de l’article 15 ou 16, le juge à qui, conformément au présent article, cette chose ou ce document est produit ou à qui un rapport est fait à l’égard de cette chose ou de ce document peut, s’il est convaincu de sa nécessité aux fins d’une enquête ou de procédures en application de la présente loi, autoriser le commissaire à retenir le document ou la chose en question.
The information that may be communicated under this section is (a) the identity of any person from whom information was obtained under this Act; (c) any information obtained under section 11, 15, 16 or 114; (c.1) any information obtained under any of sections 53.71 to 53.81 of the Canada Transportation Act; (e) whether notice has been given or information supplied in respect of a particular proposed transaction under section 114; and (f) any information collected, received or generated by or on behalf of the Commissioner, including compilations and analyses.
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 17; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 24; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37, ch. 31, art. 46(F); 2002, ch. 8, art. 129. Commissaire : soin des objets emportés 18 (1) Dans les cas où un document ou autre chose est produit en application de l’article 11, soit emporté en application de l’article 15 ou 16, le commissaire prend, dans la mesure de ce qui est raisonnable, tous les soins qui assurent que le document ou l’autre chose sera conservé jusqu’à sa remise à la personne qui l’a produit ou de qui on l’a pris, ou encore jusqu’à ce que sa production soit nécessaire dans une procédure en conformité avec la présente loi. Copies certifiées conformes (1.1) Le commissaire n’est pas tenu de retourner les copies qui ont été produites en conformité avec l’article 11 ou obtenues conformément aux articles 15 ou 16. Accès aux documents
Requests under this section must be in writing and must (b) state that the Minister of Transport requires the information for the purposes of section 53.1 or 53.2 or any of sections 53.71 to 53.81 of the Canada Transportation Act and identify the transaction being considered under that section. Restriction
La personne qui produit un document ou une autre chose en application de l’article 11 ou de qui une chose ou un document est pris en application de l’article 15 ou 16 est autorisée à inspecter le document ou cette autre chose à toute heure convenable et aux conditions raisonnables que peut fixer le commissaire. Remise de documents et copies
The information communicated under subsection (1) may be used only for the purposes of section 53.1 or 53.2 or any of sections 53.71 to 53.81, as the case may be, of the Canada Transportation Act. Confidentiality
Le commissaire peut, avant de remettre un document produit en application de l’article 11 ou emporté conformément à l’article 15 ou 16, prendre ou faire prendre des copies de ce document. Rétention des objets saisis
No person who performs or has performed duties or functions in the administration or enforcement of the Canada Transportation Act shall communicate or allow to be communicated to any other person any information communicated under subsection (1), except to persons who perform duties or functions under section 53.1 or 53.2 or any of sections 53.71 to 53.81 of that Act. Communication to Minister of Finance
Lorsqu’une chose ou un document est produit en application de l’article 11 ou retenu en application du paragraphe 17(3), ce document ou cette chose doit, au plus tard soixante jours suivant sa production ou l’autorisation de sa rétention, être remis à la personne qui l’a produit ou de qui on l’a pris, à moins que, avant l’expiration de ce délai : R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 18; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 24; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2002, c. 16, s. 2; 2017, c. 26, s. 12. Claim to solicitor-client privilege (section 11) Claim to solicitor-client privilege (section 15 or 16) Custody of record Determination of claim to privilege Idem b) soit d’un shérif du district ou du comté où le document doit être produit, selon l’ordonnance rendue à son égard, ou de celui où il a été trouvé; c) soit d’une personne choisie d’un commun accord entre le commissaire ou son représentant autorisé et la personne qui invoque le droit au secret professionnel liant l’avocat à son client. Détermination du caractère confidentiel
Un juge d’une cour supérieure ou d’une cour de comté dans la province où le document placé sous garde en vertu du présent article doit être produit selon l’ordonnance rendue à son égard ou dans celui où il a été trouvé, ou encore un juge de la Cour fédérale, siégeant à huis clos, peut, en ce qui concerne ce document, trancher la question de la protection du secret professionnel liant l’avocat à son client sur demande présentée conformément aux règles de la cour par le commissaire, le propriétaire du document ou la personne qui l’avait en sa possession lorsqu’il a été trouvé, pourvu que la demande soit faite dans les trente jours suivant la date de sa mise sous garde et qu’un avis de cette demande ait été donné préalablement à toutes les personnes qui ont qualité pour présenter une telle demande. Idem
The information that may be communicated under this section is (a) the identity of any person from whom information was obtained under this Act; (c) any information obtained under section 11, 15, 16 or 114; (e) whether notice has been given or information supplied in respect of a particular proposed transaction under section 114; and (f) any information collected, received or generated by or on behalf of the Commissioner, including compilations and analyses.
À défaut d’une demande en application du paragraphe (4) dans les trente jours suivant celui où un document est mis sous garde en vertu du présent article, un juge visé au paragraphe (4) doit, à la demande ex parte du commissaire ou pour son compte, ordonner la remise du document au commissaire. Pouvoirs du juge
Requests under this section must be in writing and must (b) state that the Minister of Finance requires the information (i) to consider a merger or proposed merger under the Bank Act, the Cooperative Credit Associations Act, the Insurance Companies Act or the Trust and Loan Companies Act, or (ii) to permit the Minister of Finance to determine whether he or she should provide the Commissioner with a certificate described in paragraph 94(b) in respect of such a merger or proposed merger; (c) identify the merger or proposed merger. Restriction
Le juge visé au paragraphe (4) peut prendre toute mesure qu’il estime nécessaire pour donner effet au présent article, faire remettre le document placé sous garde à l’égard duquel on lui demande de trancher la question du secret professionnel liant l’avocat à son client et examiner ce document. Interdiction
The information communicated under subsection (1) may be used only for the purpose of making a decision in respect of the merger or proposed merger. Confidentiality
Personne ne peut, agissant aux termes de l’article 15 ou 16, examiner un document, en prendre copie ou l’emporter sans au préalable donner aux intéressés la possibilité de formuler une objection fondée sur le secret professionnel liant l’avocat à son client conformément au présent article. Autorisation de faire des copies
No person who performs or has performed duties or functions, in the administration or enforcement of the Bank Act, the Cooperative Credit Associations Act, the Insurance Companies Act or the Trust and Loan Companies Act shall communicate or allow to be communicated to any other person any information communicated under subsection (1), except to other persons who perform those duties or functions.
En tout temps, lorsqu’un document est placé sous garde en application du présent article, un juge d’une cour supérieure ou d’une cour de comté dans la province R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 19; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 24; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. Copies Proof R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 20; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 24; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2010, c. 23, s. 72. Counsel R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 21; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 24; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2023, c. 31, s. 5. Discontinuance of inquiry où est gardé le document, ou encore un juge de la Cour fédérale, peut, à la demande ex parte d’une personne qui réclame le bénéfice du secret professionnel liant l’avocat à son client en conformité avec le présent article, autoriser cette personne à examiner le document ou à en prendre une copie en présence de la personne qui en a la garde ou du juge; cependant une telle autorisation doit contenir les dispositions nécessaires pour que le document soit remballé et le paquet scellé à nouveau sans modification ni dommage.
agreement means a treaty, convention or other international agreement to which Canada is a party that provides for mutual legal assistance in competition matters, other than a matter in respect of which the Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Act applies. (accord) conduct means conduct or matters within the meaning of the relevant agreement in respect of which mutual legal assistance may be requested in accordance with this Part. (comportement) judge means (a) in Ontario, a judge of the Superior Court of Justice; (b) in Quebec, a judge of the Superior Court; (c) in Nova Scotia, British Columbia, Prince Edward Island, Yukon and the Northwest Territories, a judge of the Supreme Court, and in Nunavut, a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice; (e) in Newfoundland and Labrador, a judge of the Trial Division of the Supreme Court; and (f) in any province or territory, a judge of the Federal Court. (juge) Functions of the Minister of Justice Agreements respecting mutual legal assistance
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 19; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 24; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37. Examen des documents et autres choses 20 (1) Les documents et autres choses que le commissaire a reçus ou obtenus peuvent être examinés par ce dernier ou par les personnes qu’il désigne à cette fin. Copies
(a) the laws of the foreign state that address conduct that is similar to conduct prohibited or reviewable under this Act are, in his or her opinion, substantially similar to the relevant provisions of this Act, regardless of whether the conduct is dealt with criminally or otherwise; (b) any record or thing provided by Canada under the agreement will be protected by laws respecting confidentiality that are, in his or her opinion, substantially similar to Canadian laws; (c) the agreement contains provisions in respect of (i) the circumstances in which Canada may refuse, in whole or in part, to approve a request, and (ii) the confidentiality protections that will be afforded to any record or thing provided by Canada; (c.1) The agreement contains one of the following undertakings by the foreign state: (i) that any record or thing provided by Canada will be used only for the purpose for which it was requested, or (ii) that any record or thing provided by Canada will be used only for the purpose for which it was requested or for the purpose of making a request under any Act of Parliament or under any treaty, convention or other international agreement to which Canada and the foreign state are parties that provides for mutual legal assistance in civil or criminal matters; (d) the agreement also contains the following undertakings by the foreign state, namely, (i) that it will provide assistance to Canada comparable in scope to that provided by Canada, (iii) that any record or thing provided by Canada will be used subject to any terms and conditions on which it was provided, including conditions respecting applicable rights or privileges under Canadian law, (iv) that, at the conclusion of the investigation or proceedings in respect of which any record or thing was provided by Canada, the foreign state will return the record or thing and any copies to Canada or, with the consent of Canada, return the record or thing to Canada and destroy any copies, (v) subject to paragraph (c.1), that it will, to the greatest extent possible consistent with its laws, keep confidential any record or thing obtained by it pursuant to its request, and oppose any application by a third party for disclosure of the record or thing, and (vi) that it will promptly notify the Minister of Justice in the event that the confidentiality protections contained in the agreement have been breached; and (e) the agreement contains a provision in respect of the manner in which it may be terminated. Publication of Agreements Publication in Canada Gazette
Les copies d’un document visé au paragraphe (1) obtenues au moyen de tout procédé de reproduction sont, lorsqu’il est établi — oralement ou au moyen d’un affidavit qu’il s’agit de copies conformes, admissibles en preuve dans toute procédure prévue par la présente loi et leur force probante est la même que celle des documents originaux. Preuve
Publication in Canada Treaty Series
Lorsque la preuve visée au paragraphe (2) est faite au moyen d’un affidavit, il n’est pas nécessaire de prouver l’authenticité de la signature ou la qualité officielle de la personne qui l’a souscrite si ces renseignements se retrouvent dans l’affidavit ni de prouver l’authenticité de la signature ou la qualité officielle de la personne qui a reçu l’affidavit.
An agreement may be published in the Canada Treaty Series and, if so published, the publication must be no later than 60 days after the agreement comes into force.
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 20; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 24; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37; 2010, ch. 23, art. 72. Avocat 21 Dans les cas où, à son avis, l’intérêt public l’exige, le commissaire peut demander au procureur général du Canada de nommer un avocat et de le charger d’aider dans le cadre d’une enquête visée aux articles 10 ou 10.1 et, alors, le procureur général du Canada peut nommer un avocat et le charger d’aider dans le cadre de cette enquête.
Agreements published in the Canada Gazette or the Canada Treaty Series are to be judicially noticed. Requests Made to Canada from Abroad
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 21; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 24; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37; 2023, ch. 31, art. 5. Discontinuation de l’enquête 22 (1) Le commissaire peut, à toute étape d’une enquête visée à l’article 10, discontinuier l’enquête en question lorsqu’il estime que l’affaire sous étude ne justifie pas la poursuite de l’enquête. Report Notice to applicant R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 22; R.S., 1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.), s. 187, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 24; 1999, c. 2, s. 37, c. 31, s. 47(F). Reference to Attorney General of Canada R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 23; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 24; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. Exception R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 24; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 24. Staff R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 25; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 25; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 26; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 25; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2003, c. 22, s. 225(E). R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 27; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 28; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. (d) any information obtained from a person requesting a certificate under section 102; or (e) any information provided voluntarily pursuant to this Act. Exception R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 29; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 26; 2002, c. 16, s. 21; 2018, c. 10, s. 83. Information (b) any information obtained in the course of an inquiry under section 10 or 10.1; (d) any information obtained from a person requesting a certificate under section 102; Contents of request (a) specify the information referred to in any of paragraphs (2)(a) to (f) that is required; and 2000, c. 15, s. 12; 2007, c. 19, s. 61; 2018, c. 10, s. 84; 2023, c. 31, s. 86. Information (b) any information obtained in the course of an inquiry under section 10 or 10.1; (d) any information obtained from a person requesting a certificate under section 102; Contents of request (a) specify the information referred to in any of paragraphs (2)(a) to (f) that is required; and 2001, c. 9, s. 578; 2023, c. 31, art. 7. PART III Mutual Legal Assistance Interpretation Definitions a) préciser les renseignements, parmi ceux qui sont mentionnés aux alinéas (2)a) à f), dont il a besoin; b) indiquer que les renseignements lui sont nécessaires pour lui permettre de décider, selon le cas : (i) s’il doit approuver une fusion ou un projet de fusion dans le cadre de la Loi sur les banques, de la Loi sur les associations coopératives de crédit, de la Loi sur les sociétés d’assurances ou de la Loi sur les sociétés de fiducie et de prêt, (ii) s’il doit donner le certificat mentionné à l’alinéa 94b) à l’égard d’une telle fusion ou d’un tel projet de fusion; c) préciser la fusion ou le projet de fusion. Restriction quant à l’utilisation
Search and Seizure Application of sections 15, 16 and 19
Les renseignements ne peuvent être utilisés que pour la prise de la décision concernant la fusion ou le projet de fusion. Confidentialité
Il est interdit à quiconque exerce ou a exercé des fonctions dans le cadre de l’application ou du contrôle d’application de la Loi sur les banques, de la Loi sur les associations coopératives de crédit, de la Loi sur les sociétés d’assurances ou de la Loi sur les sociétés de fiducie et de prêt de communiquer ou de permettre que soient communiqués les renseignements communiqués dans le cadre du paragraphe (1), sauf à une autre personne qui exerce de telles fonctions. 2001, ch. 9, art. 578; 2023, ch. 31, art. 7.
Application for search warrant
Entraide juridique Définitions 30 Les définitions qui suivent s’appliquent à la présente partie. accord Tout traité, toute convention ou tout autre accord international auquel le Canada est partie et qui traite de l’entraide juridique en matière de concurrence, sauf en ce qui concerne les questions auxquelles la Loi sur l’entraide juridique en matière criminelle s’applique. (agreement) data [Repealed, 2014, c. 31, s. 32] foreign state means a country other than Canada, and includes any international organization of states. (État étranger) (d) in New Brunswick, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta, a judge of the Court of Queen’s Bench; R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 30; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 26; 2002, c. 7, s. 276(E); c. 8, s. 198; 16, s. 3; 2014, c. 31, s. 32; 2015, c. 3, s. 38. (ii) [Repealed, 2020, c. 1, s. 22] 2002, c. 16, s. 3; 2020, c. 1, s. 22. Judicial notice 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Requests 2002, c. 16, s. 3. 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Approval of request for search and seizure 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Contents of warrant 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Report 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Sending abroad 2002, c. 16, s. 3. 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Approval of request to obtain evidence 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Provisions of order Demande
The Commissioner or the authorized representative of the Commissioner shall apply ex parte for a search warrant to a judge. Warrant for entry of premises
Le commissaire ou son représentant autorisé présente une demande ex parte, en vue de la délivrance d’une ordonnance d’obtention d’éléments de preuve, à un juge. 2002, ch. 16, art. 3. Ordonnance d’obtention d’éléments de preuve
(a) conduct that is the subject of a request made by a foreign state is taking place, has taken place or is about to take place; (b) evidence in respect of the conduct referred to in paragraph (a) will be found in any premises; and (c) it would not, in the circumstances, be appropriate to make an order under subsection 30.11(1). Authorization
a) d’une part, qu’un comportement qui fait l’objet de la demande présentée par l’État étranger a lieu, a eu lieu ou est sur le point d’avoir lieu; b) d’autre part, que des éléments de preuve relatifs au comportement seront trouvés au Canada. Conditions et modalités
A search warrant issued under subsection (1) authorizes the person named in it to enter the premises specified in the warrant, subject to any conditions that may be specified in the warrant, and to search the premises for any record or thing specified in the warrant and to examine and seize it. Hearing re execution
L’ordonnance fixe les modalités d’obtention des éléments de preuve visés afin de donner suite à la demande présentée par l’État étranger; elle peut contenir les dispositions suivantes : a) l’ordre de procéder à l’interrogatoire, sous serment ou d’une autre façon, d’une personne visée et l’ordre à celle-ci de se présenter au lieu que la personne chargée de l’interrogatoire fixe pour celui-ci et de demeurer à disposition ainsi que, s’il y a lieu, l’ordre à la personne visée de faire une copie d’un document ou d’en établir un à partir de données et d’apporter la copie ou le document avec elle, et celui d’apporter avec elle tout document ou autre chose en sa possession ou sous son contrôle afin de les remettre à la personne chargée de l’interrogatoire; b) l’ordre à une personne visée de faire une copie d’un document ou d’en établir un à partir de données et de remettre la copie ou le document à une personne désignée ou celle-ci de remettre à une telle personne tout document ou autre chose en sa possession ou sous son contrôle, ainsi que des indications concernant l’affidavit ou le certificat qui, s’il y a lieu, doit accompagner le document ou l’autre chose, à la demande de l’État étranger; c) la désignation de la personne chargée de l’interrogatoire visé à l’alinéa a) ou de la réception des documents ou autres choses, copies, affidavits et certificats visés à l’alinéa b). Variation Expenses Contents of order 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Report Refusals de l’alinéa (8)a), un exposé détaillé des motifs de refus dont elle entend se prévaloir à l’égard de chacune des questions auxquelles elle refuse de répondre ou de chacun des documents ou autres choses qu’elle refuse de remettre. Frais
A judge who issues a search warrant under subsection (1) shall fix a time and place for a hearing to consider the execution of the warrant as well as the report referred to in section 30.07.
La personne visée par l’ordonnance d’obtention d’éléments de preuve a droit au paiement de ses frais de déplacement et de séjour au même titre qu’un témoin assigné à comparaître devant le juge qui a rendu l’ordonnance. Contenu de l’ordonnance
A search warrant issued under subsection (1) must (a) set out the time and place for the hearing mentioned in subsection (3); (b) state that, at that hearing, an order will be sought for the sending to the foreign state of the records or things seized in execution of the warrant; and (c) state that every person from whom a record or thing is seized in execution of the warrant and any person who claims to have an interest in a record or thing so seized may make representations at the hearing before any order is made concerning the record or thing. Duty of persons in control of premises
L’ordonnance doit mentionner que toute personne visée par elle et toute autre personne prétendant avoir des droits sur les documents ou autres choses remis en vertu de l’ordonnance peuvent présenter des observations dans le cadre du paragraphe 30.13(2) avant qu’une ordonnance ne soit rendue dans le cadre du paragraphe 30.13(1). 2002, ch. 16, art. 3. Rapport
Every person who is in possession or control of any premises, record or thing in respect of which a search warrant is issued under subsection (1) shall, on presentation of the warrant, permit the person named in the warrant to enter the premises, search the premises and examine the record or thing and seize it. Where admission or access refused
a) du procès-verbal de tout interrogatoire fait en conformité avec l’ordonnance; b) d’une description générale de tout document ou de toute autre chose remis en conformité avec l’ordonnance et, si le juge l’exige, du document ou de la chose eux-mêmes; c) le cas échéant, d’une copie de l’exposé des motifs que la personne a eu à présenter en conformité avec le paragraphe 30.11(9). Envoi au ministre de la Justice
Where a person, in executing a search warrant issued under subsection (1), is refused access to any premises, record or thing or where the Commissioner believes on reasonable grounds that access will be refused, the judge who issued the warrant or a judge of the same court, on the ex parte application of the Commissioner or the authorized representative of the Commissioner, may by order direct a peace officer to take any steps that the judge considers necessary to give access to the person named in the warrant.
La personne désignée en conformité avec l’alinéa 30.11(2)c) envoie immédiatement une copie de son rapport d’exécution au ministre de la Justice. Détermination de la validité des refus : droit canadien
Copy to Minister of Justice
Le juge qui reçoit le rapport détermine la validité des motifs de refus fondés sur le droit canadien relatif à la non-divulgation de renseignements ou à l’existence de privilèges; s’il les rejette, il ordonne à la personne visée par l’ordonnance de répondre aux questions auxquelles elle avait refusé de répondre ou de remettre les documents ou autres choses qu’elle avait refusé de remettre. 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Sending abroad (a) the report, any transcript referred to in paragraph 30.12(1)(a) and any record or thing produced; remettre; s’il les accepte, il fait mention de cette décision dans l’ordonnance de transmission qu’il rend en vertu de l’article 30.13. Détermination de la validité des refus : droit étranger
The person who files the report under subsection (1) shall send a copy of it to the Minister of Justice promptly after its filing.
Le juge ajoute à l’ordonnance de transmission qu’il rend en vertu de l’article 30.13 une copie de l’exposé des motifs de refus présentés en conformité avec le paragraphe 30.11(9) et fondés sur une règle de droit en vigueur dans l’État étranger. 2002, ch. 16, art. 3. Transmission
(a) where the judge is not satisfied that the warrant was executed according to its terms and conditions or where the judge is satisfied that an order should not be made under paragraph (b), order that a record or thing seized be returned to (i) the person from whom it was seized, if possession of it by that person is lawful, or (ii) the lawful owner or the person who is lawfully entitled to its possession, if the owner or that person is known and possession of the record or thing by the person from whom it was seized is unlawful; or (b) in any other case, order that a record or thing seized be sent to the foreign state mentioned in subsection 30.05(1) and include in the order any terms and conditions that the judge considers desirable, including terms and conditions (i) necessary to give effect to the request mentioned in that subsection, (ii) in respect of the preservation and return to Canada of any record or thing seized, and (iii) in respect of the protection of the interests of third parties. Requiring record, etc., at hearing
a) du rapport, du procès-verbal visé à l’alinéa 30.12(1)a) et des documents et autres choses remis; b) d’une copie de l’ordonnance visée au paragraphe 30.11(1), accompagnée d’une copie de tout exposé des motifs de refus fondés sur le paragraphe 30.11(9) et sur une règle de droit en vigueur dans l’État étranger; c) de toute décision qui, en vertu du paragraphe 30.12(3), déclare valides les motifs de refus fondés sur une règle de droit en vigueur au Canada. Conditions et modalités
At the hearing mentioned in subsection (1), the judge may require that a record or thing seized be brought before him or her. Terms and conditions
Le juge peut assortir l’ordonnance des conditions et modalités qu’il estime indiquées, après avoir entendu les observations du ministre de la Justice, du commissaire, de la personne qui a remis les documents ou autres choses et de toute autre personne qui prétend avoir des droits sur ceux-ci, notamment en vue : a) de la suite à donner à la demande présentée par l’État étranger; b) de la conservation des documents ou autres choses remis et de leur retour au Canada; c) de la protection des droits des tiers. Poursuite de l’exécution de l’ordonnance
Evidence for Use Abroad
Sauf si une décision a déjà été rendue sur le refus en vertu de l’alinéa 30.11(8)a), l’exécution de l’ordonnance d’obtention d’éléments de preuve peut se poursuivre à l’égard des questions auxquelles la personne visée a 2002, c. 16, s. 3. 2002, c. 16, s. 3. 2002, c. 16, s. 3. refusé de répondre ou des documents ou autres choses qu’elle a refusé de remettre, en raison du droit dans l’État étranger, lorsque les motifs de son refus sont rejetés par un tribunal de cet État ou la personne désignée en l’espèce par celui-ci et que le même État en avise le ministre de la Justice. Permission du juge
Application for order
La personne dont les motifs de refus fondés sur une règle de droit en vigueur au Canada ou dans l’État étranger ont été rejetés, ou dont le refus a fait l’objet d’une décision défavorable aux termes de l’alinéa 30.11(8)a), ne peut refuser de nouveau de répondre aux mêmes questions ou de remettre les documents ou autres choses désignés dans l’ordonnance ou la décision qu’en autant que le juge qui a rendu l’ordonnance ou la décision ou un autre juge du même tribunal l’y autorise. 2002, ch. 16, art. 3. Conditions et modalités
The Commissioner or the authorized representative of the Commissioner shall apply ex parte to a judge for an order for the gathering of evidence. Evidence-gathering order
2002, ch. 16, art. 3. Témoignage à distance
(a) conduct that is the subject of a request made by a foreign state is taking place, has taken place or is about to take place; and (b) there will be found in Canada evidence in respect of the conduct referred to in paragraph (a).
Demande
An order made under subsection (1) must provide for the manner in which the evidence is to be obtained in order to give effect to the request mentioned in subsection 30.1(1) and may (a) order the examination, on oath or otherwise, of a person named in the order, order the person to attend at the place fixed by the person designated under paragraph (c) for the examination and to remain in attendance until he or she is excused by the person so designated, order the person so named, where appropriate, to make a copy of a record or to make a record from data and to bring the copy or record with him or her, and order the person so named to bring with him or her any record or thing in his or her possession or control, in order to produce them to the person before whom the examination takes place; (b) order a person named in the order to make a copy of a record or to make a record from data and to produce the copy or record to the person designated under paragraph (c), order the person to produce any record or thing in his or her possession or control to the person so designated and provide, where appropriate, for any affidavit or certificate that, pursuant to the request, is to accompany any copy, record or thing so produced; and (c) designate a person before whom the examination referred to in paragraph (a) is to take place or to whom the copies, records, things, affidavits and certificates mentioned in paragraph (b) are to be produced. Designation of judge
Le commissaire ou son représentant autorisé présente à un juge une demande ex parte en vue de la délivrance d’une ordonnance pour contraindre la personne visée au paragraphe (1) à déposer. 2002, ch. 16, art. 3. Facteurs à considérer
For greater certainty, a judge who makes an order under subsection (1) may designate himself or herself or another person, including a judge of a Canadian or foreign court, under paragraph (2)(c). Order effective throughout Canada
Provisions of order Variation Expenses 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Refusals 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Arrest warrant Application du droit étranger
An order made under subsection (1) may be executed anywhere in Canada. Terms and conditions of order
Exposé des motifs de refus
An order made under subsection (1) may include any terms or conditions that the judge considers desirable, including those relating to the protection of the interests of a person named in the order and of third parties.
En cas de refus de faire une déclaration ou de produire un élément de preuve qui communiqueraient des renseignements protégés par le droit canadien relatif à la non-divulgation de renseignements ou à l’existence de privilèges, la personne visée par l’ordonnance rendue au titre du paragraphe 30.16(1) présente au juge qui a rendu l’ordonnance, ou à un autre juge du même tribunal, un exposé détaillé des motifs du refus. Détermination de la validité des refus : droit canadien
The judge who made the order under subsection (1) or another judge of the same court may vary its terms and conditions. Other laws to apply
Le juge qui reçoit l’exposé détermine la validité des motifs de refus; s’il les rejette, il ordonne à la personne visée par l’ordonnance de faire la déclaration ou de produire l’élément de preuve. Outrage au tribunal
A person named in an order made under subsection (1) shall answer questions and produce records or things to the person designated under paragraph (2)(c) in accordance with the laws of evidence and procedure in the foreign state that presented the request, but may refuse if answering the questions or producing the records or things would disclose information that is protected by the Canadian law of non-disclosure of information or privilege. Execution of order to be completed
Le droit canadien en matière d’outrage au tribunal s’applique à la personne qui, déposant dans le cadre de l’article 30.16, refuse de répondre à une question ou de produire tout document ou toute autre chose visés dans l’ordonnance du juge. 2002, ch. 16, art. 3. Mandat d’arrestation
If a person refuses to answer a question or to produce a record or thing, the person designated under paragraph (2)(c) (a) may, if he or she is a judge of a Canadian or foreign court, make immediate rulings on any objections or issues within his or her jurisdiction; or (b) shall, in any other case, continue the examination and ask any other question or request the production of any other record or thing mentioned in the order. Statement of reasons for refusal
(a) la personne ne s’est pas présentée ou n’est pas restée présente comme l’exigeait l’ordonnance ou est sur le point de s’esquiver; Copy of information 2002, c. 16, s. 3; 2019, c. 25, s. 387. Contents of application (a) contain a description of the exhibit requested to be lent; 2002, c. 8, s. 198, c. 16, s. 3. (a) contain a description of the exhibit; a) au procureur général du Canada, s’il s’agit d’une demande à la Cour fédérale ou à la Cour d’appel fédérale; b) au procureur général de la province où se trouvent les pièces, dans le cas d’une demande à un autre tribunal; c) au président du Tribunal, dans le cas d’une demande à celui-ci. Contenu de la demande
A person named in an order made under subsection (1) who, under subsection (7), refuses to answer one or more questions or to produce certain records or things shall, within seven days, give to the person designated under paragraph (2)(c), unless that person has already ruled on the objection under paragraph (8)(a), a detailed statement in writing of the reasons on which the person bases the refusal to answer each question that the person refuses to answer or to produce each record or thing that the person refuses to produce.
La demande comporte les éléments suivants : a) la description des pièces demandées; b) la désignation de la personne ou de la catégorie de personnes autorisées à recevoir les pièces; c) un exposé des motifs de la demande et, le cas échéant, une description de l’expertise à laquelle on entend les soumettre et une indication du lieu où celle-ci doit être faite; d) un ou les lieux où l’on entend transporter les pièces; e) la durée maximale prévue du prêt. 2002, ch. 8, art. 198, ch. 16, art. 3. Délivrance
A person named in an order made under subsection (1) is entitled to be paid the travel and living expenses to which the person would be entitled if the person were required to attend as a witness before the judge who made the order.
Contenu de l’ordonnance
An order made under subsection (1) must state that a person named in the order, and any person who claims an interest in any record or thing provided pursuant to the order, may make representations referred to in subsection 30.13(2) before any order is made under subsection 30.13(1).
L’ordonnance de prêt comporte les éléments suivants : a) la description des pièces; b) l’ordre à la personne en possession des pièces de les remettre à la personne désignée par l’ordonnance ou qui fait partie d’une catégorie de personnes ainsi désignées; (d) fix the place or places to which the exhibit may be removed; and 2002, c. 16, s. 3. 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Copy of order to custodian 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Presumption of continuity 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Appeal c) le cas échéant, la description de l’expertise à laquelle les pièces peuvent être soumises et une indication du lieu où celle-ci doit être faite; d) le ou les lieux où les pièces peuvent être transportées; e) la date limite à laquelle les pièces doivent être retournées. Conditions et modalités
(a) a transcript of every examination held under the order; (b) a general description of every record or thing produced to the person under the order and, if the judge so requires, a record or thing itself; and (c) a copy of every statement given under subsection 30.11(9) of the reasons for a refusal to answer any question or to produce any record or thing. Copy to Minister of Justice
Le tribunal ou le Tribunal, selon le cas, peut assortir l’ordonnance de prêt des conditions et modalités qu’il estime indiquées, notamment quant à la conservation des pièces visées. 2002, ch. 16, art. 3.
The person designated under paragraph 30.11(2)(c) shall send a copy of the report to the Minister of Justice promptly after it is made.
2002, ch. 16, art. 3. Remise
If any reasons contained in a statement given under subsection 30.11(9) are based on the Canadian law of non-disclosure of information or privilege, a judge to whom a report is made shall determine whether those reasons are well-founded and, if the judge determines that they are, that determination shall be mentioned in any order that the judge makes under section 30.13, but if the judge determines that they are not, the judge shall order that the person named in the order made under subsection 30.11(1) answer the questions or produce the records or things. Refusals based on foreign law
2002, ch. 16, art. 3. Présomption
A copy of every statement given under subsection 30.11(9) that contains reasons that purport to be based on a law that applies to the foreign state shall be appended to any order that the judge makes under section 30.13.
2002, ch. 16, art. 3. Appel Appel — question de droit
(b) a copy of the order made under subsection 30.11(1) accompanied by a copy of any statement given under subsection 30.11(9) that contains reasons that purport to be based on a law that applies to the foreign state; and (c) any determination made under subsection 30.12(3) that the reasons contained in a statement given under subsection 30.11(9) are well-founded. Terms and conditions
2002, c. 8, s. 198, c. 16, s. 3. Evidence 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Foreign records Probative value 2002, c. 16, s. 3. 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Status of certificate 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Exception 2002, c. 16, s. 3. Choses
An order made under subsection (1) may include any terms or conditions that the judge considers desirable, after having considered any representations of the Minister of Justice, the Commissioner, the person who produced any record or thing or the person designated under paragraph 30.11(2)(c) and any person who claims to have an interest in any record or thing so produced, including terms and conditions (a) necessary to give effect to the request mentioned in subsection 30.1(1); (b) in respect of the preservation and return to Canada of any record or thing so produced; and (c) in respect of the protection of the interests of third parties. Further execution
2002, ch. 16, art. 3. Admissibilité des affidavits, certificats, etc.
The execution of an order made under subsection 30.11(1) that was not completely executed because of a refusal, by reason of a law that applies to the foreign state, to answer one or more questions or to produce certain records or things to the person designated under paragraph 30.11(2)(c) may be continued, unless a ruling has already been made on the objection under paragraph 30.11(8)(a), if a court of the foreign state or a person designated by the foreign state determines that the reasons are not well-founded and the foreign state so advises the Minister of Justice. Leave of judge required
2002, ch. 16, art. 3. Dispositions générales Confidentialité des demandes et éléments de preuve étrangers
No person named in an order made under subsection 30.11(1) whose reasons for refusing to answer a question or to produce a record or thing are determined not to be well-founded, or whose objection has been ruled against under paragraph 30.11(8)(a), shall, during the continued execution of the order or ruling, refuse to answer that question or to produce that record or thing to the person designated under paragraph 30.11(2)(c), except with the permission of the judge who made the order or ruling or another judge of the same court. Terms and conditions
a) la teneur d’une demande présentée au Canada par un État étranger ou l’existence de celle-ci; b) la teneur des documents ou autres choses obtenus d’un État étranger en vertu d’une demande canadienne. Confidentialité des éléments de preuve canadiens
Approval of request to obtain evidence by video link, etc.
Il est interdit à quiconque exerce ou a exercé des fonctions dans le cadre de l’application ou du contrôle d’application de la présente loi de communiquer ou de permettre que soit communiqué à une autre personne, sauf à un organisme canadien chargé de l’application de la loi ou dans le cadre de l’application ou du contrôle d’application de la présente loi, quelque renseignement obtenu en application des articles 30.06 ou 30.11. Exception
Application for order
Le présent article ne s’applique pas aux renseignements qui sont devenus publics. 2002, ch. 16, art. 3. Exception 2002, c. 16, s. 3. 2002, c. 16, s. 3. PART IV Special Remedies R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 31; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 27; 1999, c. 31, s. 48(F). (d) prevent or lessen, unduly, competition in the production, manufacture, purchase, barter, sale, transportation or supply of any such article or commodity, Orders (d) directing that the registration of a trademark in the register of trademarks or the registration of an integrated circuit topography in the register of topographies be expunged or amended; and Treaties, etc. R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 32; R.S., 1985, c. 10 (4th Supp.), s. 18; 1990, c. 37, s. 29; 2002, c. 16, s. 4(F); 2014, c. 20, s. 366(E); 2017, c. 6, s. 123. Interim injunction (c) the balance of convenience favours issuing the injunction. (c) the balance of convenience favours issuing the injunction. procureur général d’une province ou pour leur compte, prononcer une injonction interdisant à toute personne nommément désignée dans la demande de faire quoi que ce soit qui, d’après lui, pourrait constituer une infraction visée à l’article 52 comportant l’utilisation d’un moyen de télécommunication ou aux articles 52.01, 52.1 ou 53, ou tendre à la perpétration d’une telle infraction, s’il constate que, à la fois : a) la personne a accompli, est sur le point d’accomplir ou accomplira vraisemblablement un acte constituant l’infraction, ou tendant à sa perpétration; b) si l’infraction est commise ou se poursuit, un dommage grave sera vraisemblablement causé en l’absence de l’ordonnance; c) après l’évaluation comparative des inconvénients, il est préférable de rendre l’ordonnance. Injonction contre des tiers — infraction comportant l’utilisation d’un moyen de télécommunication (1.2) Le tribunal peut par ordonnance, sur demande présentée par le procureur général du Canada ou le procureur général d’une province ou pour leur compte, enjoindre à une personne nommément désignée dans la demande de s’abstenir de fournir à une autre personne un produit qui, d’après lui, est ou sera vraisemblablement utilisé pour la perpétration ou la continuation d’une infraction à l’article 52 comportant l’utilisation d’un moyen de télécommunication ou d’une infraction aux articles 52.01, 52.1 ou 53, ou lui enjoindre d’accomplir tout acte qu’il estime susceptible d’empêcher la perpétration ou la continuation d’une telle infraction, s’il constate : a) une personne a accompli, est sur le point d’accomplir ou accomplira vraisemblablement un acte constituant l’infraction, ou tendant à sa perpétration; b) si l’infraction est commise ou se poursuit, un dommage grave sera vraisemblablement causé en l’absence de l’ordonnance; c) après l’évaluation comparative des inconvénients, il est préférable de rendre l’ordonnance. Préavis
The Commissioner or the authorized representative of the Commissioner shall apply ex parte to a judge for an order for the taking of evidence or a statement from the person. Order for video link, etc.
Sous réserve du paragraphe (3), un préavis d’au moins quarante-huit heures de la présentation de la demande d’injonction prévue à l’un des paragraphes (1) à (1.2) doit être donné, par ou pour le procureur général du Canada ou le procureur général d’une province, selon le cas, à chaque personne contre laquelle est demandée cette injonction. Ex parte application Terms of injunction
is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds to believe that (a) conduct that is the subject of a request made by a foreign state is taking place, has taken place or is about to take place; and (b) the foreign state believes that the person’s evidence or statement would be relevant to the investigation or proceedings in respect of the conduct referred to in paragraph (a).
An injunction issued under subsection (1), (1.1) or (1.2) (b) revoke the injunction. Duty of applicant Demande ex parte
An order made under subsection (1) shall order the person (a) to attend at the place fixed by the judge for the taking of the evidence or statement by means of the technology and to remain in attendance until the person is excused by the authorities of the foreign state; (b) to answer any questions put to the person by the authorities of the foreign state or by any person authorized by those authorities; (c) to make a copy of a record or to make a record from data and to bring the copy or record, when appropriate; and (d) to bring any record or thing in his or her possession or control, when appropriate, in order to show it to the authorities by means of the technology. Order effective throughout Canada
Si le tribunal saisi de la demande prévue à l’un des paragraphes (1) à (1.2) est convaincu qu’on ne peut raisonnablement se conformer au paragraphe (2) ou que l’urgence de la situation est telle que la signification d’un préavis visé au paragraphe (2) serait contraire à l’intérêt public, il peut donner suite à la demande ex parte, mais l’injonction qu’il prononce en vertu de l’un des paragraphes (1) à (1.2) sur demande ex parte n’a effet que pour la période — d’au plus dix jours — que spécifie l’ordonnance. Libellé de l’injonction
An order made under subsection (1) may be executed anywhere in Canada. Terms and conditions of order
L’injonction prononcée en vertu de l’un des paragraphes (1) à (1.2) doit : a) être libellée de la manière que le tribunal estime nécessaire et suffisant pour répondre aux besoins de l’occurrence; b) sous réserve du paragraphe (3), avoir effet pendant la période que spécifie l’ordonnance. Prolongation ou annulation de l’injonction
An order made under subsection (1) may include any terms or conditions that the judge considers desirable, including those relating to the protection of the interests of the person named in it and of third parties.
Sur demande, présentée par le procureur général du Canada ou le procureur général d’une province ou pour leur compte ou par toute personne que vise une injonction prononcée en vertu de l’un des paragraphes (1) à (1.2) ou pour son compte, et sur préavis d’au moins quarante-huit heures donné à toutes les autres parties à l’injonction, le tribunal qui prononce l’injonction peut, par ordonnance : a) malgré les paragraphes (3) et (4), proroger l’injonction, avec ou sans modification, pendant le délai ferme que spécifie l’ordonnance; b) révoquer l’injonction. Obligation du requérant
The judge who made the order under subsection (1) or another judge of the same court may vary its terms and conditions.
Lorsqu’une injonction est prononcée en vertu de l’un des paragraphes (1) à (1.2), le procureur général du Canada ou le procureur général d’une province, selon le cas, doit, avec toute la diligence possible, intenter et mener à terme toute poursuite ou toutes procédures résultant des actes ou des choses qui ont motivé l’injonction. Peine pour transgression
A person named in an order made under subsection (1) is entitled to be paid the travel and living expenses to which the person would be entitled if the person were required to attend as a witness before the judge who made the order. Other laws to apply
Le tribunal peut infliger l’amende qu’il estime indiquée ou un emprisonnement maximal de deux ans à quiconque contrevient à l’injonction qu’il a prononcée en vertu de l’un des paragraphes (1) à (1.2). R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 33; 1993, c. 34, s. 50; 1999, c. 2, s. 10; 2002, c. 16, s. 5; 2010, c. 23, s. 73. Idem Prescriptive terms Other proceedings Disposition of appeal Procedure Procedure R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 34; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 28, c. 34 (3rd Supp.), s. 8; 1999, c. 2, s. 11; 2002, c. 8, s. 183; 2009, c. 2, s. 409. Court may require returns l’autorisation d’appel est accordée par la Cour suprême, pour tout motif d’appel jugé suffisant par cette cour. Décisions sur les appels
Statement of reasons for refusal
Lorsque la cour d’appel ou la Cour suprême du Canada permet un appel, elle peut annuler toute ordonnance rendue par le tribunal d’où l’appel est interjeté et peut rendre toute ordonnance qu’à son avis le tribunal d’où l’appel est interjeté aurait pu ou aurait dû rendre. Procédure
A person named in an order made under subsection 30.16(1) who refuses to give evidence or a statement on the grounds that it would disclose information that is protected by the Canadian law of non-disclosure of information or privilege shall, within seven days, give to the judge who made the order or another judge of the same court a detailed statement in writing of the reasons on which the person bases each refusal.
Sous réserve des paragraphes (3) et (4), la partie XXI du Code criminel s’applique, compte tenu des adaptations de circonstance, aux appels prévus au présent article. Peine pour désobéissance
A judge to whom a statement is given under subsection (2) shall determine whether the reasons for refusal are well-founded and, if the judge determines that they are not, the judge shall order that the person named in the order made under subsection 30.16(1) give the evidence or statement. Contempt of court in Canada
Le tribunal peut infliger l’amende qu’il estime indiquée ou un emprisonnement maximal de cinq ans à quiconque contrevient à une ordonnance rendue aux termes du présent article. Procédure
When a witness gives evidence under section 30.16, the Canadian law relating to contempt of court applies with respect to a refusal by the person to answer a question or to produce a record or thing as ordered by the judge under that section.
Toute procédure engagée sur plainte du procureur général du Canada ou du procureur général d’une province aux termes du présent article est jugée par le tribunal sans jury, et la procédure applicable aux procédures en injonction dans les cours supérieures de la province s’applique dans la mesure du possible. Définition de cour supérieure de juridiction criminelle
(a) the person did not attend or remain in attendance as required by the order or is about to abscond; (b) the order was personally served on the person; and (c) in the case of an order made under subsection 30.11(1), the person is likely to give material evidence and, in the case of an order made under subsection 30.16(1), the foreign state believes that the testimony of the person would be relevant to the investigation or proceedings in respect of the conduct. Warrant effective throughout Canada
Au présent article, cour supérieure de juridiction criminelle s’entend au sens du Code criminel.
A warrant issued under subsection (1) may be executed anywhere in Canada by any peace officer. Order
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 34; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 28, ch. 34 (3e suppl.), art. 8; 1999, ch. 2, art. 11; 2002, ch. 8, art. 183; 2009, ch. 2, art. 409. Demande de rapports 35 (1) Nonobstant la partie VI, lorsqu’une personne est déclarée coupable d’une infraction visée à cette partie, le tribunal devant lequel cette personne a été déclarée coupable et condamnée peut, dans les trois années qui suivent, astreindre la personne déclarée coupable à fournir, quant à ses affaires, les renseignements qu’il estime opportuns. Le tribunal peut, sans que soit limitée la portée générale de ce qui précède, exiger une révélation complète de toutes les transactions, opérations et activités effectuées depuis la date de l’infraction aux termes ou à l’égard de quelque contrat, accord ou arrangement, exprès ou tacite, que la personne déclarée coupable peut avoir conclu à quelque époque que ce soit avec une autre personne concernant les affaires de la personne déclarée coupable. R.S., c. C-23, s. 31. Recovery of damages Evidence of prior proceedings Limitation Peine
A peace officer who arrests a person in execution of a warrant issued under subsection (1) shall, without delay, bring the person or cause the person to be brought before the judge who issued the warrant or another judge of the same court who may, to ensure compliance with the order made under subsection 30.11(1) or 30.16(1), order that the person be detained in custody or issue a release order, as described in section 2 of the Criminal Code, the form of which may be adapted to suit the circumstances.
Le tribunal peut punir d’une amende fixée à sa discrétion ou d’un emprisonnement maximal de deux ans tout défaut d’obtempérer à une ordonnance rendue aux termes du présent article. S.R., ch. C-23, art. 31. Recouvrement de dommages-intérêts 36 (1) Toute personne qui a subi une perte ou des dommages par suite : a) soit d’un comportement allant à l’encontre d’une disposition de la partie VI; b) soit du défaut d’une personne d’obtempérer à une ordonnance rendue par le Tribunal ou un autre tribunal en vertu de la présente loi, peut, devant tout tribunal compétent, réclamer et recouvrer de la personne qui a eu ce comportement ou n’a pas obtempéré à l’ordonnance une somme égale au montant de la perte ou des dommages qu’elle est reconnue avoir subis, ainsi qu’une somme supplémentaire que le tribunal peut fixer et qui n’excède pas le coût total, pour elle, de toute enquête relative à l’affaire et des procédures engagées en vertu du présent article. Preuves de procédures antérieures
A person who is arrested in execution of a warrant issued under subsection (1) is entitled to receive, on request, a copy of the information on which the warrant was issued. Lending Exhibits Approval of loan request
Dans toute action intentée contre une personne en vertu du paragraphe (1), les procès-verbaux relatifs aux procédures engagées devant tout tribunal qui a déclaré cette personne coupable d’une infraction visée à la partie VI ou l’a déclarée coupable du défaut d’obtempérer à une ordonnance rendue en vertu de la présente loi par le Tribunal ou par un autre tribunal, ou qui l’a punie pour ce défaut, constituent, sauf preuve contraire, la preuve que la personne contre laquelle l’action est intentée a eu un comportement allant à l’encontre d’une disposition de la partie VI ou n’a pas obtempéré à une ordonnance rendue en vertu de la présente loi par le Tribunal ou par un autre tribunal, selon le cas, et les éléments de preuve fournis lors de ces procédures quant à l’effet de ces actes ou omissions sur la personne qui intente l’action constitue une preuve de cet effet dans l’action. Compétence de la Cour fédérale
Application for loan order
La Cour fédérale a compétence sur les actions prévues au paragraphe (1).
The Commissioner or the authorized representative of the Commissioner shall apply for a loan order in respect of the exhibit to the court that has possession of the exhibit, or to the Tribunal if it has possession of the exhibit, after having given reasonable notice to the parties to the proceedings and to (a) to the Attorney General of Canada, in the case of an application to the Federal Court or the Federal Court of Appeal; (b) the attorney general of the province in which the exhibit is located, in the case of an application to a court other than the Federal Court or the Federal Court of Appeal; or (c) the Chairman of the Tribunal, in the case of an application to the Tribunal.
Les actions visées au paragraphe (1) se prescrivent : a) dans le cas de celles qui sont fondées sur un comportement qui va à l’encontre d’une disposition de la R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 36; R.S., 1985, c. 1 (4th Supp.), s. 11. PART V [Repealed, R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 29] PART VI (b) to allocate sales, territories, customers or markets for the production or supply of the product; or
An application made under subsection (2) must (b) designate a person or class of persons to whom the exhibit is sought to be given; (c) state the reasons for the request and, if any tests are sought to be performed on the exhibit, contain a description of the tests and a statement of the place where they will be performed; (d) state the place or places to which the exhibit is sought to be removed; and (e) specify the time at or before which the exhibit is to be returned. Making of loan order
(b) to not solicit or hire each other’s employees. Penalty
Terms of loan order
A loan order made under subsection (1) must (b) order the person who has possession of the exhibit to give it to a person designated in the order or who is a member of a class of persons so designated; (c) contain a description of any tests authorized to be performed on the exhibit, as well as a statement of the place where the tests must be performed; (e) fix the time at or before which the exhibit must be returned. Terms and conditions
a) pour fixer, maintenir, réduire ou contrôler les salaires, les traitements ou les conditions d’emploi; b) pour ne pas solliciter ou embaucher les employés de l’autre employeur. Peine
A loan order made under subsection (1) may include any terms or conditions that the court or the Tribunal considers desirable, including those relating to the preservation of the exhibit. Variation of loan order
Quiconque commet l’infraction prévue aux paragraphes (1) ou (1.1) est coupable d’un acte criminel et encourt un emprisonnement maximal de quatorze ans et une amende dont le montant est fixé par le tribunal, ou l’une de ces peines. Preuve du complot, de l’accord ou de l’arrangement
Dans les poursuites intentées en vertu des paragraphes (1) ou (1.1), le tribunal peut déduire l’existence du complot, de l’accord ou de l’arrangement en se basant sur une preuve circonstancielle, avec ou sans preuve directe de communication entre les présumées parties au complot, à l’accord ou à l’arrangement, mais il demeure entendu que le complot, l’accord ou l’arrangement doit être prouvé hors de tout doute raisonnable. Défense
Nul ne peut être déclaré coupable d’une infraction prévue au paragraphe (1) ou (1.1) à l’égard d’un complot, d’un accord ou d’un arrangement qui aurait par ailleurs contrevenu à ce paragraphe si, à la fois : a) il établit, selon la prépondérance des probabilités : (i) que le complot, l’accord ou l’arrangement, selon le cas, est accessoire à un accord ou à un arrangement plus large ou distinct qui inclut les mêmes parties, (ii) qu’il est directement lié à l’objectif de l’accord ou de l’arrangement plus large ou distinct et est raisonnablement nécessaire à la réalisation de cet objectif; b) l’accord ou l’arrangement plus large ou distinct, considéré individuellement, ne contrevient pas au même paragraphe. Défense
Appeal on question of law
Nul ne peut être déclaré coupable d’une infraction prévue au paragraphe (1) si le complot, l’accord ou l’arrangement se rattache exclusivement à l’exportation de produits du Canada, sauf dans les cas suivants : a) le complot, l’accord ou l’arrangement a eu pour résultat ou aura vraisemblablement pour résultat de réduire ou de limiter la valeur réelle des exportations d’un produit; Exception Definitions R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 45; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 30; 1991, c. 45, s. 547, c. 46, s. 4; 1999, c. 2, s. 45; 2009, c. 2, s. 410; 2018, c. 8, s. 110; 2018, c. 10, s. 85; 2022, c. 10, s. 257. R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 31; 2009, c. 2, s. 410. Limitation R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 46; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 32; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. Definition of bid-rigging Bid-rigging Exception R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 47; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 33; 2009, c. 2, s. 411; 2018, c. 8, s. 11; 2018, c. 10, s. 86, 2018, c. 10, s. 97. Application 1974-75-76, c. 76, s. 15. (d) the amount or kind of a loan to a customer, (e) the kind of service to be provided to a customer, or Exceptions 50 [Repealed, 2009, c. 2, s. 413] 51 [Repealed, 2009, c. 2, s. 413] Proof of certain matters not required Drip pricing (a) expressed on an article offered or displayed for sale or its wrapper or container, (c) expressed on an in-store or other point-of-purchase display, Indication de prix partiel (1.3) Il est entendu que l’indication d’un prix qui n’est pas atteignable en raison de frais obligatoires fixes qui s’y ajoutent constitue une indication fausse ou trompeuse, sauf si les frais obligatoires représentent une montant imposé sous le régime d’une loi fédérale ou provinciale. Indications accompagnant un produit
Modifications Appeal on question of law
Pour l’application du présent article, sauf le paragraphe (2.1), sont réputées être données au public que par la personne qui les fait provenir les indications qui, selon le cas : a) apparaissent sur un article mis en vente ou exposé pour la vente, ou sur son emballage; b) apparaissent sur quelque chose qui est fixé à un article mis en vente ou exposé pour la vente ou sur son emballage ou qui y est inséré ou joint, soit sur quelque chose qui sert de support à l’article pour l’étalage ou la vente; c) apparaissent à un étalage d’un magasin ou d’un autre point de vente; d) sont données, au cours d’opérations de vente en magasin, par démarchage ou par communication orale faite par tout moyen de télécommunication, à un usager éventuel; e) se trouvent dans ou sur quelque chose qui est vendu, envoyé, livré ou transmis au public ou mis à sa disposition de quelque manière que ce soit. Indications provenant de l’étranger (2.1) Dans le cas où la personne visée au paragraphe (2) est à l’étranger, les indications visées aux alinéas (2)a), b), c) ou e) sont réputées, pour l’application du paragraphe (1), être données au public par la personne qui importe au Canada l’article, la chose ou l’instrument d’étalage visé à l’alinéa correspondant. Idem
An appeal lies, with leave, on a question of law alone, to the Federal Court of Appeal, from any order or decision of the Federal Court or the Tribunal made under this Part, if the application for leave to appeal is made to a judge of that court within fifteen days after the order or decision. Evidence Obtained by Canada from Abroad
Sous réserve du paragraphe (2), quiconque, aux fins de promouvoir directement ou indirectement soit la fourniture ou l’utilisation d’un produit, soit des intérêts commerciaux quelconques, fournit à un grossiste, détaillant ou autre distributeur du produit de la documentation ou autre chose contenant des indications du genre mentionné au paragraphe (1) est réputé avoir donné ces indications au public. Duplication of proceedings R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 52; 1999, c. 2, s. 12; 2009, c. 2, s. 414; 2010, c. 23, s. 74; 2014, c. 31, s. 33; 2022, c. 10, s. 258. False or misleading representation — sender or subject matter information False or misleading representation — electronic message Il faut tenir compte de l’impression générale
Dans toute poursuite intentée en vertu du présent article, pour déterminer si les indications sont fausses ou trompeuses sur un point important il faut tenir compte de l’impression générale qu’elles donnent ainsi que de leur sens littéral. Infraction et peine
Quiconque contrevient au paragraphe (1) commet une infraction et encourt, sur déclaration de culpabilité : a) par mise en accusation, l’amende que le tribunal estime indiquée et un emprisonnement maximal de quatorze ans, ou l’une de ces peines; b) par procédure sommaire, une amende maximale de 200 000 $ et un emprisonnement maximal d’un an, ou l’une de ces peines. Comportement susceptible d’examen
For the purpose of determining the probative value of a record or a copy of a record admitted in evidence under Part VII.1 or VIII, the court hearing the matter, or the Tribunal in proceedings before it, may examine the record or copy, receive evidence orally or by affidavit, or by a certificate or other statement pertaining to the record in which a person attests that the certificate or statement is made in conformity with the laws that apply to a foreign state, whether or not the certificate or statement is in the form of an affidavit attested to before an official of the foreign state, including evidence as to the circumstances in which the information contained in the record or copy was written, stored or reproduced, and may draw any reasonable inference from the form or content of the record or copy. Foreign things
Le présent article s’applique au fait de donner des indications constituant, au sens de la partie VII.1, un comportement susceptible d’examen. Une seule poursuite
Il ne peut être intenté de poursuite en vertu du présent article contre une personne contre laquelle une ordonnance est demandée aux termes de la partie VII.1, si les faits qui seraient allégués au soutien de la poursuite sont les mêmes ou essentiellement les mêmes que ceux qui l’ont été au soutien de la demande.
General Confidentiality of foreign requests and evidence
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 52; 1999, ch. 2, art. 12; 2009, ch. 2, art. 414; 2010, ch. 23, art. 74; 2014, ch. 31, art. 33; 2022, ch. 10, art. 258. Indications fausses ou trompeuses dans les renseignements sur l’expéditeur ou dans l’objet
(a) the contents of a request made to Canada from a foreign state or the fact of the request having been made; or (b) the contents of any record or thing obtained from a foreign state pursuant to a Canadian request. Confidentiality of Canadian evidence
Indications fausses ou trompeuses dans un message électronique
No person who performs or has performed duties or functions in the administration or enforcement of this Act shall communicate or allow to be communicated to any other person, except to a Canadian law enforcement agency or for the purposes of the administration or enforcement of this Act, any information obtained under section 30.06 or 30.11.
Nul ne peut, aux fins de promouvoir, directement ou indirectement, soit les intérêts commerciaux de quiconque, soit la fourniture ou l’usage d’un produit, sciemment ou sans se soucier des conséquences, faire envoyer dans un message électronique, selon le cas, des indications fausses ou trompeuses sur un point important. False or misleading representation — locator Proof of deception not required Interpretation Indications fausses ou trompeuses dans un localisateur
This section does not apply in respect of any information that has been made public. Records or other things already in Commissioner’s possession
Nul ne peut, aux fins de promouvoir, directement ou indirectement, soit la fourniture ou l’usage d’un produit, soit des intérêts commerciaux quelconques, donner ou faire donner, sciemment ou sans se soucier des conséquences, des indications fausses ou trompeuses dans un localisateur. Preuve non nécessaire
Il est entendu qu’il n’est pas nécessaire, afin d’établir qu’il y a eu infraction à l’un ou l’autre des paragraphes (1) à (3), de prouver que quelqu’un a été trompé ou induit en erreur. Prise en compte de l’impression générale
This section does not apply in respect of any information that has been made public or any information the communication of which was authorized by the person who provided the information. Preservation of informal arrangements
Dans toute poursuite intentée en vertu des paragraphes (1) à (3), il est tenu compte de l’impression générale que les indications donnent ainsi que de leur sens littéral. Infraction et peine
Reduction or removal of customs duties
Quiconque contrevient à l’un ou l’autre des paragraphes (1) à (3) commet une infraction et encourt, sur déclaration de culpabilité : a) par mise en accusation, l’amende que le tribunal estime indiquée et un emprisonnement maximal de quatorze ans, ou l’une de ces peines; b) par procédure sommaire, une amende maximale de 200 000 $ et un emprisonnement maximal d’un an, ou l’une de ces peines. Comportement susceptible d’examen
(a) competition in respect of any article has been prevented or lessened substantially, and (b) the prevention or lessening of competition is facilitated by customs duties imposed on the article, or on any like article, or can be reduced by a removal or reduction of customs duties so imposed, the Governor in Council may, by order, remove or reduce any such customs duties. Powers of Federal Court where certain rights used to restrain trade
Les dispositions de la partie VII.1 n’ont pas pour effet d’exclure l’application du présent article au fait de donner des indications qui constitue un comportement susceptible d’examen au sens de cette partie. Procédures en vertu de la partie VII.1
supplementary protection issued under the Patent Act, by one or more trademarks, by a copyright or by a registered integrated circuit topography, so as to (a) limit unduly the facilities for transporting, producing, manufacturing, supplying, storing or dealing in any article or commodity that may be a subject of trade or commerce, (b) restrain or injure, unduly, trade or commerce in relation to any such article or commodity, (c) prevent, limit or lessen, unduly, the manufacture or production of any such article or commodity or unreasonably enhance the price thereof, or the Federal Court may make one or more of the orders referred to in subsection (2) in the circumstances described in that subsection.
Aucune poursuite ne peut être intentée à l’endroit d’une personne en application du présent article si les faits au soutien de la poursuite sont les mêmes ou sensiblement les mêmes que ceux allégués au soutien d’une ordonnance rendue contre cette personne en vertu de la partie VII.1. Interprétation
The Federal Court, on an information exhibited by the Attorney General of Canada, may, for the purpose of preventing any use in the manner defined in subsection (1) of the exclusive rights and privileges conferred by any patents for invention, certificates of supplementary protection issued under the Patent Act, trademarks, copyrights or registered integrated circuit topographies relating to or affecting the manufacture, use or sale of any article or commodity that may be a subject of trade or commerce, make one or more of the following orders: (a) declaring void, in whole or in part, any agreement, arrangement or licence relating to that use; (b) restraining any person from carrying out or exercising any or all of the terms or provisions of the agreement, arrangement or licence; (c) directing the grant of licences under any such patent, certificate of supplementary protection, copyright or registered integrated circuit topography to the persons and on the terms and conditions that the court may deem proper or, if the grant and other remedies under this section would appear insufficient to prevent that use, revoking the patent or certificate of supplementary protection; (e) directing that such other acts be done or omitted as the Court may deem necessary to prevent any such use.
Pour l’application du présent article : a) le fait d’amorcer la transmission d’un message électronique est assimilé à l’envoi de celui-ci; 2010, c. 23, s. 75. Assisting foreign states 2010, c. 23, s. 75. Definition of telemarketing
No order shall be made under this section that is at variance with any treaty, convention, arrangement or engagement respecting patents, certificates of supplementary protection, trademarks, copyrights or integrated circuit topographies to which Canada is a party.
No person shall engage in telemarketing unless
(a) the person has done, is about to do or is likely to do any act or thing constituting or directed toward the commission of the offence; and (b) if the offence is committed or continued, (i) injury to competition that cannot adequately be remedied under any other provision of this Act will result, or (ii) serious harm is likely to ensue unless the injunction is issued and the balance of convenience favours issuing the injunction. Injunction — offences involving telecommunication (1.1) On application by or on behalf of the Attorney General of Canada or the attorney general of a province, a court may issue an injunction forbidding any person named in the application from doing any act or thing that it appears to the court could constitute or be directed toward the commission of an offence under section 52 involving the use of any means of telecommunication or an offence under section 52.01, 52.1 or 53, if it appears to the court that (a) the person has done, is about to do or is likely to do any act or thing constituting or directed toward the commission of the offence; (b) if the offence is committed or continued, serious harm is likely to ensue unless the injunction is issued; and Injunction against third parties — offences involving telecommunication (1.2) On application by or on behalf of the Attorney General of Canada or the attorney general of a province, a court may issue an injunction ordering any person named in the application to refrain from supplying to another person a product that it appears to the court is or is likely to be used to commit or continue an offence under section 52 involving the use of any means of telecommunication or an offence under section 52.01, 52.1 or 53, or to do any act or thing that it appears to the court could prevent the commission or continuation of such an offence, if it appears to the court that (a) a person has done, is about to do or is likely to do any act or thing constituting or directed toward the commission of the offence; (b) if the offence is committed or continued, serious harm is likely to ensue unless the injunction is issued; and Notice of application
No person who engages in telemarketing shall Divulgation
Subject to subsection (3), at least 48 hours’ notice of an application for an injunction under subsection (1), (1.1) or (1.2) shall be given by or on behalf of the Attorney General of Canada or the attorney general of a province, as the case may be, to each person against whom the injunction is sought.
La pratique du télémarketing est subordonnée : a) à la divulgation, d’une manière juste et raisonnable, au début de chaque communication, de l’identité de la personne pour le compte de laquelle la communication est effectuée, de la nature du produit ou des intérêts commerciaux dont la promotion est faite et du but de la communication; b) à la divulgation, d’une manière juste, raisonnable et opportune, du prix du produit dont est faite la promotion de la fourniture ou de l’utilisation et des restrictions, modalités ou conditions importantes applicables à sa livraison; c) à la divulgation, d’une manière juste, raisonnable et opportune, des autres renseignements sur le produit que prévoient les règlements. Télémarketing trompeur
If a court to which an application is made under subsection (1), (1.1) or (1.2) is satisfied that subsection (2) cannot reasonably be complied with, or that the urgency of the situation is such that service of notice in accordance with subsection (2) would not be in the public interest, it may proceed with the application ex parte but any injunction issued under subsection (1), (1.1) or (1.2) by the court on ex parte application has effect only for the period, not exceeding 10 days, that is specified in the order. (a) shall be in the terms that the court that issues it considers necessary and sufficient to meet the circumstances of the case; and (b) subject to subsection (3), has effect for the period that is specified in the order. Extension or cancellation of injunction
Nul ne peut, par télémarketing : a) donner des indications qui sont fausses ou trompeuses sur un point important; b) tenir ou prétendre tenir un concours, une loterie, un jeu de hasard ou un jeu d’adresse ou un jeu où se mêlent le hasard et l’adresse, si : (i) la remise d’un prix ou d’un autre avantage au participant au concours, à la loterie ou au jeu est conditionnelle au paiement préalable d’une somme d’argent par celui-ci, ou est présentée comme telle, (ii) le nombre et la valeur approximative des prix, les régions auxquelles ils s’appliquent et tout fait — connu de la personne pratiquant le télémarketing — modifiant d’une façon importante les chances de gain ne sont pas convenablement et loyalement divulgués; c) offrir un produit sans frais, ou à un prix inférieur à sa juste valeur marchande, en contrepartie de la fourniture ou de l’utilisation d’un autre produit, si la juste valeur marchande du premier produit et les restrictions, modalités ou conditions de la fourniture de ce produit ne sont pas divulguées à l’acquéreur d’une manière juste, raisonnable et opportune; d) offrir un produit en vente à un prix largement supérieur à sa juste valeur marchande, si la livraison du produit est conditionnelle au paiement préalable du prix par l’acquéreur, ou est présentée comme telle. Time of disclosure Due diligence Prise en compte de l’impression générale
On application by or on behalf of the Attorney General of Canada or the attorney general of a province, as the case may be, or by or on behalf of any person to whom the injunction is directed, on at least 48 hours’ notice of the application to all other parties to the injunction, a court that issues an injunction under subsection (1), (1.1) or (1.2) may, by order, (a) despite subsections (3) and (4), continue the injunction, with or without modification, for any definite period that is specified in the order; or
Dans toute poursuite intentée en vertu de l’alinéa (3)a), pour déterminer si les indications sont fausses ou trompeuses sur un point important il faut tenir compte de l’impression générale qu’elles donnent ainsi que de leur sens littéral. Moment de la divulgation
If an injunction is issued under subsection (1), (1.1) or (1.2), the Attorney General of Canada or the attorney general of a province, as the case may be, shall proceed as expeditiously as possible to institute and conclude any prosecution or proceedings arising out of the acts or things on the basis of which the injunction was issued. Punishment for disobedience
La divulgation de renseignements visée aux alinéas (2)b) ou c) ou (3)b) ou c) doit être faite au cours d’une communication, sauf si l’accusé établit qu’elle a été faite dans un délai raisonnable antérieur à la communication, par n’importe quel moyen, et que les renseignements n’ont pas été demandés au cours de la communication. Disculpation
A court may punish any person who contravenes an injunction issued by it under subsection (1), (1.1) or (1.2) by a fine in the discretion of the court or by imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years. Definition of court
La personne accusée d’avoir commis une infraction au présent article ne peut en être déclarée coupable si elle établit qu’elle a fait preuve de toute la diligence voulue pour empêcher la perpétration de l’infraction. Infractions par les employés ou mandataires
In this section, court means the Federal Court or a superior court of criminal jurisdiction as defined in the Criminal Code. Prohibition orders
Malgré le paragraphe (6), dans la poursuite d’une personne morale pour une infraction au présent article, il suffit d’établir que l’infraction a été commise par un employé ou un mandataire de la personne morale, que l’employé ou le mandataire soit identifié ou non, sauf si la personne morale établit qu’elle a fait preuve de toute la diligence voulue pour empêcher la perpétration de l’infraction. Personnes morales et leurs dirigeants
En cas de perpétration par une personne morale d’une infraction au présent article, ceux de ses dirigeants ou administrateurs qui sont en mesure de diriger ou d’influencer les principes qu’elle suit relativement aux actes interdits par cet article sont considérés comme des coauteurs de l’infraction et encourent la peine prévue pour cette infraction, que la personne morale ait été ou non poursuivie ou déclarée coupable, sauf si le dirigeant ou l’administrateur établit qu’il a fait preuve de toute la diligence voulue pour empêcher la perpétration de l’infraction. Infraction et peine
Where it appears to a superior court of criminal jurisdiction in proceedings commenced by information of the Attorney General of Canada or the attorney general of the province for the purposes of this section that a person has done, is about to do or is likely to do any act or thing constituting or directed toward the commission of an offence under Part VI, the court may prohibit the commission of the offence or the doing or continuation of any act or thing by that person or any other person constituting or directed toward the commission of the offence. (2.1) An order made under this section in relation to an offence may require any person (a) to take such steps as the court considers necessary to prevent the commission, continuation or repetition of the offence; or (b) to take any steps agreed to by that person and the Attorney General of Canada or the attorney general of the province. Duration of order (2.2) An order made under this section applies for a period of ten years unless the court specifies a shorter period. Variation or rescission (2.3) An order made under this section may be varied or rescinded in respect of any person to whom the order applies by the court that made the order (a) where the person and the Attorney General of Canada or the attorney general of the province consent to the variation or rescission; or (b) where the court, on the application of the person or the Attorney General of Canada or the attorney general of the province, finds that the circumstances that led to the making of the order have changed and, in the circumstances that exist at the time the application is made, the order would not have been made or would have been ineffective in achieving its intended purpose. (2.4) No proceedings may be commenced under Part VI against a person against whom an order is sought under subsection (2) on the basis of the same or substantially the same facts as are alleged in proceedings under that subsection. Appeals to courts of appeal and Federal Court
Quiconque contrevient aux paragraphes (2) ou (3) commet une infraction et encourt, sur déclaration de culpabilité : a) par mise en accusation, l’amende que le tribunal estime indiquée et un emprisonnement maximal de quatorze ans, ou l’une de ces peines; Sentencing 1999, c. 2, s. 13; 2009, c. 2, s. 415; 2010, c. 23, s. 76; 2014, c. 31, s. 34. Due diligence Sentencing c) choisit les participants ou distribue les prix ou avantages au hasard — ou selon l’adresse des participants — dans la région à laquelle des prix ou avantages ont été attribués. Disculpation
The Attorney General of Canada or the attorney general of the province or any person against whom an order is made under this section may appeal against the order or a refusal to make an order or the quashing of an order (a) from a superior court of criminal jurisdiction in the province to the court of appeal of the province, or (b) from the Federal Court to the Federal Court of Appeal, as the case may be, on any ground that involves a question of law or, if leave to appeal is granted by the court appealed to within twenty-one days after the judgment appealed from is pronounced or within such extended time as the court appealed to or a judge thereof for special reasons allows, on any ground that appears to that court to be a sufficient ground of appeal. Appeals to Supreme Court of Canada (3.1) The Attorney General of Canada or the attorney general of the province or any person against whom an order is made under this section may appeal against the order or a refusal to make an order or the quashing of an order from the court of appeal of the province or the Federal Court of Appeal, as the case may be, to the Supreme Court of Canada on any ground that involves a question of law or, if leave to appeal is granted by the Supreme Court, on any ground that appears to that Court to be a sufficient ground of appeal.
La personne accusée d’avoir commis une infraction au présent article ne peut en être déclarée coupable si elle établit qu’elle a fait preuve de toute la diligence voulue pour empêcher la perpétration de l’infraction. Infractions par les employés ou mandataires
Where the court of appeal or the Supreme Court of Canada allows an appeal, it may quash any order made by the court appealed from, and may make any order that in its opinion the court appealed from could and should have made.
Dans la poursuite d’une personne morale pour infraction au présent article, il suffit d’établir que l’infraction a été commise par un employé ou un mandataire de la personne morale, que l’employé ou le mandataire soit identifié ou non, sauf si la personne morale établit qu’elle a fait preuve de toute la diligence voulue pour empêcher la perpétration de l’infraction. Personnes morales et leurs dirigeants
Subject to subsections (3) and (4), Part XXI of the Criminal Code applies with such modifications as the circumstances require to appeals under this section. Punishment for disobedience
En cas de perpétration par une personne morale d’une infraction au présent article, est, sauf si ce dirigeant ou administrateur établit qu’il a fait preuve de toute la diligence voulue pour empêcher la perpétration de l’infraction, partie à l’infraction et coupable de celle-ci tout dirigeant ou administrateur qui est en mesure de fixer ou d’influencer les orientations de la personne morale en ce qui touche les actes interdits par le présent article et est considérés comme des coauteurs de l’infraction et encourent la peine prévue pour cette infraction, que la personne morale ait été ou non poursuivie ou déclarée coupable, sauf si le dirigeant ou l’administrateur établit qu’il a fait preuve de toute la diligence voulue pour empêcher la perpétration de l’infraction. Infraction et peine
A court may punish any person who contravenes an order made under this section by a fine in the discretion of the court or by imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years.
Quiconque contrevient au présent article commet une infraction et encourt, sur déclaration de culpabilité : a) par mise en accusation, l’amende que le tribunal estime indiquée et un emprisonnement maximal de quatorze ans, ou l’une de ces peines; b) par procédure sommaire, une amende maximale de 200 000 $ et un emprisonnement maximal d’un an, ou l’une de ces peines. Détermination de la peine
Any proceedings pursuant to an information of the Attorney General of Canada or the attorney general of a province under this section shall be tried by the court without a jury, and the procedure applicable in injunction proceedings in the superior courts of the province shall, in so far as possible, apply. Definition of superior court of criminal jurisdiction
Pour la détermination de la peine à infliger au contrevenant, le tribunal prend notamment en compte les circonstances aggravantes suivantes : a) l’utilisation de listes de personnes trompées antérieurement lors de la perpétration d’une infraction à l’article 52.1 ou au présent article; (d) previous convictions of the person under section 52 or 52.1 or this section; and R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 53; 1999, c. 2, s. 14; 2002, c. 16, s. 6; 2009, c. 2, s. 416. Double ticketing (c) on an in-store or other point-of-purchase display or advertisement. 1974-75-76, c. 76, s. 18. Definition of multi-level marketing plan Idem constituent ou ne comportent pas des assertions loyales, faites en temps opportun et non exagérées, fondées sur les informations dont il a connaissance concernant la rémunération soit effectivement reçue par les participants ordinaires, soit susceptible de l’être par eux compte tenu de tous facteurs utiles relatifs notamment à la nature du produit, à son prix, à sa disponibilité et à ses débouchés de même qu’aux caractéristiques du système et de systèmes similaires et à la forme juridique de l’exploitation. Idem (2.1) Il incombe à l’exploitant de veiller au respect, par les participants et ses représentants, de la règle énoncée au paragraphe (2), compte tenu des informations dont il a connaissance. Défense (2.2) La personne accusée d’avoir contrevenu au paragraphe (2.1) peut se disculper en prouvant qu’elle a pris les mesures utiles et fait preuve de diligence pour que : a) soit ses représentants ou les participants ne fassent aucune déclaration concernant la rémunération versée au titre du système; b) soit leurs déclarations respectent les critères énoncés au paragraphe (2). R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 55; 1992, c. 14, s. 1; 1999, c. 2, s. 15. Definition of scheme of pyramid selling (d) a participant in the plan who is supplied with the product Pyramid selling 1992, c. 14, s. 1; 1999, c. 2, s. 16. 56 to 59 [Repealed, 1999, c. 2, s. 17] R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 60; 1999, c. 2, s. 17.1. 61 [Repealed, 2009, c. 2, s. 417] S.R., c. C-23, s. 39; 1974-75-76, c. 76, s. 18. PART VII 63 [Repealed, R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 37] Obstruction R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 64; 2009, c. 2, s. 418. Contravention of Part II provisions Failure to supply information Destruction or alteration of records or things R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 65; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 38; 1999, c. 2, s. 18; 2009, c. 2, s. 419. Contravention of subsection 30.06(5) Destruction or alteration of records or things 2002, c. 16, s. 7. (b) Contravention du paragraphe 30.06(5)
In this section, superior court of criminal jurisdiction means a superior court of criminal jurisdiction as defined in the Criminal Code.
Destruction ou modification de documents ou autres choses
Punishment
Quiconque détruit ou modifie, ou encore fait détruire ou modifier, un document ou une autre chose qui sont visés à un mandat délivré en application de l’article 30.06 ou dont la production est exigée conformément à une ordonnance prévue aux paragraphes 30.11(1) ou 30.16(1) commet une infraction et encourt, sur déclaration de culpabilité : (a) par mise en accusation, une amende maximale de 50 000 $ et un emprisonnement maximal de cinq ans, ou l’une de ces peines; (b) par procédure sommaire, une amende maximale de 25 000 $ et un emprisonnement maximal de deux ans, ou l’une de ces peines. 2002, c. 16, art. 7. Refus d’obtempérer
The court may punish any failure to comply with an order under this section by a fine in the discretion of the court or by imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years.
Refus d’obtempérer
(a) conduct that is contrary to any provision of Part VI, or (b) the failure of any person to comply with an order of the Tribunal or another court under this Act, may, in any court of competent jurisdiction, sue for and recover from the person who engaged in the conduct or failed to comply with the order an amount equal to the loss or damage proved to have been suffered by him, together with any additional amount that the court may allow not exceeding the full cost to him of any investigation in connection with the matter and of proceedings under this section.
Commet une infraction et encourt, sur déclaration de culpabilité par mise en accusation ou par procédure sommaire, une amende maximale de 5 000 $ et un emprisonnement maximal de deux ans, ou l’une de ces peines, la personne qui, lorsqu’aucune décision n’a été rendue aux termes de l’alinéa 30.11(8)a), refuse, sans motif valable et suffisant dont la preuve lui incombe, de répondre à une question ou de produire des documents ou autres choses à la personne désignée en conformité avec l’alinéa 30.11(2)c) : (a) soit sans remettre l’exposé détaillé visé au paragraphe 30.11(9); 2002, c. 16, s. 7. R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 66; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 39; 1999, c. 2, s. 19; 2009, c. 2, s. 420. 1999, c. 2, s. 19. Saving Definitions 1999, c. 2, s. 19. Procedure Application of Criminal Code Jurisdiction of courts Limitation period R.S., c. C-23, s. 44; 1974-75-76, c. 76, s. 19. R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 68; 1999, c. 2, s. 20. Definitions 69 (1) In this section, document [Repealed, R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 40] Compétence des tribunaux
In any action under subsection (1) against a person, the record of proceedings in any court in which that person was convicted of an offence under Part VI or convicted of or punished for failure to comply with an order of the Tribunal or another court under this Act is, in the absence of any evidence to the contrary, proof that the person against whom the action is brought engaged in conduct that was contrary to a provision of Part VI or failed to comply with an order of the Tribunal or another court under this Act, as the case may be, and any evidence given in those proceedings as to the effect of those acts or omissions on the person bringing the action is evidence thereof in the action. Jurisdiction of Federal Court
Nul tribunal autre qu’une cour supérieure de juridiction criminelle, au sens du Code criminel, n’a le pouvoir de juger une infraction visée à l’article 45, 46, 47, 48 ou 49. Les personnes morales sont jugées sans jury
For the purposes of any action under subsection (1), the Federal Court is a court of competent jurisdiction.
Nonobstant le Code criminel ou toute autre loi, une personne morale accusée d’une infraction visée à la présente loi est jugée sans jury. Choix des procédures selon le par. 34(2)
No action may be brought under subsection (1), (a) in the case of an action based on conduct that is contrary to any provision of Part VI, after two years from Restriction (i) a day on which the conduct was engaged in, or (ii) the day on which any criminal proceedings relating thereto were finally disposed of, whichever is the later; and (b) in the case of an action based on the failure of any person to comply with an order of the Tribunal or another court, after two years from (i) a day on which the order of the Tribunal or court was contravened, or (ii) the day on which any criminal proceedings relating thereto were finally disposed of, whichever is the later. Offences in Relation to Competition Conspiracies, agreements or arrangements between competitors
Lorsque le paragraphe 34(2) s’applique, le procureur général du Canada ou le procureur général de la province peut, à sa discrétion, procéder soit au moyen d’une plainte selon ce paragraphe, soit au moyen d’une poursuite. Prescription
(a) to fix, maintain, increase or control the price for the supply of the product; (c) to fix, maintain, control, prevent, lessen or eliminate the production or supply of the product. Conspiracies, agreements or arrangements regarding employment (1.1) Every person who is an employer commits an offence who, with another employer who is not affiliated with that person, conspires, agrees or arranges Competition
Les poursuites visant une infraction dont l’auteur est, aux termes de la présente loi, punissable sur déclaration de culpabilité par procédure sommaire se prescrivent par deux ans à compter de sa perpétration. S.R., ch. C-23, art. 44; 1974-75-76, ch. 76, art. 19. Lieu des poursuites 68 Nonobstant toute autre loi, une poursuite visant une infraction prévue à la partie VI ou à l’article 66 peut être intentée, soit en tout lieu où une telle poursuite peut être intentée en vertu du Code criminel, soit : a) lorsque l’inculpé est une personne morale, dans toute circonscription territoriale où se trouve le siège social de la société ou une succursale, que l’existence de cette succursale soit ou non prévue dans une loi ou un acte ayant trait à la constitution ou à l’organisation de la personne morale; b) lorsque l’inculpé n’est pas une personne morale, dans toute circonscription territoriale où il réside ou a un établissement commercial.
(a) to fix, maintain, decrease or control salaries, wages or terms and conditions of employment; or
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 68; 1999, ch. 2, art. 20. Définitions 69 (1) Les définitions qui suivent s’appliquent au présent article. agent d’un participant Personne qui, selon un document admis en preuve en application du présent article, paraît être ou, aux termes d’une preuve faite autrement l’objet, est identifiée comme étant un fonctionnaire, un agent, un préposé, un employé ou un représentant d’un participant. (agent of a participant) document [Abrogé, L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 40] R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 69; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 40. document [Abrogé, L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 40] participant Toute personne contre laquelle des procédures ont été intentées en vertu de la présente loi et, dans le cas d’une poursuite, un accusé et toute personne qui, bien que non accusée, aurait, selon les termes de l’inculpation ou de l’acte d’accusation, été l’une des parties au complot ayant donné lieu à l’infraction imputée ou aurait autrement pris part ou consenti à cette infraction. (participant) Preuve contre un participant
Every person who commits an offence under subsection (1) or (1.1) is guilty of an indictable offence and liable on conviction to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 14 years or to a fine in the discretion of the court, or to both. Evidence of conspiracy, agreement or arrangement
Dans toute procédure engagée devant le Tribunal ou dans toute poursuite ou procédure engagée devant un tribunal en vertu ou en application de la présente loi : a) toute chose accomplie, dite ou convenue par un agent d’un participant est, sauf preuve contraire, censée avoir été accomplie, dite ou convenue, selon le cas, avec l’autorisation de ce participant; b) un document écrit ou reçu par un agent d’un participant est, sauf preuve contraire, censé avoir été écrit ou reçu, selon le cas, avec l’autorisation de ce participant; c) s’il est prouvé qu’un document a été en la possession d’un participant, ou dans un lieu utilisé ou occupé par un participant, ou en la possession d’un agent d’un participant, il fait foi sans autre preuve et atteste : (i) que le participant connaissait le document et son contenu, (ii) que toute chose inscrite dans le document ou par celui-ci enregistrée comme ayant été accomplie, dite ou convenue par un participant ou par l’agent d’un participant, l’a été ainsi et que le document le mentionne, et, si une chose est inscrite dans le document ou par celui-ci enregistrée comme ayant été accomplie, dite ou convenue par l’agent d’un participant, qu’elle l’a été avec l’autorisation de ce participant, (iii) que le document, s’il paraît avoir été écrit par un participant ou par l’agent d’un participant, l’a ainsi été, et, s’il paraît avoir été écrit par l’agent d’un participant, qu’il a été écrit avec l’autorisation de ce participant.
In a prosecution under subsection (1) or (1.1), the court may infer the existence of a conspiracy, agreement or arrangement from circumstantial evidence, with or without direct evidence of communication between or among the alleged parties to it, but, for greater certainty, the conspiracy, agreement or arrangement must be proved beyond a reasonable doubt. Defence
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 69; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 40. (b) any other enactment of Parliament or of the legislature of a province, Idem Certificate R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 70; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 42; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 71; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 42; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. Notice Idem R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 72; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 43. Procedure Sections 73-74.01 Appeal Proceedings optional R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 73; 1999, c. 2, s. 21; 2002, c. 8, ss. 183, 198, c. 16, s. 8; 2009, c. 2, s. 421. 74 [Repealed, 1999, c. 2, s. 22] PART VII.1 Reviewable Matters
No person shall be convicted of an offence under subsection (1) or (1.1) in respect of a conspiracy, agreement or arrangement that would otherwise contravene that subsection if (a) that person establishes, on a balance of probabilities, that (i) it is ancillary to a broader or separate agreement or arrangement that includes the same parties, and (ii) it is directly related to, and reasonably necessary for giving effect to, the objective of that broader or separate agreement or arrangement; and (b) the broader or separate agreement or arrangement, considered alone, does not contravene that subsection. Defence
Procédure
No person shall be convicted of an offence under subsection (1) in respect of a conspiracy, agreement or arrangement that relates only to the export of products from Canada, unless the conspiracy, agreement or arrangement (a) has resulted in or is likely to result in a reduction or limitation of the real value of exports of a product; Concurrence (b) has restricted or is likely to restrict any person from entering into or expanding the business of exporting products from Canada; or (c) is in respect only of the supply of services that facilitate the export of products from Canada.
Absence de jury
Subsection (1) does not apply if the conspiracy, agreement or arrangement (a) is entered into only by parties each of which is, in respect of every one of the others, an affiliate; (b) is between federal financial institutions and is described in subsection 49(1); or (c) is an arrangement, as defined in section 53.7 of the Canada Transportation Act, that has been authorized by the Minister of Transport under subsection 53.73(8) of that Act and for which the authorization has not been revoked, if the conspiracy, agreement or arrangement is directly related to, and reasonably necessary for giving effect to, the objective of the arrangement. Common law principles — regulated conduct
Le procès concernant une infraction visée à la partie VI ou à l’article 66, en la Cour fédérale, a lieu sans jury. Appel
The rules and principles of the common law that render a requirement or authorization by or under another Act of Parliament or the legislature of a province a defence to a prosecution under subsection (1), as it read immediately before the coming into force of this section, continue in force and apply in respect of a prosecution under subsection (1) or (1.1).
Un appel peut être interjeté de la Cour fédérale à la Cour d’appel fédérale et de la Cour d’appel fédérale à la Cour suprême du Canada dans toutes poursuites ou procédures visées à la partie VI ou à l’article 66 de la présente loi, conformément à la partie XXI du Code criminel pour les appels d’un tribunal de première instance et d’une cour d’appel. Procédures facultatives
The following definitions apply in this section. competitor includes a person who it is reasonable to believe would be likely to compete with respect to a product in the absence of a conspiracy, agreement or arrangement to do anything referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (c). (concurrent) price includes any discount, rebate, allowance, price concession or other advantage in relation to the supply of a product. (prix) Where application made under section 76, 79, 90.1 or 92
Des procédures engagées aux termes du paragraphe 34(2) peuvent, à la discrétion du procureur général du Canada, être intentées soit devant la Cour fédérale, soit devant une cour supérieure de juridiction criminelle dans la province, mais aucune poursuite ne peut être intentée contre un particulier devant la Cour fédérale à l’égard d’une infraction visée à la partie VI ou à l’article 66 sans le consentement de ce particulier.
Foreign directives
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 73; 1999, ch. 2, art. 21; 2002, ch. 8, art. 183 et 198, ch. 16, art. 8; 2009, ch. 2, art. 421. 74 [Abrogé, 1999, ch. 2, art. 22]
Pratiques commerciales trompeuses Comportement susceptible d’examen Indications trompeuses
No proceedings may be commenced under this section against a particular company where an application has been made by the Commissioner under section 83 for an order against that company or any other person based on the same or substantially the same facts as would be alleged in proceedings under this section.
a) ou bien des indications fausses ou trompeuses sur un point important; b) ou bien, sous la forme d’une déclaration ou d’une garantie visant le rendement, l’efficacité ou la durée utile d’un produit, des indications qui ne se fondent pas sur une épreuve suffisante et appropriée, dont la preuve incombe à la personne qui donne les indications; c) ou bien des indications sous une forme qui fait croire qu’il s’agit : Drip pricing (i) soit d’une garantie de produit, (ii) soit d’une promesse de remplacer, entretenir ou réparer tout ou partie d’un article ou de fournir de nouveau ou continuer à fournir un service jusqu’à l’obtention du résultat spécifié, si cette forme de prétendue garantie ou promesse est trompeuse d’une façon importante ou s’il n’y a aucun espoir raisonnable qu’elle sera respectée. Indication de prix partiel (1.1) Il est entendu que l’indication d’un prix qui n’est pas atteignable en raison de frais obligatoires fixes qui s’y ajoutent constitue une indication fausse ou trompeuse, sauf si les frais obligatoires ne représentent que le montant imposé sous le régime d’une loi fédérale ou provinciale. Prix habituel : fournisseurs en général
(a) an agreement or arrangement between or among two or more persons whereby one or more of those persons agrees or undertakes not to submit a bid or tender in response to a call or request for bids or tenders, or agrees or undertakes to withdraw a bid or tender submitted in response to such a call or request, or (b) the submission, in response to a call or request for bids or tenders, of bids or tenders that are arrived at by agreement or arrangement between or among two or more bidders or tenderers. where the agreement or arrangement is not made known to the person calling for or requesting the bids or tenders at or before the time when any bid or tender is submitted or withdrawn, as the case may be, by any person who is a party to the agreement or arrangement.
Sous réserve du paragraphe (3), est susceptible d’examen le comportement de quiconque donne, de quelque manière que ce soit, aux fins de promouvoir directement ou indirectement la fourniture ou l’usage d’un produit ou de promouvoir directement ou indirectement ses intérêts commerciaux, une indication au public selon laquelle le prix est le prix habituel auquel des produits similaires ont été, sont ou seront habituellement fournis, si, compte tenu de la nature du produit, l’ensemble des fournisseurs du marché géographique pertinent n’ont pas, à la fois : a) vendu une quantité importante du produit à ce prix ou à un prix plus élevé pendant une période raisonnable antérieure ou postérieure à la communication des indications; b) offert de bonne foi le produit à ce prix ou à un prix plus élevé pendant une période importante précédant de peu ou suivant de peu la communication des indications. Prix habituel : fournisseur particulier
Every person who is a party to bid-rigging is guilty of an indictable offence and liable on conviction to a fine in the discretion of the court or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 14 years, or to both.
Est susceptible d’examen le comportement de quiconque donne, de quelque manière que ce soit, aux fins de promouvoir directement ou indirectement soit la fourniture ou l’usage d’un produit, soit des intérêts commerciaux quelconques, une indication au public relativement au prix auquel elle a fourni, fournit ou fournira habituellement un produit ou des produits similaires, si, compte tenu de la nature du produit et du marché géographique pertinent, cette personne n’a pas, à la fois : References to time in subsections (2) and (3) Saving
This section does not apply to (a) an agreement or arrangement that is entered into or a submission that is arrived at only by parties each of which is, in respect of every one of the others, an affiliate; or (b) an agreement or arrangement that is an arrangement, as defined in section 53.7 of the Canada Transportation Act, or a submission that is arrived at under that arrangement, that has been authorized by the Minister of Transport under subsection 53.73(8) of that Act and for which the authorization has not been revoked, if the agreement, arrangement or submission is directly related to, and reasonably necessary for giving effect to, the objective of the arrangement. Conspiracy relating to professional sport
[Repealed, 2009, c. 2, s. 422] 1999, c. 2, s. 22; 2009, c. 2, s. 422; 2022, c. 10, s. 259. False or misleading representation — sender or subject matter information False or misleading representation — electronic message False or misleading representation — locator a) vendu une quantité importante du produit à ce prix ou à un prix plus élevé pendant une période raisonnable antérieure ou postérieure à la communication des indications; b) offert de bonne foi le produit à ce prix ou à un prix plus élevé pendant une période importante précédant de peu ou suivant de peu la communication des indications. Périodes visées aux paragraphes (2) et (3)
(a) to limit unreasonably the opportunities for any other person to participate, as a player or competitor, in professional sport or to impose unreasonable terms or conditions on those persons who so participate, or (b) to limit unreasonably the opportunity for any other person to negotiate with and, if agreement is reached, to play for the team or club of his choice in a professional league is guilty of an indictable offence and liable on conviction to a fine in the discretion of the court or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding fourteen years or to both. Matters to be considered
Il est entendu que la période à prendre en compte pour l’application des alinéas (2)a) et b) et (3)a) et b) est antérieure ou postérieure à la communication des indications selon que les indications sont liées au prix auquel les produits ont été ou sont fournis ou au prix auquel ils seront fournis. Réserve
In determining whether or not an agreement or arrangement contravenes subsection (1), the court before which the contravention is alleged shall have regard to (a) whether the sport in relation to which the contravention is alleged is organized on an international basis and, if so, whether any limitations, terms or conditions alleged should, for that reason, be accepted in Canada; and (b) the desirability of maintaining a reasonable balance among the teams or clubs participating in the same league.
Les paragraphes (2) et (3) ne s’appliquent pas à la personne qui établit que, dans les circonstances, les indications sur le prix ne sont pas fausses ou trompeuses sur un point important.
This section applies, and section 45 does not apply, to agreements and arrangements and to provisions of agreements and arrangements between or among teams and clubs engaged in professional sport as members of the same league and between or among directors, officers or employees of those teams and clubs where the agreements, arrangements and provisions relate exclusively to matters described in subsection (1) or to the granting and operation of franchises in the league, and section 45 applies and this section does not apply to all other agreements, arrangements and provisions thereof between or among those teams, clubs and persons. Agreements or arrangements of federal financial institutions
[Abrogé, 2009, ch. 2, art. 422] 1999, ch. 2, art. 22; 2009, ch. 2, art. 422; 2022, ch. 10, art. 259. Indications fausses ou trompeuses dans les renseignements sur l’expéditeur ou dans l’objet
(a) the rate of interest on a deposit, (b) the rate of interest or the charges on a loan, (c) the amount or kind of any charge for a service provided to a customer, (f) the person or classes of persons to whom a loan or other service will be made or provided or from whom a loan or other service will be withheld, and every director, officer or employee of the federal financial institution who knowingly makes such an agreement or arrangement on behalf of the federal financial institution is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to a fine not exceeding ten million dollars or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years or to both.
Indications fausses ou trompeuses dans un message électronique
Subsection (1) does not apply in respect of an agreement or arrangement (a) with respect to a deposit or loan made or payable outside Canada; (b) applicable only in respect of the dealings of or the services rendered between federal financial institutions or by two or more federal financial institutions as regards a customer of each of those federal financial institutions where the customer has knowledge of the agreement or by a federal financial institution as regards a customer thereof, on behalf of that customer’s customers; (c) with respect to a bid for or purchase, sale or underwriting of securities by federal financial institutions or a group including federal financial institutions; (d) with respect to the exchange of statistics and credit information, the development and utilization of systems, forms, methods, procedures and standards, the utilization of common facilities and joint research and development in connection therewith, and the restriction of advertising; (e) with respect to reasonable terms and conditions of participation in guaranteed or insured loan programs authorized pursuant to an Act of Parliament or of the legislature of a province; (f) with respect to the amount of any charge for a service or with respect to the kind of service provided to a customer outside Canada, payable or performed outside Canada, or payable or performed in Canada on behalf of a person who is outside Canada; (g) with respect to the persons or classes of persons to whom a loan or other service will be made or provided outside Canada; (h) in respect of which the Minister of Finance has certified to the Commissioner that Minister’s request for or approval of the agreement or arrangement for the purposes of financial policy and has certified the names of the parties to the agreement or arrangement; or (i) concluded only between federal financial institutions that are all members of the same group. (i) that is entered into only by financial institutions each of which is an affiliate of each of the others. Definition of federal financial institution
Est susceptible d’examen le comportement de quiconque envoie ou fait envoyer dans un message électronique des indications fausses ou trompeuses sur un point important aux fins de promouvoir, directement ou indirectement, soit la fourniture ou l’usage d’un produit, soit des intérêts commerciaux quelconques. Indications fausses ou trompeuses dans un localisateur
In this section and section 45, federal financial institution means a bank or an authorized foreign bank within the meaning of section 2 of the Bank Act, a company to which the Trust and Loan Companies Act applies or a company or society to which the Insurance Companies Act applies. Where proceedings commenced under section 76, 79, 90.1 or 92
Est susceptible d’examen le comportement de quiconque donne ou fait donner des indications fausses ou trompeuses dans un localisateur aux fins de promouvoir, directement ou indirectement, soit la fourniture ou Interpretation 2010, c. 23, s. 77. Assisting foreign states Limitation 2010, c. 23, s. 77. 1999, c. 2, s. 22. (a) expressed on an article offered or displayed for sale or its wrapper or container,
No proceedings may be commenced under this section against a person on the basis of facts that are the same or substantially the same as the facts on the basis of which an order against that person has been made by the Commissioner under section 76, 79, 90.1 or 92. False or misleading representations
Le paragraphe (1) ne s’applique pas lorsque la sanction de la contravention de la loi de l’État étranger serait considérée comme pénale sous le régime du droit canadien. Réciprocité
(1.1) For greater certainty, in establishing that subsection (1) was contravened, it is not necessary to prove that (a) any person was deceived or misled; (b) any member of the public to whom the representation was made was within Canada; or (c) the representation was made in a place to which the public had access. Permitted representations (1.2) For greater certainty, in this section and in sections 52.01, 52.1, 74.01, 74.011 and 74.02, the making or sending of a representation includes permitting a representation to be made or sent. (1.3) For greater certainty, the making of a representation of a price that is not attainable due to fixed obligatory charges or fees constitutes a false or misleading representation, unless the obligatory charges or fees represent only an amount imposed by or under an Act of Parliament or the legislature of a province. Representations accompanying products
Pour décider s’il doit accorder son aide en vertu du paragraphe (1), le commissaire vérifie si l’État étranger, l’organisation internationale ou l’organisme accepte d’aider les enquêtes, instances ou poursuites relatives aux articles visés à ce paragraphe. 2010, ch. 23, art. 77. Indications relatives à l’épreuve acceptable et publication d’attestations
For the purposes of this section, a representation that is (b) expressed on anything attached to, inserted in or accompanying an article offered or displayed for sale, its wrapper or container, or anything on which the article is mounted for display or sale, (d) made in the course of in-store or door-to-door selling to a person as ultimate user, or by communicating orally by any means of telecommunication to a person as ultimate user, or (e) contained in or on anything that is sold, sent, delivered, transmitted or made available in any other manner to a member of the public, is deemed to be made to the public by and only by the person who causes the representation to be so expressed, made or contained, subject to subsection (2.1). Representations from outside Canada (2.1) Where a person referred to in subsection (2) is outside Canada, a representation described in paragraph (2)(a), (b), (c) or (e) is, for the purposes of subsection (1), deemed to be made to the public by the person who imports into Canada the article, thing or display referred to in that paragraph. Deemed representation to public
b) d’autre part, qu’il s’agit des indications approuvées ou données ou de l’attestation approuvée ou publiée préalablement. 1999, ch. 2, art. 22. Indications accompagnant les produits
Subject to subsection (2), a person who, for the purpose of promoting, directly or indirectly, the supply or use of a product or any business interest, supplies it to a wholesaler, retailer or other distributor of a product any material or thing that contains a representation of a nature referred to in subsection (1) is deemed to have made that representation to the public. General impression to be considered
a) apparaissent sur un article mis en vente ou exposé pour la vente, ou sur son emballage; (c) expressed on an in-store or other point-of-purchase display, b) apparaissent sur quelque chose qui est fixé à un article mis en vente ou exposé pour la vente ou sur son emballage ou qui y est inséré ou joint, soit sur quelque chose qui sert de support à l’article pour l’étalage ou la vente; c) apparaissent à un étalage d’un magasin ou d’un autre point de vente; d) sont données, au cours d’opérations de vente en magasin, par démarchage ou communication orale faite par tout moyen de télécommunication, à un usager éventuel; e) se trouvent dans ou sur quelque chose qui est vendu, envoyé, livré ou transmis au public ou mis à sa disposition de quelque manière que ce soit, sont réputées être données au public et ce, uniquement par la personne qui fait en sorte que les indications soient ainsi exprimées, données ou contenues, sous réserve du paragraphe (2). Indications provenant de l’étranger
In a prosecution for a contravention of this section, the general impression conveyed by a representation as well as its literal meaning shall be taken into account in determining whether or not the representation is false or misleading in a material respect. Offence and punishment
Dans le cas où la personne visée au paragraphe (1) est à l’étranger, les indications visées aux alinéas (1)a), b), c) ou e) sont réputées, pour l’application des articles 74.01 et 74.02, être données au public par la personne qui a importé au Canada l’article, la chose ou l’instrument d’étalage visé à l’alinéa correspondant. Présomption d’indications données au public
Any person who contravenes subsection (1) is guilty of an offence and liable (a) on conviction on indictment, to a fine in the discretion of the court or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 14 years, or to both; or (b) on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding $200,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or to both. Reviewable conduct
Sous réserve du paragraphe (1), quiconque, aux fins de promouvoir directement ou indirectement soit la fourniture ou l’usage d’un produit, soit des intérêts commerciaux quelconques, fournit à un grossiste, détaillant ou autre distributeur d’un produit de la documentation ou autre chose contenant des indications de genre mentionné à l’article 74.01 est réputé donner ces indications au public. Preuve non nécessaire
Nothing in Part VII.1 shall be read as excluding the application of this section to a representation that constitutes reviewable conduct within the meaning of that Part.
Il est entendu qu’il n’est pas nécessaire, dans toute poursuite intentée en vertu des articles 74.01 et 74.02, d’établir : a) qu’une personne a été trompée ou induite en erreur; b) qu’une personne faisant partie du public à qui les indications ont été données se trouvait au Canada; c) que les indications ont été données à un endroit auquel le public avait accès. Prise en compte de l’impression générale
No proceedings may be commenced under this section against a person against whom an order is sought under Part VII.1 on the basis of the same or substantially the same facts as would be alleged in proceedings under this section.
Dans toute poursuite intentée en vertu des articles 74.01 et 74.02, pour déterminer si le comportement est susceptible d’examen, il est tenu compte de l’impression Reviewable Matters Sections 74.03-74.04 Definition of bargain price Saving 1999, c. 2, s. 22.
Comportement susceptible d’examen
No person shall, for the purpose of promoting, directly or indirectly, any business interest or the supply or use of a product, knowingly or recklessly send or cause to be sent in an electronic message a representation that is false or misleading in a material respect.
Définition de prix d’occasion
No person shall, for the purpose of promoting, directly or indirectly, any business interest or the supply or use of a product, knowingly or recklessly make or cause to be made a false or misleading representation in a locator.
a) du prix présenté dans une publicité comme étant un prix d’occasion soit par rapport au prix habituel, soit pour d’autres raisons; b) d’un prix qu’une personne qui lit, entend ou voit la publicité prendrait raisonnablement pour un prix d’occasion étant donné les prix auxquels le produit annoncé ou des produits similaires sont habituellement fournis. Vente à prix d’appel
For greater certainty, in establishing that any of subsections (1) to (3) was contravened, it is not necessary to prove that any person was deceived or misled. General impression to be considered
Est susceptible d’examen le comportement que compose fait de la publicité portant qu’il offre à un prix d’occasion un produit qu’il ne fournit pas en quantités raisonnables eu égard à la nature du marché où il exerce son entreprise et à la nature de la publicité. Réserve
In a prosecution for a contravention of any of subsections (1) to (3), the general impression conveyed by a representation as well as its literal meaning are to be taken into account. Offence and punishment
Le paragraphe (2) ne s’applique pas à la personne qui établit que, selon le cas : a) bien qu’ayant pris des mesures raisonnables pour obtenir en temps voulu le produit en quantités raisonnables eu égard à la nature de la publicité, elle n’a pu obtenir ces quantités par suite d’événements indépendants de sa volonté qu’elle ne pouvait raisonnablement prévoir; b) bien qu’ayant obtenu le produit en quantités raisonnables eu égard à la nature de la publicité, elle n’a pu satisfaire à la demande pour ce produit, celle-ci dépassant ses prévisions raisonnables; c) elle a pris, après s’être trouvée dans l’impossibilité de fournir le produit conformément à la publicité, l’engagement de fournir le même produit, ou un produit équivalent de qualité égale ou supérieure, au prix d’occasion et dans un délai raisonnable à toutes les personnes qui en avaient fait la demande et qui ne l’avaient pas reçu au cours de la période d’application du prix d’occasion et a rempli son engagement. 1989, ch. 2, art. 22. Saving Application 1999, c. 2, s. 22. Promotional contests 1999, c. 2, s. 22. Saving 1999, c. 2, s. 22; 2002, c. 16, s. 8. 1999, c. 2, s. 22. 1999, c. 2, s. 22; 2002, c. 8, s. 183. Saving Aggravating or mitigating factors (d) the materiality of any representation; (l) any other relevant factor. Meaning of subsequent order But de l’ordonnance
Any person who contravenes any of subsections (1) to (3) is guilty of an offence and (a) liable on conviction on indictment to a fine in the discretion of the court or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 14 years, or to both; or (b) liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding $200,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or to both. Reviewable conduct
Les conditions de l’ordonnance rendue en vertu des alinéas (1)b), c) ou d) sont fixées de façon à encourager le contrevenant à adopter un comportement compatible avec les objectifs de la présente partie et non pas à le punir. Circonstances aggravantes ou atténuantes
Nothing in Part VII.1 is to be read as excluding the application of this section to the making of a representation that constitutes reviewable conduct within the meaning of that Part. Where application made under Part VII.1
Pour la détermination du montant de la sanction administrative pécuniaire prévue à l’alinéa (1)c), il est tenu compte des éléments suivants : a) la portée du comportement sur le marché géographique pertinent; b) la fréquence et la durée du comportement; c) la vulnérabilité des catégories de personnes susceptibles de souffrir du comportement; d) l’importance des indications; e) la possibilité d’un redressement de la situation sur le marché géographique pertinent; f) l’effet sur la concurrence dans le marché pertinent; g) le revenu brut provenant des ventes sur lesquelles le comportement a eu une incidence; h) la situation financière de la personne visée par l’ordonnance; i) le comportement antérieur de la personne visée par l’ordonnance en ce qui a trait au respect de la présente loi; j) toute décision du tribunal à l’égard d’une demande d’ordonnance présentée au titre de l’alinéa (1)d); k) toute somme déjà payée par la personne visée par l’ordonnance ou ayant fait l’objet d’une ordonnance, à titre de remboursement, de restitution ou de toute autre forme de dédommagement à l’égard du comportement; l) tout autre élément pertinent. Sens de l’ordonnance subséquente
No proceedings may be commenced under this section against a person on the basis of facts that are the same or substantially the same as the facts on the basis of which an order against that person is sought under Part VII.1.
Pour l’application de l’alinéa (1)c), l’ordonnance rendue contre une personne à l’égard d’un comportement susceptible d’examen en application des alinéas 74.01(1)a), b) ou c), des paragraphes 74.01(2) ou (3) ou des articles 74.02, 74.04, 74.05 ou 74.06 constitue une ordonnance subséquente dans les cas suivants : (a) specifying how the payment is to be administered; (b) respecting the appointment of an administrator to administer the payment and specifying the terms of administration; (d) requiring that potential claimants be notified in the time and manner specified by the court; (e) specifying the time and manner for making claims; Variation of terms 1999, c. 2, s. 22; 2009, c. 2, s. 424; 2022, c. 10, s. 260. 2010, c. 23, s. 79. f) établir les critères d’admissibilité des réclamants, notamment toute exigence relative au retour des produits au contrevenant; g) prévoir la manière dont la somme éventuellement non réclamée ou non distribuée doit être traitée et les conditions afférentes. Modification des conditions
For the purposes of this section, (a) an electronic message is considered to have been sent once its transmission has been initiated; and (b) it is immaterial whether the electronic address to which an electronic message is sent exists or whether an electronic message reaches its intended destination.
Le tribunal peut, sur demande du commissaire ou de la personne visée par l’ordonnance, modifier les conditions qu’il a précisées en vertu du paragraphe (8). 1999, ch. 2, art. 22; 2009, ch. 2, art. 424; 2022, ch. 10, art. 260. Déduction
(a) conduct any investigation that the Commissioner considers necessary to collect relevant information, using any powers that the Commissioner may use under this Act or the Criminal Code to investigate an offence under any of those sections; and (b) disclose the information to the government of the foreign state or to the international organization, or to any institution of any such government or organization responsible for conducting investigations or initiating proceedings in respect of conduct in respect of which the assistance is being provided, if the government, organization or institution declares in writing that (i) the use of the information will be restricted to purposes relevant to the investigation or proceeding, and (ii) the information will be treated in a confidential manner and, except for the purposes mentioned in subparagraph (i), will not be further disclosed without the Commissioner's express consent. Mutual assistance
a) ou bien a payée ou est tenue de payer en exécution d’une ordonnance rendue en vertu de l’alinéa 51(1)b) de la Loi visant à promouvoir l’efficacité et la capacité d’adaptation de l’économie canadienne par la réglementation de certaines pratiques qui découragent l’exercice des activités commerciales par voie électronique et modifiant la Loi sur le Conseil de la radiodiffusion et des télécommunications canadiennes, la Loi sur la concurrence, la Loi sur la protection des renseignements personnels et les documents électroniques et la Loi sur les télécommunications; b) ou bien s’est engagée à payer, dans le cadre d’un règlement à l’amiable, au titre de l’alinéa 51(1)b) de cette loi. Indemnisation et injonction
In deciding whether to provide assistance under subsection (1), the Commissioner shall consider whether the government, organization or institution agrees to provide assistance for investigations or proceedings in respect of any of the sections mentioned in subsection (1).
Lorsque le tribunal conclut qu’une personne a ou eu un comportement susceptible d’examen visé au paragraphe 74.011(2), il peut ordonner à celle-ci de payer une somme au titre de l’alinéa 74.1(1)d) et prononcer une injonction provisoire en vertu de l’article 74.111, comme si le comportement était susceptible d’examen visé à l’alinéa 74.01(1)a). 2010, ch. 23, art. 79. Ordonnance temporaire
Required disclosures (a) disclosure is made, in a fair and reasonable manner at the beginning of each communication, of the identity of the person on behalf of whom the communication is made, the nature of the business interest or product being promoted and the purposes of the communication; (b) disclosure is made, in a fair, reasonable and timely manner, of the price of any product whose supply or use is being promoted and any material restrictions, terms or conditions applicable to its delivery; and (c) disclosure is made, in a fair, reasonable and timely manner, of such other information in relation to the product as may be prescribed by the regulations. Deceptive telemarketing (a) make a representation that is false or misleading in a material respect; (b) conduct or purport to conduct a contest, lottery or game of chance, skill or mixed chance and skill, where (i) the delivery of a prize or other benefit to a participant in the contest, lottery or game is, or is represented to be, conditional on the prior payment of any amount by the participant, or (ii) adequate and fair disclosure is not made of the number and approximate value of the prizes, of the area or areas to which they relate and of any fact within the person’s knowledge, that affects materially the chances of winning; (c) offer a product at no cost, or at a price less than the fair market value of the product, in consideration of the supply or use of another product, unless fair, reasonable and timely disclosure is made of the fair market value of the first product and of any restrictions, terms or conditions applicable to its supply to the purchaser; or (d) offer a product for sale at a price grossly in excess of its fair market value, where delivery of the product is, or is represented to be, conditional on prior payment by the purchaser. General impression to be considered
(b) the balance of convenience favours issuing the order. (b) the balance of convenience favours issuing the order. Duration Ex parte application Duration of ex parte order 1999, c. 2, s. 22; 2002, c. 16, s. 10; 2010, c. 23, s. 80. Interim injunction Duration Ex parte application Duration of ex parte injunction Definitions 2009, c. 2, s. 425. pourrait rendre l’ordonnance inutile ou ne servirait pas par ailleurs l’intérêt public. Durée d’application
In a prosecution for a contravention of paragraph (3)(a), the general impression conveyed by a representation as well as its literal meaning shall be taken into account in determining whether or not the representation is false or misleading in a material respect.
L’ordonnance d’injonction rendue ex parte a effet pour la période d’au plus sept jours qui y est fixée, sauf si, sur demande ultérieure présentée au moyen du préavis prévu au paragraphe (4), elle est prorogée pour la période supplémentaire que le tribunal estime suffisante. Demande d’annulation de l’ordonnance
The disclosure of information referred to in paragraph (2)(b) or (c) or (3)(b) or (c) must be made during the course of a communication unless it is established by the accused that the information was disclosed within a reasonable time before the communication, by any means, and the information was not requested during the communication.
Sur demande de la personne visée par l’ordonnance d’injonction rendue ex parte, le tribunal peut annuler l’ordonnance ou la modifier aux conditions qu’il estime indiquées. Obligation du commissaire
No person shall be convicted of an offence under this section who establishes that the person exercised due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence. Offences by employees or agents
Lorsqu’une ordonnance d’injonction a effet, le commissaire, avec toute la diligence possible, mène à terme toute enquête visée à l’article 10 à l’égard du comportement qui fait l’objet de l’ordonnance. Définitions
Notwithstanding subsection (6), in the prosecution of a corporation for an offence under this section, it is sufficient proof of the offence to establish that it was committed by an employee or agent of the corporation, whether or not the employee or agent is identified, unless the corporation establishes that the corporation exercised due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence. Liability of officers and directors
Les définitions qui suivent s’appliquent au présent article. disposer S’agissant d’un article, s’entend notamment du fait de le retirer du ressort du tribunal, d’en faire diminuer la valeur, de le louer à une autre personne ou de le donner comme garantie. (dispose) garantie Tout droit ou intérêt sur un bien qui garantit le paiement ou l’exécution d’une obligation. Sont notamment visés les droits ou intérêts nés ou découlant de débentures, hypothèques, privilèges, nantissements, sûretés, grèvements, fiducies réputées ou réelles, cessions et charges, quelle qu’en soit la nature, de quelque façon ou à quelque date qu’ils soient créés, réputés exister ou prévus par ailleurs. (security interest) 2009, ch. 2, art. 425. Consentement
Where a corporation commits an offence under this section, any officer or director of the corporation who is in a position to direct or influence the policies of the corporation in respect of conduct prohibited by this section is a party to and guilty of the offence and is liable to the punishment provided for the offence, whether or not the corporation has been prosecuted or convicted, unless the officer or director establishes that the officer or director exercised due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence. Offence and punishment
Contenu du consentement
Any person who contravenes subsection (2) or (3) is guilty of an offence and liable (a) on conviction on indictment, to a fine in the discretion of the court or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 14 years, or to both; or (b) on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding $200,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or to both.
Le consentement porte sur le contenu de toute ordonnance qui pourrait éventuellement être rendue contre la personne en question par un tribunal; il peut également comporter d’autres modalités, qu’elles puissent ou non être imposées par le tribunal. Registration Effect of registration 1999, c. 2, s. 22; 2002, c. 16, s. 11. 1999, c. 2, s. 22; 2002, c. 16, s. 11. Evidence 1999, c. 2, s. 22. 1999, c. 2, s. 22. 1999, c. 2, s. 22; 2010, c. 23, s. 81. Rules of Procedure Power of courts 1999, c. 2, s. 22. Appeals Disposition of appeal 1999, c. 2, s. 22; 2002, c. 8, s. 183. 1989, c. 2, s. 22. PART VIII Refusal to Deal Jurisdiction of Tribunal where refusal to deal (d) the product is in ample supply, and Inferences R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 75; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2002, c. 16, s. 11.1; 2014, c. 20, s. 366(E). Price Maintenance (a) a person referred to in subsection (3) directly or indirectly dominante qu’elle nuise sensiblement à la faculté d’une personne à exploiter une entreprise se rapportant à cette catégorie d’articles si elle n’a pas accès à l’article en question. Définition de conditions de commerce
In sentencing a person convicted of an offence under this section, the court shall consider, among other factors, the following aggravating factors: (a) the use of lists of persons previously deceived by means of telemarketing; (b) characteristics of the persons to whom the telemarketing was directed, including classes of persons who are especially vulnerable to abusive tactics; (c) the amount of the proceeds realized by the person from the telemarketing; (d) previous convictions of the person under this section or under section 52 in respect of conduct prohibited by this section; and (e) the manner in which information is conveyed, including the use of abusive tactics. Deceptive notice of winning a prize
Pour l’application du présent article, conditions de commerce s’entend des conditions relatives au paiement, aux quantités unitaires d’achat et aux exigences raisonnables d’ordre technique ou d’entretien. Application
Non-application
Le Tribunal saisi d’une demande présentée par une personne autorisée en vertu de l’article 103.1 ne peut en tirer quelque conclusion que ce soit du fait que le commissaire a accompli un geste ou non à l’égard de l’objet de la demande.
Subsection (1) does not apply if the recipient actually wins the prize or other benefit and the person who sends or causes the notice or document to be sent (a) makes adequate and fair disclosure of the number and approximate value of the prizes or benefits, of the area or areas to which they have been allocated and of any fact within the person’s knowledge that materially affects the chances of winning; (b) distributes the prizes or benefits without unreasonable delay; and (c) selects participants or distributes the prizes or benefits randomly, or on the basis of the participants' skill, in any area to which the prizes or benefits have been allocated.
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 75; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37; 2002, ch. 16, art. 11.1; 2014, ch. 20, art. 366(A). Maintien des prix 76 (1) Sur demande du commissaire ou de toute personne ayant obtenu l’autorisation prévue à l’article 103.1, le Tribunal peut rendre l’ordonnance visée au paragraphe (2) s’il conclut, à la fois : a) que la personne visée au paragraphe (3), directement ou indirectement : (i) soit, par entente, menace, promesse ou quelque autre moyen semblable, a fait monter ou empêché qu’on ne réduise le prix auquel son client ou toute personne qui le reçoit pour le revendre fournit ou offre de fournir un produit ou fait de la publicité au sujet d’un produit au Canada, (ii) soit a refusé de fournir un produit à une personne ou catégorie de personnes exploitant une entreprise au Canada, ou a pris quelque autre mesure discriminatoire à son endroit, en raison de son régime de bas prix; b) que le comportement a eu, a ou aura vraisemblablement pour effet de nuire à la concurrence dans un marché. Ordonnance
No person shall be convicted of an offence under this section who establishes that the person exercised due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence. Offences by employees or agents
Le Tribunal peut, par ordonnance, interdire à la personne visée au paragraphe (3) de continuer de se livrer au comportement visé à l’alinéa (1)a) ou exiger qu’elle accepte une autre personne comme client dans un délai déterminé aux conditions de commerce normales. (a) principal and agent or mandator and mandatory; Exception Refusal to supply Inferences reçoit pour le revendre, à moins que ce prix ne soit exprimé de façon à préciser à quiconque prend connaissance de la publicité que le produit peut être vendu à un prix inférieur. Exception
In the prosecution of a corporation for an offence under this section, it is sufficient proof of the offence to establish that it was committed by an employee or agent of the corporation, whether or not the employee or agent is identified, unless the corporation establishes that the corporation exercised due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence. Liability of officers and directors
Les paragraphes (5) et (6) ne s’appliquent pas au prix apposé ou inscrit sur un produit ou sur son emballage. Refus de fournir
Where a corporation commits an offence under this section, any officer or director of the corporation who is in a position to direct or influence the policies of the corporation in respect of conduct prohibited by this section is a party to and guilty of the offence and is liable to the punishment provided for the offence, whether or not the corporation has been prosecuted or convicted, unless the officer or director establishes that the officer or director exercised due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence. Offence and punishment
S’il conclut, à la suite d’une demande du commissaire ou de toute personne à qui il a accordé la permission de présenter une demande en vertu de l’article 103.1, qu’une personne, par entente, menace, promesse ou quelque autre moyen semblable, a persuadé un fournisseur, au Canada ou à l’étranger, en la conditionnant au fait de faire des affaires commerciales, de refuser de fournir un produit à une personne donnée ou à une catégorie donnée de personnes en raison de la politique de bas prix de cette personne ou catégorie de personnes et que la persuasion a, ou aura vraisemblablement pour effet de nuire à la concurrence dans un marché, le Tribunal peut rendre une ordonnance interdisant à la personne de continuer de se livrer à de tels agissements ou exigeant qu’elle en traite avec le fournisseur en question aux conditions de commerce normales. Cas où il ne peut être rendu d’ordonnance
Any person who contravenes this section is guilty of an offence and liable (a) on conviction on indictment, to a fine in the discretion of the court or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 14 years, or to both; or (b) on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding $200,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or to both.
L’ordonnance prévue au paragraphe (2) à l’égard du comportement visé au sous-alinéa (1)a)(ii) ne peut être rendue si le Tribunal est convaincu que la personne ou catégorie de personnes visée au sous-alinéa avait l’habitude, quant aux produits fournis par la personne visée au paragraphe (3) : a) de les sacrifier à des fins de publicité et non d’en tirer profit; b) de les vendre sans profit afin d’attirer les clients dans l’espoir de leur vendre d’autres produits; c) de faire de la publicité trompeuse; d) de ne pas assurer la qualité de service à laquelle leurs acheteurs pourraient raisonnablement s’attendre. Application
In sentencing a person convicted of an offence under this section, the court shall consider, among other factors, the following aggravating factors: (a) the use of lists of persons previously deceived by the commission of an offence under section 52.1 or this section; (b) the particular vulnerability of recipients of the notices or documents referred to in subsection (1) to abusive tactics; (c) the amount of the proceeds realized by the person from the commission of an offence under this section; (e) the manner in which information is conveyed, including the use of abusive tactics.
Le Tribunal, lorsqu’il est saisi d’une demande présentée par une personne à qui il a accordé la permission Price Maintenance Sections 76-77 R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 76; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1989, c. 2, s. 37; 2009, c. 2, s. 428; 2014, c. 20, s. 366(E); 2017, c. 6, s. 124; 2018, c. 8, s. 112. Definitions
(a) on the product, its wrapper or container; (b) on anything attached to, inserted in or accompanying the product, its wrapper or container or anything on which the product is mounted for display or sale; or Offence and punishment
Pratiques restrictives du commerce Maintien des prix
Any person who contravenes subsection (1) is guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year or to both.
de présenter une demande en vertu de l’article 103.1, ne peut tirer quelque conclusion que ce soit du fait que le commissaire a pris des mesures ou non à l’égard de l’objet de la demande. Procédures en vertu des articles 45, 49, 79 et 90.1
Representations as to compensation
Aucune demande à l’endroit d’une personne ne peut être présentée au titre du présent article sur les faits allégués au soutien de la demande sont les mêmes ou sensiblement les mêmes que ceux qui ont été allégués au soutien : a) d’une procédure engagée à l’endroit de cette personne en vertu des articles 45 ou 49; b) d’une ordonnance demandée à l’endroit de cette personne en vertu des articles 79 ou 90.1. Définition de conditions de commerce
No person who operates or participates in a multi-level marketing plan shall make any representations relating to compensation under the plan to a prospective participant in the plan unless the representations constitute or include fair, reasonable and timely disclosure of the information within the knowledge of the person making the representations relating to (a) compensation actually received by typical participants in the plan; or (b) compensation likely to be received by typical participants in the plan, having regard to any relevant considerations, including (i) the nature of the product, including its price and availability, (ii) the nature of the relevant market for the product, (iii) the nature of the plan and similar plans, and (iv) whether the person who operates the plan is a corporation, partnership, sole proprietorship or other form of business organization. (2.1) A person who operates a multi-level marketing plan shall ensure that any representations relating to compensation under the plan that are made to a prospective participant in the plan by a participant in the plan or by a representative of the person who operates the plan constitute or include fair, reasonable and timely disclosure of the information within the knowledge of the person who operates the plan relating to (a) compensation actually received by typical participants in the plan; or (b) compensation likely to be received by typical participants in the plan, having regard to any relevant considerations, including those specified in paragraph (2)(b). Due diligence defence (2.2) A person accused of an offence under subsection (2.1) shall not be convicted of the offence if the accused establishes that he or she took reasonable precautions and exercised due diligence to ensure (a) that no representations relating to compensation under the plan were made by participants in the plan or by representatives of the accused; or (b) that any representations relating to compensation under the plan that were made by participants in the plan or by representatives of the accused constituted or included fair, reasonable and timely disclosure of the information referred to in that subsection. Offence and punishment
Pour l’application du présent article, conditions de commerce s’entend des conditions relatives au paiement, aux quantités d’achat et aux exigences raisonnables d’ordre technique et d’entretien.
Any person who contravenes subsection (2) or (2.1) is guilty of an offence and liable (a) on conviction on indictment, to a fine in the discretion of the court or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years or to both; or (b) on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding $200,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or to both.
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 76; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 1989, ch. 2, art. 37; 2009, ch. 2, art. 428; 2014, ch. 20, art. 366(A); 2017, ch. 6, art. 124; 2018, ch. 8, art. 112. Exclusivité, ventes liées et limitation du marché Définitions 77 (1) Les définitions qui suivent s’appliquent au présent article. exclusivité a) Toute pratique par laquelle le fournisseur d’un produit exige d’un client, comme condition à ce qu’il lui fournisse ce produit, que ce client : (i) soit fasse, seulement ou à titre principal, le commerce de produits fournis ou indiqués par le fournisseur ou la personne qu’il désigne; (ii) soit s’abstienne de faire le commerce d’une catégorie ou sorte spécifiée de produits, sauf ceux qui sont fournis par le fournisseur ou la personne qu’il désigne; b) toute pratique par laquelle le fournisseur d’un produit incite un client à se conformer à une condition énoncée au sous-alinéa a)(i) ou (ii) en offrant de lui fournir le produit selon les modalités et conditions plus favorables s’il convient de se conformer à une tied selling means Exclusive dealing and tied selling condition énoncée à l’un ou l’autre de ces sous-alinéas. (exclusive dealing) limitation du marché La pratique qui consiste, pour le fournisseur d’un produit, à exiger, d’un client, comme condition à ce qu’il lui fournisse ce produit, que ce client fournisse lui-même un produit quelconque uniquement sur un marché déterminé ou encore à exiger une pénalité de quelque sorte de ce client si ce dernier fournit un produit quelconque hors d’un marché déterminé. (market restriction) ventes liées a) Toute pratique par laquelle le fournisseur d’un produit exige d’un client, comme condition à ce qu’il lui fournisse ce produit (le produit « lié »), que ce client : (i) soit acquière du fournisseur ou de la personne que ce dernier désigne un quelconque autre produit, (ii) soit s’abstienne d’utiliser ou de distribuer, avec le produit lié, un autre produit qui n’est pas d’une marque ou fabrication indiquée par le fournisseur ou la personne qu’il désigne; b) toute pratique par laquelle le fournisseur d’un produit incite un client à se conformer à une condition énoncée au sous-alinéa a)(i) ou (ii) en offrant de lui fournir le produit lié selon des modalités et conditions plus favorables s’il convient de se conformer à une condition énoncée à l’un ou l’autre de ces sous-alinéas. (tied selling) Exclusivité ou ventes liées
(a) a participant in the plan gives consideration for the right to receive compensation by reason of the recruitment into the plan of another participant in the plan who gives consideration for the same right; (b) a participant in the plan gives consideration, as a condition of participating in the plan, for a specified amount of the product, other than a specified amount of the product that is bought at the seller’s cost price for the purpose only of facilitating sales; (c) a person knowingly supplies the product to a participant in the plan in an amount that is commercially unreasonable; or (i) does not have a buy-back guarantee that is exercisable on reasonable commercial terms or a right to return the product in saleable condition on reasonable commercial terms, or (ii) is not informed of the existence of the guarantee or right and the manner in which it can be exercised.
Lorsque le Tribunal, à la suite d’une demande du commissaire ou d’une personne autorisée en vertu de l’article 103.1, conclut que l’exclusivité ou les ventes liées, parce que pratiquées par un fournisseur important d’un produit sur un marché ou très répandues sur un marché, auront vraisemblablement : a) soit pour effet de faire obstacle à l’entrée ou au développement d’une firme sur un marché; b) soit pour effet de faire obstacle au lancement d’un produit sur un marché ou à l’expansion des ventes d’un produit sur un marché; c) soit sur un marché quelque autre effet tendant à exclure, et qu’en conséquence la concurrence est ou sera vraisemblablement réduite sensiblement, le Tribunal peut, par ordonnance, interdire à l’ensemble ou à un quelconque des fournisseurs contre lesquels une ordonnance est
No person shall establish, operate, advertise or promote a scheme of pyramid selling. Offence and punishment
Damage awards If entity affiliated
Any person who contravenes subsection (2) is guilty of an offence and liable (a) on conviction on indictment, to a fine in the discretion of the court or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years or to both; or (b) on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding $200,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or to both. Defence
For the purposes of subsection (4), in addition to the circumstances specified in paragraph 2(2)(a) or (b) under
Civil rights not affected
Pratiques restrictives du commerce Exclusivité, ventes liées et limitation du marché
Other Offences Offences
demandée de pratiquer désormais l’exclusivité ou les ventes liées et prescrire toute autre mesure nécessaire, à son avis, pour supprimer les effets de ces activités sur le marché en question ou pour y rétablir ou y favoriser la concurrence. Limitation du marché
Offence and punishment
Lorsque le Tribunal, à la suite d’une demande du commissaire ou d’une personne autorisée en vertu de l’article 103.1, conclut que la limitation du marché, en étant pratiquée par un important fournisseur d’un produit ou très répandue à l’égard d’un produit, réduira vraisemblablement sensiblement la concurrence à l’égard de ce produit, le Tribunal peut, par ordonnance, interdire à l’ensemble ou à une ou plusieurs des personnes contre lesquelles une ordonnance est demandée de se livrer désormais à la limitation du marché et prescrire toute autre mesure nécessaire, à son avis, pour rétablir ou favoriser la concurrence à l’égard de ce produit. Dommages-intérêts (3.1) Il demeure entendu que le présent article n’autorise pas le Tribunal à accorder des dommages-intérêts à la personne à laquelle le paragraphe 103.1(7) accorde le droit de présenter une demande. Cas où il ne doit pas être rendu d’ordonnance; restriction quant à l’application de l’ordonnance
Every person who contravenes subsection (1) is guilty of an offence and (a) liable on conviction on indictment to a fine in the discretion of the court or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 10 years, or to both; or (b) liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding $100,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or to both.
Le Tribunal ne rend pas l’ordonnance prévue par le présent article, lorsque, à son avis : a) l’exclusivité ou la limitation du marché est ou sera pratiquée uniquement pendant une période raisonnable pour faciliter l’entrée sur un marché d’un nouveau fournisseur d’un produit soit d’un nouveau produit; b) les ventes liées qui sont pratiquées sont raisonnables compte tenu de la connexité technologique existant entre les produits qu’elles visent; c) les ventes liées que pratique une personne exploitant une entreprise de prêt d’argent le sont pour mieux garantir le remboursement des prêts qu’elle consent et sont raisonnablement nécessaires à cette fin, Aucune ordonnance rendue en vertu du présent article ne s’applique en ce qui concerne l’exclusivité, la limitation du marché ou les ventes liées entre des entités qui sont affiliées. Affiliation d’entités
(a) liable on conviction on indictment to a fine in the discretion of the court or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or to both; or (b) liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding $100,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or to both.
Pour l’application du paragraphe (4), une entité est affiliée à une autre entité non seulement dans les cas Inferences R.S., 1985, c. C-34, s. 77; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, ss. 37, 62, 31; s. 52(F); 2002, c. 16, ss. 11.2, 11.3; 2014, c. 20, s. 366(E); 2018, c. 8, s. 113. Abuse of Dominant Position prévus aux alinéas 2(a) ou b), mais également en ce qui concerne tout accord entre elles par lequel l’une concède à l’autre le droit d’utiliser une marque de commerce ou un nom de commerce pour identifier les affaires du concessionnaire, à la condition : a) que ces affaires soient liées à la vente ou la distribution, conformément à un programme ou système de commercialisation prescrit en substance par le concédant, d’une multiplicité de produits obtenus de sources d’approvisionnement qui sont en concurrence et d’une multiplicité de fournisseurs; b) qu’aucun produit ne soit primordial dans ces affaires. Cas où les personnes sont réputées être affiliées
Every person who, without good and sufficient cause, the proof of which lies on that person, contravenes subsection 114(1) is guilty of an offence and liable on conviction on indictment or on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding $50,000.
Pour l’application du paragraphe (4) en ce qui concerne la limitation du marché, dans le cadre de tout accord par lequel une personne (la « première » personne) fournit ou fait fournir à une autre personne (la « seconde » personne) un ou des ingrédients que cette dernière transforme, après ajout de travail et de matériaux, en aliments ou boissons qu’elle vend ensuite en association avec une marque de commerce appartenant à la première personne ou dont cette dernière est l’usager enregistré, les deux personnes sont, à l’égard de cet accord, réputées être affiliées. Application
Every person who destroys or alters, or causes to be destroyed or altered, any record or other thing that is required to be produced under section 11 or in respect of which a warrant is issued under section 15 is guilty of an offence and (a) liable on conviction on indictment to a fine in the discretion of the court or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 10 years, or to both; or (b) liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding $100,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or to both. Liability of directors
Le Tribunal saisi d’une demande présentée par une personne autorisée en vertu de l’article 103.1 ne peut tirer quelque conclusion que ce soit du fait que le commissaire a accompli ou non un acte à l’égard de la question soulevée par la demande.
Where a corporation commits an offence under this section, any officer, director or agent of the corporation who directed, authorized, assented to, acquiesced in or participated in the commission of the offence is a party to and guilty of the offence and is liable to the punishment provided for the offence whether or not the corporation has been prosecuted or convicted.
R. (1985), ch. C-34, art. 77; L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37, 62, 31; ch. 52(F); 2002, ch. 16, art. 11.2, 11.3; 2014, ch. 20, art. 366(A); 2018, ch. 8, art. 113. Abus de position dominante Définition de agissement anti-concurrentiel 78 (1) Pour l’application de l’article 79, agissement anti-concurrentiel s’entend de tout agissement destiné à avoir un effet négatif visant l’exclusion, l’éviction ou la mise au pas d’un concurrent, ou à nuire à la concurrence, notamment les agissements suivants : a) la compression, par un fournisseur intégré verticalement, de la marge bénéficiaire accessible à un client non intégré qui est en concurrence avec le fournisseur, dans les cas où cette compression a pour but d’empêcher l’entrée ou la participation accrue du client dans un marché ou de faire obstacle à cette entrée ou à cette participation accrue; b) l’acquisition par un fournisseur d’un client qui autrement serait accessible à un concurrent du fournisseur, (d) use of fighting brands introduced selectively on a temporary basis to discipline or eliminate a competitor; (k) directly or indirectly imposing excessive and unfair selling prices.
[Repealed, 2009, c. 2, s. 427] R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 2009, c. 2, s. 13; 2009, c. 2, s. 427; 2022, c. 10, s. 261; 2023, c. 31, s. 71. b) l’acquisition par un fournisseur d’un client qui serait par ailleurs accessible à un concurrent du fournisseur, ou l’acquisition par un client d’un fournisseur qui serait par ailleurs accessible à un concurrent du client, dans le but d’empêcher ce concurrent d’entrer dans un marché, dans le but de faire obstacle à cette entrée ou encore dans le but de l’éliminer d’un marché; c) la péréquation du fret en utilisant comme base l’établissement d’un concurrent dans le but d’empêcher son entrée dans un marché ou d’y faire obstacle ou encore de l’éliminer d’un marché; d) l’utilisation sélective et temporaire de marques de combat destinées à mettre au pas ou à éliminer un concurrent; e) la préemption d’installations ou de ressources rares nécessaires à un concurrent pour l’exploitation d’une entreprise, dans le but de retenir ces installations ou ces ressources hors d’un marché; f) l’achat de produits dans le but d’empêcher l’érosion des structures de prix existantes; g) l’adoption, pour des produits, de normes incompatibles avec les produits fabriqués par une autre personne et destinées à empêcher l’entrée de cette dernière dans un marché ou à l’éliminer d’un marché; h) le fait d’inciter un fournisseur à ne vendre uniquement ou principalement qu’à certains clients, ou à ne pas vendre à un concurrent ou encore le fait d’exiger l’une ou l’autre de ces attitudes de la part de ce fournisseur, afin d’empêcher l’entrée ou la participation accrue d’un concurrent dans un marché; i) le fait de vendre des articles à un prix inférieur au coût d’acquisition de ces articles dans le but de discipliner ou d’éliminer un concurrent; j) la réponse sélective ou discriminatoire à un concurrent actuel ou potentiel, visant à entraver ou à empêcher l’entrée ou l’expansion d’un concurrent sur un marché ou à l’éliminer du marché; k) l’imposition directe ou indirecte de prix de vente excessifs et injustes.
Every person who destroys or alters, or causes to be destroyed or altered, any record or thing in respect of which a search warrant is issued under section 30.06 or that is required to be produced pursuant to an order made under subsection 30.11(1) or 30.16(1) is guilty of an offence and liable (a) on conviction on indictment to a fine not exceeding $50,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years, or to both; or (b) on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding $25,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or to both. Refusal after objection overruled
[Abrogé, 2009, ch. 2, art. 427]
Refusal where no ruling made on objection
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 2009, ch. 2, art. 13; 2009, ch. 2, art. 427; 2022, ch. 10, art. 261; 2023, ch. 31, art. 71. (b) conduct Limitation Abuse of Dominant Position
Every person is guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction or on conviction on indictment to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or to both, who, without good and sufficient cause, the proof of which lies on that person, refuses to answer a question or to produce a record or thing to the person designated under paragraph 30.11(2)(c), where no ruling has been made under paragraph 30.11(8)(a), (a) without giving the detailed statement required by subsection 30.11(9); or (b) if the person was previously asked the same question or requested to produce the same record or thing and refused to do so and the reasons on which that person based the previous refusal were determined not to be well-founded by (i) a judge, if the reasons were based on the Canadian law of non-disclosure of information or privilege, or (ii) a court of the foreign state or by a person designated by the foreign state, if the reasons were based on a law that applies to the foreign state. Contravention of order under Part VII.1 or VIII
Aggravating or mitigating factors (c) any actual or anticipated profits affected by the practice; (f) any other relevant factor.
(a) on conviction on indictment, to a fine in the discretion of the court or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years, or to both; or (b) on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding $25,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or to both. Whistleblowing
Pratiques restrictives du commerce Abus de position dominante
Confidentiality
concurrentiel valable et rend une ordonnance en vertu de l’un des paragraphes (1) ou (2) contre la personne, le Tribunal peut aussi lui ordonner de payer, selon les modalités qu’il peut préciser, une sanction administrative pécuniaire maximale qui ne peut dépasser les plus élevées des montants suivants : a) 25 000 000 $ et, pour toute ordonnance subséquente rendue en vertu de l’un de ces paragraphes, 35 000 000 $; b) trois fois la valeur du bénéfice sur lequel la pratique a eu une incidence ou, si ce montant ne peut pas être déterminé raisonnablement, trois pour cent des recettes globales brutes annuelles de cette personne. Facteurs à prendre en compte (3.2) Pour la détermination du montant de la sanction administrative pécuniaire, il est tenu compte des éléments suivants : a) l’effet sur la concurrence dans le marché pertinent; b) le revenu brut provenant des ventes sur lesquelles la pratique a eu une incidence; c) les bénéfices réels ou prévus sur lesquels la pratique a eu une incidence; d) la situation financière de la personne visée par l’ordonnance; e) le comportement antérieur de la personne visée par l’ordonnance en ce qui a trait au respect de la présente loi; f) tout autre élément pertinent. But de la sanction (3.3) La sanction prévue au paragraphe (3.1) vise à encourager la personne visée par l’ordonnance à adopter des pratiques compatibles avec les objectifs du présent article et non pas à la punir. Facteurs à considérer
The Commissioner shall keep confidential the identity of a person who has notified the Commissioner under subsection (1) and to whom an assurance of confidentiality has been provided by any person who performs duties or functions in the administration or enforcement of this Act. Prohibition
Pour l’application des paragraphes (1) et (2), lorsqu’il décide de la question de savoir si un comportement a eu, a ou aura vraisemblablement pour effet d’empêcher ou de diminuer sensiblement la concurrence dans un marché, le Tribunal peut tenir compte des facteurs suivants : a) les entraves à l’accès au marché, y compris les effets de réseau; b) l’effet du comportement sur la concurrence par les prix ou non par les prix, y compris la qualité, le choix ou la protection des renseignements personnels des consommateurs; Exception Limitation period Inferences R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1990, c. 37, s. 31; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2002, c. 16, s. 11.4; 2009, c. 2, s. 428; 2014, c. 20, s. 366(E); 2022, c. 10, s. 262; 2023, c. 31, s. 7.2. b) tout effet du comportement sur la concurrence hors prix ou par les prix, notamment la qualité, le choix ou la vie privée des consommateurs; c) la nature et la portée des changements et des innovations dans tout marché pertinent; d) tout autre facteur qui est relatif à la concurrence dans le marché et qui est ou serait touché par le comportement. Exception
(a) the employee, acting in good faith and on the basis of reasonable belief, has disclosed to the Commissioner that the employer or any other person has committed or intends to commit an offence under this Act; (b) the employee, acting in good faith and on the basis of reasonable belief, has refused or stated an intention of refusing to do anything that is an offence under this Act; (c) the employee, acting in good faith and on the basis of reasonable belief, has done or stated an intention of doing anything that is required to be done in order that an offence not be committed under this Act; or (d) the employer believes that the employee will do anything referred to in paragraph (a) or (c) or will refuse to do anything referred to in paragraph (b).
Pour l’application du présent article, un agissement résultant du seul fait de l’exercice de quelque droit ou de la jouissance de quelque intérêt découlant de la Loi sur le droit d’auteur, de la Loi sur les dessins industriels, de la Loi sur les topographies de circuits intégrés ou de toute autre loi fédérale relative à la propriété intellectuelle ou industrielle ne constitue pas un agissement anti-concurrentiel. Prescription
Nothing in this section impairs any right of an employee either at law or under an employment contract or collective agreement.
Aucune demande ne peut être présentée en vertu du présent article à l’égard d’une pratique d’agissements anti-concurrentiels ou d’un comportement, si la pratique ou le comportement en question a cessé depuis plus de trois ans. Procédures en vertu des articles 45, 49, 76, 90.1 ou 92
In this section, employee includes an independent contractor and employer has the corresponding meaning. Procedure for enforcing punishment
Aucune demande à l’endroit d’une personne ne peut être présentée au titre du présent article si les faits au soutien de la demande sont les mêmes ou essentiellement les mêmes que ceux qui ont été allégués au soutien : a) d’une procédure engagée à l’endroit de cette personne en vertu des articles 45 ou 49; b) d’une ordonnance demandée par le commissaire à l’endroit de cette personne en vertu des articles 76, 90.1 ou 92. Application
Le Tribunal saisi d’une demande présentée par une personne autorisée en vertu de l’article 103.1 ne peut tirer quelque conclusion que ce soit du fait que le commissaire a accompli ou non un geste au nom à l’égard de l’objet de la demande.
Where an election is made under subsection (1), the proceedings subsequent to the election shall be regulated in so far as may be applicable by the provisions of the Criminal Code relating to the trial of indictable offences by a judge without a jury.
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 1990, ch. 37, art. 31; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37; 2002, ch. 16, art. 11.4; 2009, ch. 2, art. 428; 2014, ch. 20, art. 366(A); 2022, ch. 10, art. 262; 2023, ch. 31, art. 7.2. 2002, c. 16, s. 11.5; 2018, c. 8, s. 114(E). Delivered Pricing R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45. Delivered pricing Exception where trademark used R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. termes ou en application d’une loi fédérale ou provinciale : a) par suite : (i) soit d’une règle de droit en vigueur dans un pays étranger, (ii) soit d’une directive, d’une instruction, d’un énoncé de politique ou d’une autre communication à cette personne, à cette personne morale ou à toute autre personne, provenant : (A) soit du gouvernement d’un pays étranger ou d’une subdivision politique de ce pays qui est en mesure de diriger ou d’influencer les principes suivis par cette personne ou cette personne morale, (B) soit d’une personne qui se trouve dans un pays étranger et qui est en mesure de diriger ou d’influencer les principes suivis par cette personne ou cette personne morale, lorsque la communication a pour objet de donner effet à une règle de droit en vigueur dans un pays étranger, et que la décision, si elle était appliquée, aurait ou aurait vraisemblablement l’un des effets mentionnés aux sous-alinéas 82b)(i) à (iv); b) par suite d’une directive, d’une instruction, d’un énoncé de politique ou d’une autre communication à cette personne, à cette personne morale ou à toute autre personne, provenant d’une personne se trouvant dans un pays étranger qui est en mesure de diriger ou d’influencer les principes suivis par cette personne ou cette personne morale, lorsque la communication a pour objet de donner effet à un complot, une association d’intérêts, un accord ou un arrangement intervenu à l’extérieur du Canada qui, s’il était intervenu au Canada, aurait constitué une contravention à l’article 45, le Tribunal peut rendre une ordonnance qui : c) dans un cas visé à l’alinéa a) ou b), interdit à cette personne ou à cette personne morale de prendre au Canada des mesures d’application de la règle de droit, de la directive, de l’instruction, de l’énoncé de politique ou de l’autre communication; d) dans un cas visé à l’alinéa a), interdit à cette personne ou à cette personne morale de prendre au Canada des mesures d’application de la règle de droit, Limitation R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. Definitions registered means registered in the register maintained pursuant to section 89; (inscrit) R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45. the Tribunal may, subject to subsection (4), make an order directing that the agreement be registered for a period specified in the order. fabrique ou produit au moment de la conclusion de l’accord et s’entend également d’un semblable accord aux termes duquel les parties conviennent en outre d’acheter exclusivement des autres parties les articles et les services qui font l’objet de l’accord. (specialization agreement)
No court other than a superior court of criminal jurisdiction, as defined in the Criminal Code, has power to try any offence under section 45, 46, 47, 48 or 49. Corporations to be tried without jury
inscrit Inscrit au registre tenu en application de l’article 89. (registered)
Notwithstanding anything in the Criminal Code or in any other statute or law, a corporation charged with an offence under this Act shall be tried without a jury. Option as to procedure under subsection 34(2)
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45. Ordonnance portant inscription au registre 86 (1) Dans les cas où, sur demande de toute personne et après avoir donné au commissaire une chance raisonnable de se faire entendre, le Tribunal conclut que l’accord que la personne qui a présenté la demande a conclu ou se propose de conclure est un accord de spécialisation et que : a) d’une part, la mise en œuvre de l’accord entraînera vraisemblablement des gains en efficience qui compenseront et dépasseront les effets de toute diminution ou empêchement de la concurrence qui suivront ou résulteront vraisemblablement de l’accord et que ces gains en efficience ne seraient vraisemblablement pas réalisés si l’accord n’était pas mis en œuvre; b) d’autre part, les personnes qui ont conclu ou qui sont sur le point de conclure l’accord n’ont pas essayé de forcer quiconque à devenir partie à l’accord, il peut, sous réserve du paragraphe (4), ordonner que l’accord soit inscrit pour la période fixée par l’ordonnance. Éléments à considérer
In any case where subsection 34(2) is applicable, the Attorney General of Canada or the attorney general of the province may in his discretion institute proceedings either by way of an information under that subsection or by way of prosecution.
Le Tribunal, pour apprécier si un accord entraînera vraisemblablement les gains en efficience visés à l’alinéa (1)a), doit estimer si ces gains entraîneront : a) soit une augmentation relativement importante de la valeur réelle des exportations; b) soit la substitution, pour une part relativement importante, d’articles et de services canadiens à des articles et services importés. Efficience et redistribution du revenu
Proceedings in respect of an offence that is declared by this Act to be punishable on summary conviction may be instituted at any time within but not later than two years after the time when the subject-matter of the proceedings arose. Venue of prosecutions
Pour l’application de l’alinéa (1)a), le Tribunal ne conclut pas qu’un accord entraînera vraisemblablement Conditional orders (a) the divestiture of particular assets, specified in the order; (d) the making of an order in council under section 23 of the Financial Administration Act effecting a remission or remissions specified in the order of the Tribunal of any customs duties on an article that is a subject of the agreement; or (e) the removal of import quotas or import licensing requirements. R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1990, c. 37, s. 32; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2017, c. 6, s. 125. Order to remove from register des gains en efficience en raison seulement d’une redistribution du revenu entre deux ou plus de deux personnes. Autorisation conditionnelle
(a) where the accused is a corporation, in any territorial division in which the corporation has its head office or a branch office, whether or not the branch office is provided for in any Act or instrument relating to the incorporation or organization of the corporation; and (b) where the accused is not a corporation, in any territorial division in which the accused resides or has a place of business. agent of a participant means a person who by a record admitted in evidence under this section appears to be or is otherwise proven to be an officer, agent, servant, employee or representative of a participant; (agent d’un participant) participant means any person against whom proceedings have been instituted under this Act and in the case of a prosecution means any accused and any person who, although not accused, is alleged in the charge or indictment to have been a co-conspirator or otherwise party or privy to the offence charged. (participant) Evidence against a participant
Lorsque le Tribunal, saisi d’une demande en vertu du paragraphe (1), conclut que, même si un accord satisfait aux conditions prévues aux alinéas a) et b) de ce paragraphe, l’exécution de cet accord aura vraisemblablement pour effet de laisser le ou les marchés concernés par l’accord sans concurrence sensible, il peut, dans une ordonnance visée au paragraphe (1), prévoir que l’ordonnance ne prendra effet que si, dans un délai raisonnable fixé par l’ordonnance, l’une ou l’autre des conditions suivantes mentionnée l’ordonnance a été réalisée : a) l’exécution de l’obligation de se départir d’éléments d’actif mentionnés dans l’ordonnance; b) un élargissement du nombre des licences d’exploitation d’un brevet, d’un certificat de protection supplémentaire délivré en vertu de la Loi sur les brevets ou des topographies de circuits intégrés enregistrées; c) une réduction des tarifs; d) la prise, en vertu de l’article 23 de la Loi sur la gestion des finances publiques, d’un décret prévoyant une ou plusieurs remises, visées dans l’ordonnance du Tribunal, de droits de douane imposés à l’égard d’un article soumis à l’accord; e) la suppression de contingents en matière d’importation ou d’exigences en matière de licences d’importation.
In any proceedings before the Tribunal or in any prosecution or proceedings before a court under or pursuant to this Act, (a) anything done, said or agreed on by an agent of a participant shall, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, be deemed to have been done, said or agreed on, as the case may be, with the authority of that participant; (b) a record written or received by an agent of a participant shall, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, be deemed to have been written or received, as the case may be, with the authority of that participant; and (c) a record proved to have been in the possession of a participant or on premises used or occupied by a participant or in the possession of an agent of a participant shall be admitted in evidence without further proof thereof and is prima facie proof (i) that the participant had knowledge of the record and its contents, (ii) that anything recorded in or by the record as having been done, said or agreed on by any participant or by an agent of a participant was done, said or agreed on as recorded and, where anything is recorded in or by the record as having been done, said or agreed on by an agent of a participant, that it was done, said or agreed on with the authority of that participant, and (iii) that the record, where it appears to have been written by any participant or by an agent of a participant, was so written and, where it appears to have been written by an agent of a participant, that it was written with the authority of that participant. Admissibility of statistics
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 1990, ch. 37, art. 32; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37; 2017, ch. 6, art. 125. Inscription des modifications 87 (1) Le Tribunal peut, par ordonnance, ordonner qu’une modification d’un accord de spécialisation inscrit soit elle-même inscrite lorsque les parties à l’accord en font la demande et après avoir, dans la mesure de ce qui est raisonnable, donné au commissaire la possibilité de se faire entendre. Radiation
(a) the Statistics Act, or is admissible in evidence in any proceedings before the Tribunal or in any prosecution or proceedings before a court under or pursuant to this Act.
Le Tribunal peut, par ordonnance, exiger la radiation du registre d’un accord de spécialisation qui y a été inscrit, ou une modification de celui-ci elle-même inscrite ainsi que de toute ordonnance se rapportant à cet accord ou à cette modification, lorsque, sur demande du commissaire, il conclut que l’accord ou la modification en question : R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45. Public register
On request from the Minister or the Commissioner (a) the Chief Statistician of Canada or an officer of any department or agency of the Government of Canada the functions of which include the gathering of statistics shall, and (b) an officer of any department or agency of the government of a province the functions of which include the gathering of statistics may, compile from his or its records a statement of statistics relating to any industry or sector thereof, in accordance with the terms of the request, and any such statement is admissible in evidence in any proceedings before the Tribunal or in any prosecution or proceedings before a court under or pursuant to this Act. Privileged information not affected
The register shall be accessible to the public. R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 2014, c. 20, s. 389. R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 2009, c. 2, s. 429. (ii) interprovincial barriers to trade, and (iii) regulatory control over entry; (d) any effect of the agreement or arrangement on the barriers referred to in paragraph (c); Facteurs à considérer
Nothing in this section compels or authorizes the Chief Statistician of Canada or any officer of a department or agency of the Government of Canada to disclose any particulars relating to an individual or business in a manner that is prohibited by any provision of an enactment of Parliament or of a provincial legislature designed for the protection of those particulars.
Pour décider s’il arrive à la conclusion visée au paragraphe (1), le Tribunal peut tenir compte des facteurs suivants : a) la mesure dans laquelle des produits ou des concurrents étrangers assurent ou assureront vraisemblablement une concurrence réelle aux entreprises des parties à l’accord ou à l’arrangement; b) la mesure dans laquelle sont ou seront vraisemblablement disponibles des produits pouvant servir de substituts acceptables à ceux fournis par les parties à l’accord ou à l’arrangement; c) les entraves à l’accès à ce marché, notamment : (i) les barrières tarifaires et non tarifaires au commerce international, (ii) les barrières interprovinciales au commerce, (iii) la réglementation de cet accès; d) les effets de l’accord ou de l’arrangement sur les entraves visées à l’alinéa c); e) la mesure dans laquelle il y a ou il y aurait encore de la concurrence réelle dans ce marché; f) le fait que l’accord ou l’arrangement a entraîné la disparition d’un concurrent dynamique et efficace ou qu’il entraînera ou pourrait entraîner une telle disparition; g) la nature et la portée des changements et des innovations dans tout marché pertinent; g.1) les effets de réseau dans le marché; g.2) le fait que l’accord ou l’arrangement contribuerait au renforcement de la position sur le marché des principales entreprises en place; g.3) tout effet de l’accord ou de l’arrangement sur la concurrence hors prix ou sur les prix, notamment la qualité, le choix ou la vie privée des consommateurs; h) tout autre facteur pertinent à l’égard de la concurrence dans le marché qui est ou serait touché par l’accord ou l’arrangement. Evidence Exception Exception Preuve
In any proceedings before the Tribunal, or in any prosecution or proceedings before a court under or pursuant to this Act, a certificate purporting to be signed by the Chief Statistician of Canada or the officer of the department or agency of the Government of Canada or of a province under whose supervision a record, report or statement of statistics referred to in this section was prepared, setting out that the record, report or statement of statistics attached thereto was prepared under his supervision, is evidence of the facts alleged therein without proof of the signature or official character of the person by whom it purports to be signed. Statistics collected by sampling methods
Pour l’application des paragraphes (1) et (2), le Tribunal ne peut fonder sa conclusion uniquement sur des constatations relatives à la concentration ou à la part de marché. Exception dans les cas de gains en efficience
Le Tribunal ne rend pas l’ordonnance prévue au paragraphe (1) dans les cas où il conclut que l’accord ou l’arrangement a eu pour effet ou aura vraisemblablement pour effet d’entraîner des gains en efficience, que ces gains surpassent et neutralisent les effets de l’empêchement ou de la diminution de la concurrence qui résulteront ou résulteront vraisemblablement de l’accord ou de l’arrangement et que ces gains n’auraient pas été réalisés si l’ordonnance avait été rendue ou ne le seraient vraisemblablement pas si l’ordonnance était rendue.
Attendance of statistician
Pour l’application du paragraphe (4), le Tribunal ne peut fonder uniquement sur une redistribution de revenu entre plusieurs personnes sa conclusion que l’accord ou l’arrangement a eu pour effet ou aura vraisemblablement pour effet d’entraîner des gains en efficience. Facteurs pris en considération
Any person against whom a record or report of statistics referred to in section 70 is produced may require, for the purposes of cross-examination, the attendance of any person under whose supervision the record or report was prepared.
Pour décider si l’accord ou l’arrangement aura vraisemblablement pour effet d’entraîner les gains en efficience visés au paragraphe (4), le Tribunal examine si ces gains se traduiront, selon le cas : a) par une augmentation relativement importante de la valeur réelle des exportations; b) par une substitution relativement importante de produits nationaux à des produits étrangers. Exception
Any person against whom a record or report of statistics referred to in section 71 is produced may require, for the purposes of cross-examination, the attendance of any person who participated in the preparation of the record or report. Jurisdiction of Federal Court
Le paragraphe (1) ne s’applique pas à l’accord ou à l’arrangement qui est intervenu ou interviendrait exclusivement entre des parties qui sont chacune des affiliées de toutes les autres. Exception
Competition
Le paragraphe (1) ne s’applique pas à l’accord ou à l’arrangement qui se rapporte exclusivement à l’exportation de produits du Canada, sauf dans les cas suivants : a) il a eu pour résultat ou aura vraisemblablement pour résultat une réduction ou une limitation de la valeur réelle des exportations d’un produit; b) il a restreint ou restreindra vraisemblablement les possibilités pour une personne d’entrer dans les Exception
No jury
The Tribunal shall not make an order under subsection (1) in respect of c) il a sensiblement empêché ou diminué la concurrence dans la fourniture de services visant à favoriser l’exportation de produits du Canada ou aura vraisemblablement un tel effet. Exception
The trial of an offence under Part VI or section 66 in the Federal Court shall be without a jury.
Le Tribunal ne rend pas l’ordonnance prévue au paragraphe (1) en ce qui touche : a) un accord ou un arrangement intervenu entre des institutions financières fédérales, au sens du paragraphe 49(3), à l’égard duquel le ministre des Finances certifie au commissaire le nom des parties et le fait qu’il a été conclu à sa demande ou avec son autorisation pour les besoins de la politique financière; b) un accord ou un arrangement constituant une fusion — réalisée ou proposée — aux termes de la Loi sur les banques, de la Loi sur les associations coopératives de crédit, de la Loi sur les sociétés d’assurances ou de la Loi sur les sociétés de fiducie et de prêt à l’égard duquel le ministre des Finances certifie au commissaire le nom des parties et le fait que la fusion est dans l’intérêt public, ou qu’elle le serait compte tenu des conditions qui pourraient être imposées dans le cadre de ces lois; c) un accord ou un arrangement constituant une fusion — réalisée ou proposée — agréée en vertu du paragraphe 53.2(7) de la Loi sur les transports au Canada et à l’égard duquel le ministre des Transports certifie au commissaire le nom des parties; d) un accord ou un arrangement constituant une entente, au sens de l’article 53.7 de la Loi sur les transports au Canada, réalisée ou proposée, autorisée par le ministre des Transports en application du paragraphe 53.7(8) de cette loi, dans la mesure où l’autorisation n’a pas été révoquée. 2009, c. 2, s. 429; 2018, c. 8, s. 115; 2018, c. 10, s. 87; 2022, c. 10, s. 263. Mergers Definition of merger R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45. (iii) in addition to or in lieu of the order referred to in subparagraph (ii), either or both Evidence R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2023, c. 31, s. 9. d) autrement que selon ce qui est prévu aux alinéas a) à c), le Tribunal peut, sous réserve des articles 94 et 95 : e) dans le cas d’un fusionnement réalisé, rendre une ordonnance enjoignant à toute personne, que celle-ci soit partie au fusionnement ou non : (i) de le dissoudre, conformément à ses directives, (ii) de se départir, selon les modalités qu’il indique, des éléments d’actif et des actions qu’il indique, (iii) en sus ou au lieu des mesures prévues au sous-alinéa (i) ou (ii), de prendre toute autre mesure, à condition que la personne contre qui l’ordonnance est rendue et le commissaire souscrivent à cette mesure; f) dans le cas d’un fusionnement proposé, rendre, contre toute personne, que celle-ci soit partie au fusionnement proposé ou non, une ordonnance enjoignant : (i) à la personne contre laquelle l’ordonnance est rendue de ne pas procéder au fusionnement, (ii) à la personne contre laquelle l’ordonnance est rendue de ne pas procéder à une partie du fusionnement, (iii) en sus ou au lieu de l’ordonnance prévue au sous-alinéa (ii), cumulativement ou non : (A) à la personne qui fait l’objet de l’ordonnance, de s’abstenir, si le fusionnement était éventuellement complété en tout ou en partie, de faire quoi que ce soit dont l’interdiction est, selon ce que conclut le Tribunal, nécessaire pour que le fusionnement, même partiel, n’empêche ni ne diminue sensiblement la concurrence, (B) à la personne qui fait l’objet de l’ordonnance de prendre toute autre mesure à condition que le commissaire et cette personne y souscrivent. Preuve
An appeal lies from the Federal Court to the Federal Court of Appeal and from the Federal Court of Appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada in any prosecution or proceedings under Part VI or section 66 of this Act as provided in Part XXI of the Criminal Code for appeals from a trial court and from a court of appeal.
Pour l’application du présent article, le Tribunal ne conclut pas qu’un fusionnement, réalisé ou proposé, empêche ou diminue sensiblement la concurrence, ou qu’il aura vraisemblablement cet effet, sans se fonder exclusivement sur des éléments de preuve relatifs à la concentration ou de la part du marché.
Proceedings under subsection 34(2) may in the discretion of the Attorney General of Canada be instituted in either the Federal Court or a superior court of criminal jurisdiction in the province but no prosecution shall be instituted against an individual in the Federal Court in respect of an offence under Part VI or section 66 without the consent of the individual. Deceptive Marketing Practices Misrepresentations to public
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37; 2023, ch. 31, art. 9. (d) any barriers to entry into a market, including (ii) interprovincial barriers to trade, and (iii) regulatory control over entry, Éléments à considérer 93 Lorsqu’il détermine, pour l’application de l’article 92, si un fusionnement, réalisé ou proposé, empêche ou diminue sensiblement la concurrence, ou s’il aura vraisemblablement cet effet, le Tribunal peut tenir compte des facteurs suivants : a) la mesure dans laquelle des produits ou des concurrents étrangers ont ou assureront vraisemblablement une concurrence réelle aux entreprises des parties au fusionnement réalisé ou proposé; b) la déconfiture, ou la déconfiture vraisemblable de l’entreprise ou d’une partie de l’entreprise d’une partie au fusionnement réalisé ou proposé; c) la mesure dans laquelle ont ou seront vraisemblablement disponibles des produits pouvant servir de substituts acceptables à ceux fournis par les parties au fusionnement réalisé ou proposé; d) les entraves à l’accès à un marché, notamment : (i) les barrières tarifaires et non tarifaires au commerce international, (ii) les barrières interprovinciales au commerce, (iii) la réglementation de cet accès, et tous les effets du fusionnement, réalisé ou proposé, sur ces entraves; e) la mesure dans laquelle il y a ou il y aurait encore de la concurrence réelle dans un marché qui est ou serait touché par le fusionnement réalisé ou proposé; f) la possibilité que le fusionnement réalisé ou proposé entraîne ou puisse entraîner la disparition d’un concurrent dynamique et efficace; g) la nature et la portée des changements et des innovations sur un marché pertinent; g.1) les effets de réseau dans le marché; g.2) le fait que le fusionnement réalisé ou proposé contribuerait au renforcement de la position sur le marché des principales entreprises en place; g.3) tout effet du fusionnement réalisé ou proposé sur la concurrence hors prix ou par les prix, notamment la qualité, le choix ou la vie privée des consommateurs; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 2022, c. 10, s. 264. Exception R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1991, c. 45, s. 46; 1996, c. 6, ss. 592, 630; c. 47, s. 716; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2000, c. 15, s. 14; 2001, c. 9, s. 57; 2007, c. 19, s. 45; 2022, c. 10, s. 88. Limitation R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45. 96 [Repealed, 2023, c. 31, s. 10] Limitation period R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 2009, c. 2, s. 430. R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 2009, c. 2, s. 430. projet ou programme et de l’entreprise qu’il concerne; b) aucun changement dans le contrôle d’une des parties à l’association d’intérêts n’a résulté ou ne résulterait de cette association; c) toutes les parties qui ont formé l’association d’intérêts sont parties à une entente écrite qui impose à au moins l’une d’entre elles l’obligation de contribuer des éléments d’actif et qui régit une relation continue entre ces parties; d) l’entente visée à l’alinéa c) limite l’éventail des activités qui peuvent être exercées conformément à l’association d’intérêts et prévoit sa propre expiration au terme du projet ou programme; e) l’association d’intérêts n’a pas, sauf dans la mesure de ce qui est raisonnablement nécessaire pour que le projet ou programme soit entrepris et complété, l’effet d’empêcher ou de diminuer la concurrence ou aura vraisemblablement pas cet effet.
(a) makes a representation to the public that is false or misleading in a material respect; (b) makes a representation to the public in the form of a statement, warranty or guarantee of the performance, efficacy or length of life of a product that is not based on an adequate and proper test thereof, the proof of which lies on the person making the representation; or (c) makes a representation to the public in a form that purports to be Concurrence (ii) a warranty or guarantee of a product, or (iii) a promise to replace, maintain or repair an article or any part thereof or to repeat or continue a service until it has achieved a specified result, if the form of purported warranty or guarantee or promise is materially misleading or if there is no reasonable prospect that it will be carried out. (1.1) For greater certainty, the making of a representation of a price that is not attainable due to fixed obligatory charges or fees constitutes a false or misleading representation, unless the obligatory charges or fees represent only an amount imposed by or under an Act of Parliament or the legislature of a province. Ordinary price: suppliers generally
Il est entendu que le présent article ne s’applique pas à l’égard de l’acquisition d’éléments d’actif d’une association d’intérêts.
Subject to subsection (3), a person engages in reviewable conduct who, for the purpose of promoting, directly or indirectly, the supply or use of a product or for the purpose of promoting, directly or indirectly, any business interest, by any means whatever, makes a representation to the public as to a price that is clearly represented to be the ordinary price at which products have been, are or will be ordinarily supplied where suppliers generally in the relevant geographic market, having regard to the nature of the product, (a) have not sold a substantial volume of the product at that price or a higher price within a reasonable period of time before or after the making of the representation, as the case may be; and (b) have not offered the product at that price or a higher price in good faith for a substantial period of time recently before or immediately after the making of the representation, as the case may be. Ordinary price: supplier’s own
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45. 96 [Abrogé, 2023, ch. 31, art. 10] Prescription 97 Le commissaire ne peut présenter une demande en vertu de l’article 92 à l’égard d’un fusionnement qui est essentiellement complété depuis plus d’un an.
A person engages in reviewable conduct who, for the purpose of promoting, directly or indirectly, the supply or use of a product or for the purpose of promoting, directly or indirectly, any business interest, by any means whatever, makes a representation to the public as to a price that is clearly specified to be the price at which the product or like products have been, are or will be ordinarily supplied by the person making the representation where that person, having regard to the nature of the product and the relevant geographic market, (a) has not sold a substantial volume of the product at that price or a higher price within a reasonable period of time before or after the making of the representation, as the case may be; and (b) has not offered the product at that price or a higher price in good faith for a substantial period of time recently before or immediately after the making of the representation, as the case may be.
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 2009, ch. 2, art. 430. Procédures en vertu des articles 45, 49, 79 ou 90.1 98 Aucune demande à l’endroit d’une personne ne peut être présentée au titre de l’article 92 si les faits au soutien de la demande sont les mêmes ou essentiellement les mêmes que ceux qui ont été allégués au soutien a) d’une procédure engagée à l’endroit de cette personne en vertu des articles 45 ou 49; b) d’une ordonnance demandée à l’endroit de cette personne en vertu des articles 79 ou 90.1.
For greater certainty, whether the period of time to be considered in paragraphs (2)(a) and (b) and (3)(a) and (b) is before or after the making of the representation depends on whether the representation relates to (a) the price at which products have been or are supplied; or (b) the price at which products will be supplied.
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 2009, ch. 2, art. 430. Conditional orders directing dissolution of a merger (i) a reduction, removal or remission, specified in the order, of any relevant customs duties, or (a) a reduction, removal or remission specified in the order pursuant to paragraph (1)(a) has occurred, or R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45. Ex parte application Terms of interim order Duration of order: inquiry Duration of order: failure to comply vraisemblablement, en l’absence d’une ordonnance provisoire, des gestes qui, parce qu’ils seraient alors difficiles à contrer, auraient pour effet de réduire sensiblement l’aptitude du Tribunal à remédier à l’influence du fusionnement proposé sur la concurrence, si celui-ci devait éventuellement appliquer cet article à l’égard de ce fusionnement; b) à la demande du commissaire, il conclut que la réalisation du fusionnement proposé serait une contravention de l’article 114. Avis
Subsections (2) and (3) do not apply to a person who establishes that, in the circumstances, a representation as to price is not false or misleading in a material respect.
Sous réserve du paragraphe (3), le commissaire, ou une personne agissant en son nom, donne à chaque personne à l’égard de laquelle il entend demander une ordonnance provisoire aux termes du paragraphe (1) un avis d’au moins quarante-huit heures relativement à cette demande. Audition ex parte
Si, lors d’une demande d’ordonnance provisoire présentée en vertu de l’alinéa (1)b), le Tribunal est convaincu : a) qu’en toute raison, le paragraphe (2) ne peut pas être observé; b) que la situation est à ce point urgente que la signification de l’avis aux termes du paragraphe (2) ne servirait pas l’intérêt public, il peut entendre la demande ex parte. Conditions d’une ordonnance provisoire
A person engages in reviewable conduct who, for the purpose of promoting, directly or indirectly, any business interest or the supply or use of a product, sends or causes to be sent in an electronic message a representation that is false or misleading in a material respect.
Une ordonnance provisoire rendue aux termes du paragraphe (1) : a) prévoit ce qui, de l'avis du Tribunal, est nécessaire et suffisant pour parer aux circonstances de l’affaire; b) sous réserve des paragraphes (5) et (6), a effet pour la période qui y est spécifiée. Durée maximale de l’ordonnance provisoire
A person engages in reviewable conduct who, for the purpose of promoting, directly or indirectly, any business interest or the supply or use of a product, makes or causes to be made a false or misleading representation in a locator. General impression to be considered
La durée d’une ordonnance provisoire rendue en application de l’alinéa (1)a) ne peut dépasser trente jours. Durée maximale de l’ordonnance provisoire
In proceedings under this section, the general impression conveyed by a representation as well as its literal meaning shall be taken into account in determining whether or not the person who made the representation engaged in the reviewable conduct.
La durée d’une ordonnance provisoire rendue en application de l’alinéa (1)b) ne peut dépasser : a) dans le cas d’une ordonnance provisoire rendue dans le cadre d’une demande ex parte, dix jours à Extension of time Completion of inquiry R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, ss. 24, 37; 2022, c. 10, s. 265. R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45. R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. Notice Granting leave Decision Limitation Inferences Sections 103.1-103.3 2002, c. 16, s. 12; 2009, c. 2, s. 431; 2022, c. 10, s. 266. 2002, c. 16, s. 12; 2009, c. 2, s. 432; 2022, c. 10, s. 267. Limitation Consultation
For the purposes of this section, (a) an electronic message is considered to have been sent once its transmission has been initiated; and (b) it is immaterial whether the electronic address to which an electronic message is sent exists or whether an electronic message reaches its intended destination.
Dispositions générales
(a) conduct any investigation that the Commissioner considers necessary to collect relevant information, using any powers that the Commissioner may use under this Act to investigate conduct that is reviewable under any of those sections; and (b) disclose the information to the government of the foreign state or to the international organization, or to any institution of any such government or organization responsible for conducting investigations or initiating proceedings in respect of the laws in respect of which the assistance is being provided, if the government, organization or institution declares in writing that (i) the use of the information will be restricted to purposes relevant to the investigation or proceeding, and (ii) the information will be treated in a confidential manner and, except for the purposes mentioned in subparagraph (i), will not be further disclosed without the Commissioner’s express consent.
est discontinuee pour une raison autre que la conclusion d’une entente, le commissaire est tenu, dans les meilleurs délais, d’en informer l’auteur de la demande. 2002, ch. 16, art. 12; 2009, ch. 2, art. 431; 2022, ch. 10, art. 266. Intervention du commissaire
Subsection (1) does not apply if the contravention of the laws of the foreign state has consequences that would be considered penal under Canadian law. Mutual assistance
2002, ch. 16, art. 12; 2009, ch. 2, art. 432; 2022, ch. 10, art. 267. Ordonnance provisoire
In deciding whether to provide assistance under subsection (1), the Commissioner shall consider whether the government, organization or institution agrees to provide assistance for investigations or proceedings in respect of any of the sections mentioned in subsection (1). Representation as to reasonable test and publication of testimonials
a) soit la poursuite d’un comportement qui pourrait faire l’objet d’une ordonnance en vertu des articles 75 à 77, 79, 81, 84 ou 90.1; b) soit la prise de mesures visées aux articles 82 ou 83.
(a) such a representation or testimonial was previously made or published by the person by whom the test was made or the testimonial was given, or (b) such a representation or testimonial was, before being made or published, approved and permission to make or publish it was given in writing by the person by whom the test was made or the testimonial was given, and the representation or testimonial accords with the representation or testimonial previously made, published or approved. Representations accompanying products
Le Tribunal peut rendre l’ordonnance s’il conclut que le comportement ou les mesures pourraient être du type visé aux alinéas (1)a) ou b) et qu’à défaut d’ordonnance, selon le cas : a) la concurrence subira vraisemblablement un préjudice auquel le Tribunal ne pourra adéquatement remédier; b) un compétiteur sera vraisemblablement éliminé; c) une personne subira vraisemblablement une réduction importante de sa part de marché, une perte importante de revenus ou des dommages auxquels le Tribunal ne pourra adéquatement remédier. Consultation obligatoire
(b) expressed on anything attached to, inserted in or accompanying an article offered or displayed for sale, Restriction its wrapper or container, or anything on which the article is mounted for display or sale, (d) made in the course of in-store or door-to-door selling to a person as ultimate user, or by communicating orally by any means of telecommunication to a person as ultimate user, or (e) contained in or on anything that is sold, sent, delivered, transmitted or made available in any other manner to a member of the public, is deemed to be made to the public by and only by the person who causes the representation to be so expressed, made or contained, subject to subsection (2). Representations from outside Canada
Le commissaire consulte le ministre des Finances au sujet de la santé financière d’une entité constituée sous le régime de la Loi sur les banques, de la Loi sur les sociétés d’assurances, de la Loi sur les sociétés de fiducie et de prêt, de la Loi sur les associations coopératives de crédit ou de la filiale d’une telle entité, avant de présenter une demande d’interdiction de poursuite d’un comportement visé aux articles 75 à 77, 79, 81, 84 ou 90.1. Duration (b) rescind the order. Application to Tribunal for extension make an application under any section referred to in paragraph (1)(a) or (b). Terms Confirming or setting aside interim order Notice c) les renseignements sont raisonnablement nécessaires pour déterminer s’il existe des motifs suffisants justifiant la présentation par le commissaire d’une demande en vertu de l’un des articles visés aux alinéas (1)a) ou b). Modalités (5.4) L’ordonnance de prolongation visée au paragraphe (5.3) est en vigueur pendant la période que le Tribunal estime nécessaire pour permettre au commissaire de recevoir et étudier les renseignements visés à ce paragraphe. Conséquences (5.5) Si une demande est présentée en vertu du paragraphe (5.1), l’ordonnance provisoire demeure en vigueur jusqu’à ce que le Tribunal décide d’accorder ou non une prolongation en vertu du paragraphe (5.3). Durée de l’ordonnance en cas de contestation judiciaire
Where a person referred to in subsection (1) is outside Canada, a representation described in paragraph (1)(a), (b), (c) or (e) is, for the purposes of sections 74.01 and 74.02, deemed to be made to the public by the person who imports into Canada the article, thing or display referred to in that paragraph. Deemed representation to public
En cas de présentation de la demande visée au paragraphe (7), l’ordonnance demeure en vigueur jusqu’à ce que le Tribunal rende une décision. Modification ou annulation de l’ordonnance
Subject to subsection (1), a person who, for the purpose of promoting, directly or indirectly, the supply or use of a product or any business interest, supplies to a wholesaler, retailer or other distributor of a product any material or thing that contains a representation of a nature referred to in section 74.01 is deemed to make that representation to the public. Certain matters need not be established
Toute personne faisant l’objet de l’ordonnance peut en demander la modification ou l’annulation au Tribunal pendant les dix premiers jours de validité de l’ordonnance. Le Tribunal : a) confirme l’ordonnance, avec, le cas échéant, les modifications qu’il estime indiquées à l’occurrence, pour une période maximale de soixante-dix jours à compter du prononcé de sa décision, s’il est convaincu qu’une des situations prévues aux alinéas (2)a) à c) s’est produite ou se produira vraisemblablement; b) annule l’ordonnance s’il n’est pas convaincu qu’une des situations prévues aux alinéas (2)a) à c) s’est produite ou se produira vraisemblablement. Avis
For greater certainty, in proceedings under sections 74.01 and 74.02, it is not necessary to establish that (a) any person was deceived or misled; (b) any member of the public to whom the representation was made was within Canada; or (c) the representation was made in a place to which the public had access. General impression to be considered
Dans les quarante-huit heures suivant le moment où il présente sa demande au titre du paragraphe (7), le demandeur en avise par écrit le commissaire. Possibilité de présenter des observations
In proceedings under sections 74.01 and 74.02, the general impression conveyed by a representation as well Competition
Dans le cadre de l’audition de la demande visée au paragraphe (7), le Tribunal accorde au demandeur, au commissaire et aux personnes directement touchées par l’ordonnance toute possibilité de présenter des éléments de preuve et 2002, c. 16, s. 12; 2017, c. 26, s. 13. Terms of interim order R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2002, c. 16, s. 13; 2015, c. 3, s. 39; 2022, c. 10, s. 268.
Interdiction de recours extraordinaire
(a) a price that is represented in an advertisement to be a bargain price by reference to an ordinary price or otherwise; or (b) a price that a person who reads, hears or sees the advertisement would reasonably understand to be a bargain price by reason of the prices at which the product advertised or like products are ordinarily supplied. Bait and switch selling
Par dérogation à l’article 13 de la Loi sur le Tribunal de la concurrence mais sous réserve du paragraphe (7), l’ordonnance ne peut faire l’objet d’un appel ou d’une révision judiciaire. Obligations du commissaire
A person engages in reviewable conduct who advertises at a bargain price a product that the person does not supply in reasonable quantities having regard to the nature of the market in which the person carries on business, the nature or size of the person’s business and the nature of the advertisement.
Lorsqu’une ordonnance provisoire a force d’application, le commissaire doit, avec toute la diligence possible, mener à terme l’enquête à l’égard du comportement qui fait l’objet de l’ordonnance. 2002, ch. 16, art. 12; 2017, ch. 26, art. 13. Ordonnance provisoire 104 (1) Lorsqu’une demande d’ordonnance a été faite en application de la présente partie, sauf en ce qui concerne les ordonnances provisoires en vertu des articles 100 ou 103.3, le Tribunal peut, à la demande du commissaire ou d’une personne qui a présenté une demande en vertu des articles 75, 76, 77 ou 79, rendre toute ordonnance provisoire qu’il considère justifiée conformément aux principes normalement appliqués par les cours supérieures en matières interlocutoires et d’injonction. Conditions des ordonnances provisoires
Subsection (2) does not apply to a person who establishes that (a) the person took reasonable steps to obtain in adequate time a quantity of the product that would have been reasonable having regard to the nature of the advertisement, but was unable to obtain such a quantity by reason of events beyond the person’s control that could not reasonably have been anticipated; (b) the person obtained a quantity of the product that was reasonable having regard to the nature of the advertisement, but was unable to meet the demand therefor because that demand surpassed the person’s reasonable expectations; or (c) after becoming unable to supply the product in accordance with the advertisement, the person undertook to supply the same product or an equivalent product of equal or better quality at the bargain price and within a reasonable time to all persons who requested the product and who were not supplied with it during the time when the bargain price applied, and the person fulfilled the undertaking. Concurrence Sale above advertised price
Une ordonnance provisoire rendue aux termes du paragraphe (1) contient les conditions et a effet pour la durée que le Tribunal estime nécessaires et suffisantes pour parer aux circonstances de l’affaire. Obligation du commissaire
Si une ordonnance provisoire est rendue en vertu du paragraphe (1) à la suite d’une demande du commissaire et est en vigueur, le commissaire est tenu d’agir dans les meilleurs délais possible pour terminer les procédures qui, sous le régime de la présente partie, découlent du comportement qui fait l’objet de l’ordonnance.
This section does not apply (a) in respect of an advertisement that appears in a catalogue in which it is prominently stated that the prices contained in it are subject to error if the person establishes that the price advertised is in error; (b) in respect of an advertisement that is immediately followed by another advertisement correcting the price mentioned in the first advertisement; (c) in respect of the supply of a security obtained on the open market during a period when the prospectus relating to that security is still current; or (d) in respect of the supply of a product by or on behalf of a person who is not engaged in the business of dealing in that product.
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37; 2002, ch. 16, art. 13; 2015, ch. 3, art. 39; 2022, ch. 10, art. 268.
For the purpose of this section, the market to which an advertisement relates is the market that the advertisement could reasonably be expected to reach, unless the advertisement defines the market more narrowly by reference to a geographical area, store, department of a store, sale by catalogue or otherwise.
Consentement 105 (1) Le commissaire et la personne à l’égard de laquelle il a demandé ou peut demander une ordonnance en vertu de la présente partie — exception faite de l’ordonnance provisoire prévue à l’article 103.3 — peuvent signer un consentement. Registration Effect of registration R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2002, c. 16, s. 14; 2009, c. 2, s. 434. Directly affected persons R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2002, c. 16, s. 14; 2009, c. 2, s. 435. Contenu du consentement
(a) adequate and fair disclosure is not made of the number and approximate value of the prizes, of the area or areas to which they relate and of any fact within the knowledge of the person that affects materially the chances of winning; (b) distribution of the prizes is unduly delayed; or (c) selection of participants or distribution of prizes is not made on the basis of skill or on a random basis in any area to which prizes have been allocated.
Le consentement porte sur le contenu de toute ordonnance qui pourrait éventuellement être rendue contre la personne en question par le Tribunal. Dépôt et enregistrement
Non-application
Le consentement est déposé auprès du Tribunal qui est tenu de l’enregistrer immédiatement. Effet de l’enregistrement
Sections 74.01 to 74.06 do not apply in respect of conduct prohibited by sections 52.1, 53, 55 and 55.1. Civil rights not affected
Une fois enregistré, le consentement met fin aux procédures qui ont pu être engagées, et il a la même valeur et produit les mêmes effets qu’une ordonnance du Tribunal, notamment quant à l’engagement des procédures.
Administrative Remedies Definition of court
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37; 2002, ch. 16, art. 14; 2009, ch. 2, art. 434. Annulation ou modification du consentement ou de l’ordonnance 106 (1) Le Tribunal peut annuler ou modifier le consentement ou l’ordonnance visés à la présente partie, à l’exception de l’ordonnance rendue en vertu de l’article 103.3 et du consentement visé à l’article 106.1, lorsque, à la demande du commissaire ou de la personne qui a signé le consentement, ou de la personne à l’égard de laquelle l’ordonnance a été rendue, il conclut que, selon le cas : a) les circonstances ayant entraîné le consentement ou l’ordonnance ont changé et que, sur la base des circonstances qui existent au moment où la demande est faite, le consentement ou l’ordonnance n’aurait pas été signé ou rendu, ou aurait été sans les effets nécessaires à la réalisation de son objet; b) le commissaire et la personne qui a signé le consentement signent un autre consentement ou le commissaire et la personne à l’égard de laquelle l’ordonnance a été rendue ont consenti à une autre ordonnance. Personnes directement touchées
Determination of reviewable conduct and judicial order
Toute personne directement touchée par le consentement — à l’exclusion d’une partie à celui-ci — peut, dans les soixante jours suivant l’enregistrement, demander au Tribunal d’en annuler ou d’en modifier une ou plusieurs modalités. Le Tribunal peut accueillir la demande s’il conclut que la personne a établi que les modalités ne pourraient faire l’objet d’une ordonnance du Tribunal.
(a) not to engage in the conduct or substantially similar reviewable conduct; (b) to publish or otherwise disseminate a notice, in such manner and at such times as the court may specify, to bring to the attention of the class of persons likely to have been reached or affected by the conduct, the name under which the person carries on business and the determination made under this section, including (i) a description of the reviewable conduct, (ii) the time period and geographical area to which the conduct relates, and (iii) a description of the manner in which any representation or advertisement was disseminated, including, where applicable, the name of the publication or other medium employed; (c) to pay an administrative monetary penalty, in any manner that the court specifies, in an amount not exceeding (i) in the case of an individual, the greater of (A) $750,000 and, for each subsequent order, $1,000,000, and (B) three times the value of the benefit derived from the deceptive conduct, if that amount can be reasonably determined, or (ii) in the case of a corporation, the greater of (A) $10,000,000 and, for each subsequent order, $15,000,000, and (B) three times the value of the benefit derived from the deceptive conduct, or, if that amount cannot be reasonably determined, 3% of the corporation’s annual worldwide gross revenues; and (d) in the case of conduct that is reviewable under paragraph 74.01(1)(a), to pay an amount, not exceeding the total of the amounts paid to the person for the products in respect of which the conduct was engaged in, to be distributed among the persons to whom the products were sold — except wholesalers, retailers or other distributors, to the extent that they have resold or distributed the products — in any manner that the court considers appropriate. Duration of order
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 1999, ch. 2, art. 37; 2002, ch. 16, art. 14; 2009, ch. 2, art. 435. Consentement
An order made under paragraph (1)(a) applies for a period of ten years unless the court specifies a shorter period.
Registration Effect of registration Notice 2002, c. 16, s. 14; 2015, c. 3, s. 40; 2022, c. 10, s. 269. Evidence R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45. PART IX Notifiable Transactions Interpretation Definitions 108 (1) In this Part, (b) in the case of an entity other than a corporation, an interest that entitles the holder of that interest to receive profits of that entity or assets of that entity on its dissolution; (intérêt relatif à des capitaux propres) Computation of time (a) Saturday; R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 26; 2018, c. 8, s. 116; 2022, c. 1, s. 270. Application --- que les jours suivants sont également des jours fériés au sens du paragraphe 35(1) de cette loi : a) le samedi; b) si le jour de Noël tombe un samedi ou un dimanche, le lundi et le mardi suivants; c) si un autre jour férié tombe un samedi ou un dimanche, le lundi suivant. Remise après dix-sept heures
No order may be made against a person under paragraph (1)(b), (c) or (d) if the person establishes that the person exercised due diligence to prevent the reviewable conduct from occurring. Purpose of order
Pour l’application de la présente partie, tout objet remis au commissaire après dix-sept heures (heure de l’Est) un jour non férié est réputé avoir été reçu par lui le jour non férié suivant.
The terms of an order made against a person under paragraph (1)(b), (c) or (d) shall be determined with a view to promoting conduct by that person that is in conformity with the purposes of this Part and not with a view to punishment.
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 1999, ch. 2, art. 26; 2018, ch. 8, art. 116; 2022, ch. 1, art. 270. Application Limite générale applicable aux parties à une transaction 109 (1) La présente partie ne s’applique pas à l’égard d’une transaction proposée sauf si les parties à cette transaction, avec leurs affiliées : a) ont au Canada des éléments d’actif dont la valeur totale dépasse quatre cents millions de dollars, calculée selon ce que les dispositions réglementaires prévoient à cette fin quant au moment à l’égard duquel des éléments d’actif sont évalués et au mode de leur évaluation, ou telle autre valeur réglementaire plus élevée; b) ont réalisé des revenus bruts provenant de ventes au Canada, en direction du Canada ou en provenance du Canada, dont la valeur totale, calculée selon ce que les dispositions réglementaires prévoient à cette fin quant au mode d’évaluation de ces revenus et à la période annuelle pour laquelle ils sont évalués, dépasse quatre cents millions de dollars, ou telle autre valeur réglementaire plus élevée. Parties à une acquisition d’actions ou de titres de participation
Any evidence of the following shall be taken into account in determining the amount of an administrative monetary penalty under paragraph (1)(c): (a) the reach of the conduct within the relevant geographic market; (b) the frequency and duration of the conduct; (c) the vulnerability of the class of persons likely to be adversely affected by the conduct; (e) the likelihood of self-correction in the relevant geographic market; (f) the effect on competition in the relevant market; (g) the gross revenue from sales affected by the conduct; (h) the financial position of the person against whom the order is made; (i) the history of compliance with this Act by the person against whom the order is made; (j) any decision of the court in relation to an application for an order under paragraph (1)(d); (k) any other amounts paid or ordered to be paid by the person against whom the order is made as a refund or as restitution or other compensation in respect of the conduct; and
Pour l’application de la présente partie, sont parties à une transaction : a) en ce qui concerne une acquisition proposée d’actions, la ou les personnes qui proposent d’acquérir ces actions et la personne morale dont les actions font l’objet de l’acquisition proposée; b) en ce qui concerne une acquisition proposée de titres de participation dans une association d’intérêts, R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 26; 2018, c. 8, s. 117. Application of Part Acquisition of assets Acquisition of shares (a) if Amalgamation b) d’autre part, en conséquence de l’acquisition proposée de ces actions, la ou les personnes se portant acquéreurs des actions en question deviendraient propriétaires d’actions comportant droit de vote de la personne morale qui, si on leur ajoutait celles dont leurs affiliées sont propriétaires, conféreraient au plus que les pourcentages ci-après des votes conférés par l’ensemble des actions de la personne morale qui sont en circulation et qui comportent droit de vote : (i) 20 %, dans le cas où certaines actions comportant droit de vote de la personne morale sont négociées publiquement, (ii) 35 %, dans le cas où aucune des actions comportant droit de vote de la personne morale n’est négociée publiquement, (iii) 50 %, si la ou les personnes en question sont déjà, avant l’acquisition proposée, propriétaires d’un pourcentage de votes supérieur à celui mentionné aux sous-alinéas (i) ou (ii), selon le cas. Fusion
For the purposes of paragraph (1)(c), an order made against a person in respect of conduct that is reviewable under paragraph 74.01(1)(a), (b) or (c), subsection 74.01(2) or (3) or section 74.02, 74.04, 74.05 or 74.06 is a subsequent order if (a) an order was previously made against the person under this section in respect of conduct reviewable under the same provision; (b) the person was previously convicted of an offence under the provision of Part VI, as that Part read immediately before the coming into force of this Part, that corresponded to the provision of this Part; (c) in the case of an order in respect of conduct reviewable under paragraph 74.01(1)(a), the person was previously convicted of an offence under section 52, or under paragraph 52(1)(a) as it read immediately before the coming into force of this Part; or (d) in the case of an order in respect of conduct reviewable under subsection 74.01(2) or (3), the person was previously convicted of an offence under paragraph 52(1)(d) as it read immediately before the coming into force of this Part. Amounts already paid
Sous réserve du paragraphe (4.1) et de l’article 113, la présente partie s’applique à l’égard de la fusion proposée d’entités dans les cas où au moins une de ces entités exploite une entreprise en exploitation ou contrôle une entité qui exploite une entreprise en exploitation, si : a) la valeur totale des éléments d’actif, au Canada, dont seraient propriétaires l’entité devant résulter de la fusion ou des entités qu’elle contrôle, autres que des éléments d’actif qui sont des intérêts relatifs à des capitaux propres de ces entités, déterminée selon les modalités réglementaires de forme et de temps, dépasse la somme prévue au paragraphe (7) ou celle obtenue par application du paragraphe (8), selon le cas; b) le revenu brut provenant de ventes, au Canada ou en provenance du Canada, et réalisé à partir des éléments d’actif mentionnés à l’alinéa a), déterminé selon les modalités réglementaires quant à la période annuelle pour laquelle il est déterminé et selon son mode d’évaluation, dépasse la somme prévue au paragraphe (7) ou celle obtenue par application du paragraphe (8), selon le cas. Limite générale applicable aux parties à une fusion (4.1) La présente partie ne s’applique pas à l’égard de la fusion proposée d’entités dans les cas où au moins une de ces entités exploite une entreprise en exploitation ou contrôle une entité qui exploite une entreprise en exploitation, sauf si chacune d’au moins deux des entités visées par la fusion, avec ses affiliées : Combination Combination (a) if A × (B / C) where au paragraphe (7) ou celle obtenue par application du paragraphe (8), selon le cas; (ii) soit le revenu provenant de ventes au Canada ou en provenance du Canada et réalisé à partir des éléments d’actif visés au sous-alinéa (i), établi selon les modalités réglementaires quant à la période annuelle pour laquelle le revenu est évalué et quant à son mode d’évaluation, dépasserait la somme prévue au paragraphe (7) ou celle obtenue par application du paragraphe (8), selon le cas; b) d’autre part, en conséquence de l’acquisition proposée de ces titres de participation, la ou les personnes se portant acquéreurs des titres de participation détiendraient ensemble des titres de participation dans l’association d’intérêts qui, en leur ajoutant ceux dont leurs affiliés sont propriétaires, leur conféreraient le droit de recevoir plus de trente-cinq pour cent des bénéfices de l’association d’intérêts ou plus de trente-cinq pour cent de ses éléments d’actif au moment de la dissolution ou, dans le cas où la ou les personnes qui acquièrent des titres de participation ont déjà ce droit, celui de recevoir plus de cinquante pour cent de ces bénéfices ou éléments d’actif. Somme — première année
In determining an amount to be paid under paragraph (1)(d), the court shall take into account any other amounts paid or ordered to be paid by the person against whom the order is made as a refund or as restitution or other compensation in respect of the products. Implementation of the order
Pendant l’année au cours de laquelle le présent paragraphe entre en vigueur, la somme correspond, pour l’application des paragraphes (2) à (6), à 70 000 000 $. Somme — années subséquentes
The court may specify in an order made under paragraph (1)(d) any terms that it considers necessary for the order’s implementation, including terms (c) requiring the person against whom the order is made to pay the administrative costs related to the payment as well as the fees to be paid to an administrator; (f) specifying the conditions for the eligibility of claims, including conditions relating to the return of the products to the person against whom the order is made; and (g) providing for the manner in which, and the terms on which, any amount of the payment that remains unclaimed or undistributed is to be dealt with.
Pendant chaque année qui suit celle au cours de laquelle le paragraphe (7) entre en vigueur, la somme correspond, pour l’application de l’un ou l’autre des paragraphes (2) à (6) : a) à la valeur réglementaire prévue à l’égard du paragraphe en question; b) dans les cas où aucune valeur réglementaire n’est prévue à son égard : (i) au résultat de la formule ci-après, calculé par le ministre au mois de janvier de l’année en question et arrondi au million le plus proche : A × (B / C) où : A représente la somme utilisée pour l’année précédente, B la moyenne des produits intérieurs bruts nominaux aux prix du marché pour les quatre derniers trimestres consécutifs, R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 27; 2009, c. 2, s. 436; 2018, c. 8, s. 118. Exemptions Acquisition of Voting Shares, Assets or Interests Acquisitions R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 29; c. 31, s. 229; 2018, c. 8, s. 119. Combinations R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45. General exemptions e) l’acquisition d’un avoir minier canadien au sens du paragraphe 66(15) de la Loi de l’impôt sur le revenu aux termes d’une entente écrite qui prévoit que le transfert de cet avoir à la ou aux personnes qui en font l’acquisition n’a lieu que dans les cas où cette ou ces personnes engagent des frais dans l’exercice d’activités d’exploration ou de développement à l’égard de cet avoir; f) l’acquisition d’intérêts relatifs à des capitaux propres d’une entité aux termes d’une entente écrite qui prévoit que les intérêts relatifs à des capitaux propres en question ne sont octroyés que dans le cas où la ou les personnes qui en font l’acquisition engagent des frais dans l’exercice d’activités d’exploration ou de développement se rapportant à un avoir minier canadien, au sens du paragraphe 66(15) de la Loi de l’impôt sur le revenu, à l’égard duquel l’entité peut exercer des activités d’exploration ou de développement, dans les cas où cette entité n’a pas d’éléments d’actif importants autres que cet avoir.
On application by the Commissioner or the person against whom the order is made, the court may vary any term that is specified under subsection (8). Deduction from administrative monetary penalty
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 1999, ch. 2, art. 29, ch. 31, art. 229; 2018, ch. 8, art. 119. Association d’intérêts Association d’intérêts : entreprises à risques partagés 112 Une association d’intérêts est exemptée de l’application de la présente partie si : a) toutes les personnes qui proposent l’association d’intérêts sont parties à une entente, écrite ou dont la préparation par écrit est proposée, qui impose à l’une ou à plusieurs d’entre elles l’obligation de fournir des éléments d’actif et qui régit une relation continue entre ces mêmes parties; b) aucun changement dans le contrôle respectif sur les parties à l’association d’intérêts ne résulte de l’association en question; c) l’entente visée à l’alinéa a) restreint l’éventail des activités qui peuvent être exercées en application de l’association d’intérêts et prévoit sa propre expiration selon un mode organisé.
(a) has been ordered to pay under paragraph 51(1)(b) of An Act to promote the efficiency and adaptability of the Canadian economy by regulating certain activities that discourage reliance on electronic means of carrying out commercial activities, and to amend the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission Act, the Competition Act, the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act and the Telecommunications Act in respect of the same conduct; or (b) has agreed in a settlement agreement to pay on account of amounts referred to in paragraph 51(1)(b) of that Act in respect of the same conduct. Restitution and interim injunction
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45. Dispositions générales Exceptions d’application générale 113 La présente partie ne s’applique pas aux catégories suivantes de transactions : (d) such other classes of transactions as may be prescribed. R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1991, c. 45, s. 550, c. 46, s. 594, c. 47, s. 717; 1999, c. 2, ss. 30, 37; 2001, c. 9, s. 580. Application of sections 114 to 123.1 2022, c. 10, s. 271. Contents of notice (2.1) The notice shall specify the particular additional information or classes of additional information that are to be supplied. (a) if duly authorized to do so, give notice or supply information on behalf of and in lieu of any of the others who are so required in respect of the same transaction; or R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 31, c. 31, s. 53(F); 2009, c. 2, s. 437; 2018, c. 8, s. 120; 2022, c. 10, s. 272. Renseignements supplémentaires
If a court determines that a person is engaging in or has engaged in conduct that is reviewable under subsection 74.011(2), it may order the person to pay an amount under paragraph 74.1(1)(d), and may issue an interim injunction under section 74.111, as if the conduct were conduct that is reviewable under paragraph 74.01(1)(a). Temporary order
Le commissaire ou son délégué peut, dans les trente jours suivant la réception des renseignements réglementaires, envoyer à la personne qui les a fournis un avis exigeant qu'elle lui fournisse des renseignements supplémentaires nécessaires à l'examen par le commissaire de la transaction proposée. Contenu de l'avis (2.1) L'avis précise les renseignements supplémentaires ou catégories de renseignements supplémentaires à fournir. Offre non sollicitée
(a) serious harm is likely to ensue unless the order is issued; and Temporary order — supply of a product (1.1) On application by the Commissioner, a court may order any person named in the application to refrain from supplying to another person a product that it appears to the court is or is likely to be used to engage in conduct that is reviewable under this Part, or to do any act or thing that it appears to the court could prevent a person from engaging in such conduct, if it appears to the court that (a) serious harm is likely to ensue unless the order is issued; and
Dans le cas où la transaction proposée est une offre d'achat visant à la mainmise non sollicitée ou hostile concernant une entité, si le commissaire reçoit les renseignements réglementaires prévus au paragraphe (1) d'une personne qui a commencé — ou annoncé son intention de commencer — une offre d'achat visant à la mainmise et qu'il n'a toujours pas reçu les renseignements réglementaires de l'entité, il en avise immédiatement l'entité et celle-ci est alors tenue de les produire auprès de lui dans les dix jours suivant la réception de cet avis. Avis et renseignements
Subject to subsection (5), an order made under subsection (1) or (1.1) has effect, or may be extended on application by the Commissioner, for any period that the court considers sufficient to meet the circumstances of the case. Notice of application
Une des personnes tenues de donner l'avis et de fournir les renseignements prévus par le présent article peut : a) à condition d'y être valablement autorisée, donner l'avis ou fournir les renseignements pour le compte et au lieu des autres personnes qui y sont tenues à l'égard de la même transaction; b) donner l'avis ou fournir les renseignements conjointement avec l'une des autres personnes.
Subject to subsection (4), at least 48 hours’ notice of an application referred to in subsection (1), (1.1) or (2) shall be given by or on behalf of the Commissioner to the person in respect of whom the order or extension is sought.
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 1999, ch. 2, art. 31, ch. 31, art. 53(F); 2009, ch. 2, art. 437; 2018, ch. 8, art. 120; 2022, ch. 10, art. 272. Avis d'acquisition antérieure 115 (1) Il n'est pas nécessaire de se conformer à l'article 114 à l'égard d'une acquisition proposée d'actions comportant droit de vote ou de titres de participation dans une association d'intérêts dans des cas où une limite prévue aux paragraphes 110(3) ou (6) serait dépassée en conséquence de l'acquisition proposée dans les trois ans qui suivent le moment où l'on s'est conformé à l'article 114 à l'égard de la même limite. Limitation R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, ss. 32, 37. If information not relevant R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, ss. 33, 37; 2009, c. 2, s. 438; 2018, c. 8, s. 121. Saving 117 (1) Nothing in section 114 requires Wholly-owning affiliate R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 2018, c. 8, s. 122. Information to be certified entité autre qu’une personne morale l’obligation de fournir des renseignements qui sont parvenus à sa connaissance uniquement parce qu’elle exerce de telles fonctions à l’égard d’une affiliée de l’entité en question, à condition que cette affiliée ne soit pas une affiliée en propriété exclusive ou une affiliée-propriétaire exclusive de cette entité. Affiliée en propriété exclusive
The court may proceed ex parte with an application made under subsection (1) or (1.1) if it is satisfied that subsection (3) cannot reasonably be complied with or that the urgency of the situation is such that service of notice in accordance with subsection (3) would not be in the public interest.
Pour l’application du paragraphe (1), une personne morale est une affiliée en propriété exclusive d’une autre personne morale si elle est la propriété véritable, directement, la propriété véritable de l’ensemble des actions comportant droit de vote en circulation de cette autre personne morale, à l’exclusion des actions qu’il faut détenir pour devenir administrateur, ou, si elle l’est, indirectement, par l’intermédiaire d’une ou de plusieurs affiliées dans les cas où, à l’exclusion des actions qu’il faut détenir pour devenir administrateur, l’ensemble des actions comportant droit de vote en circulation de ces affiliées sont détenues en véritable propriété par cette autre personne morale ou par ces affiliées entre elles. Affiliée-propriétaire exclusive
An order issued ex parte shall have effect for such period as is specified in it, not exceeding seven days unless, on further application made on notice as provided in subsection (3), the court extends the order for such additional period as it considers necessary and sufficient. Duty of Commissioner
Pour l’application du paragraphe (1), une personne morale est l’affiliée-propriétaire exclusive d’une autre personne morale si elle est, directement, la véritable propriétaire de l’ensemble des actions comportant droit de vote en circulation de cette autre personne morale, à l’exclusion des actions qu’il faut détenir pour devenir administrateur, ou, si elle l’est, indirectement, par l’intermédiaire d’une ou de plusieurs affiliées dans les cas où l’ensemble des actions comportant droit de vote en circulation de ces affiliées, à l’exclusion des actions qu’il faut détenir pour devenir administrateur, sont détenues en véritable propriété par la personne morale ou par ces affiliées entre elles.
Where an order issued under this section is in effect, the Commissioner shall proceed as expeditiously as possible to complete the inquiry under section 10 arising out of the conduct in respect of which the order was issued.
R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 45; 2018, ch. 8, art. 122. Attestation des renseignements 118 Les renseignements fournis au commissaire en application de l’article 114 sont attestés sous serment ou affirmation solennelle comme ayant été examinés par l’une ou l’autre des personnes physiques ci-après et comme étant, à leur connaissance, exacts et complets sur toute question pertinente : a) dans le cas où une personne morale les fournit, par un de ses dirigeants ou par toute autre personne physique dûment autorisée par le conseil d’administration ou tout autre organisme dirigeant de la personne morale; b) dans le cas où une entité non constituée en personne morale les fournit, par une personne physique R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 37; 2018, c. 8, s. 123. R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. 120 to 122 [Repealed, 1999, c. 2, s. 34] Waiving of waiting period Acquisition of equity interests Failure to comply (a) order the person to submit information required under subsection 114(2); (iv) any other relevant factor; or 2009, c. 2, s. 439. Exception R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45. PART X Commissioner’s Opinions Opinion binding 2002, c. 16, s. 15. References to Tribunal Reference procedure 2002, c. 16, s. 15; 2015, c. 3, s. 41; 2022, c. 10, s. 274; 2023, c. 31, s. 11. R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 37. Report to Parliament R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45; 1999, c. 2, s. 36. Exception R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 45. RELATED PROVISIONS - R.S., 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.), s. 61 - 1999, c. 2, ss. 38 to 40 - 1999, c. 2, ss. 38 to 40 - 1999, c. 2, ss. 38 to 40 --- DISPOSITIONS CONNEXES - L.R. (1985), ch. 19 (2e suppl.), art. 61 Ordonnances de la Commission 61 Pour l’application de la Loi sur la concurrence, telle que modifiée par la présente loi, une ordonnance de la Commission sur les pratiques restrictives du commerce rendue aux termes de la partie V, comme cette partie se lisait immédiatement avant l’entrée en vigueur de l’article 29 de la présente loi, ou rendue en conformité avec le paragraphe 60(1), est réputée être une ordonnance du Tribunal sur la concurrence en vertu de la Loi sur la concurrence. - 1999, ch. 2, art. 38 à 40 Titulaire de la charge de directeur 38 (1) Le titulaire de la charge de directeur des enquêtes et recherches avant l’entrée en vigueur de l’article 4 demeure en fonction comme commissaire de la concurrence visé à l’article 7 de la Loi sur la concurrence, dans sa version modifiée par la présente loi. Titulaires de la charge de sous-directeur
Statement to be included
Les titulaires de la charge de sous-directeur des enquêtes et recherches avant l’entrée en vigueur de l’article 5 demeurent en fonction comme sous-commissaires de la concurrence visés à l’article 8 de la Loi sur la concurrence, dans sa version modifiée par la présente loi. - 1999, ch. 2, art. 38 à 40 Ordonnances en instance 39 Les ordonnances rendues en vertu de l’article 34 de la Loi sur la concurrence en ce qui concerne les infractions prévues aux articles 52, 53 ou 57 à 59 de cette loi, dans leur version antérieure à l’entrée en vigueur des articles 12, 14 et 17 de la présente loi, sont réputées rendues en application de l’alinéa 74.1(1)a) de la Loi sur la concurrence, édicté par l’article 22 de la présente loi. - 1999, ch. 2, art. 38 à 40 Modification ou annulation d’ordonnances 40 Le paragraphe 34(2.3) de la Loi sur la concurrence, édicté par le paragraphe 11(2) de la présente loi, s’applique aux ordonnances rendues en application de l’article 34 de la Loi sur la concurrence avant ou après l’entrée en vigueur de l’article 11 de la présente loi. RELATED PROVISIONS — 1999, c. 2, s. 54 References to “Director” — 2009, c. 2, s. 440 — 2023, c. 31, s. 12 DISPOSITIONS CONNEXES — 1999, ch. 2, art. 54 Mentions de « directeur » et de « sous-directeur » 54 Les mentions du directeur des enquêtes et recherches et d’un sous-directeur des enquêtes et recherches dans une autre loi fédérale ou dans ses textes d’application valent respectivement mention du commissaire de la concurrence et d’un sous-commissaire de la concurrence. — 2009, ch. 2, art. 440 Accord ou arrangement conclu avant la sanction 440 Toute partie à un accord ou à un arrangement conclu avant la date de sanction de la présente loi peut, dans l’année qui suit cette date, demander au commissaire, en vertu de l’article 124.1 de la Loi sur la concurrence et sans être tenue de verser des droits, de lui donner son avis sur l’applicabilité des articles 45 ou 90.1 de cette loi, édictés respectivement par les articles 410 et 429, à l’accord ou à l’arrangement, comme si celui-ci n’avait pas encore été conclu et que ces articles 45 ou 90.1 étaient en vigueur. — 2023, ch. 31, art. 12
Any application for an injunction under subsection (1) shall include a statement that the Commissioner has applied for an order under paragraph 74.1(1)(d), or that the Commissioner intends to apply for an order under that paragraph if the Commissioner applies for an order under paragraph 74.1(1)(a).
12 Les articles 92 et 96 de la Loi sur la concurrence, dans leur version antérieure à la date d’entrée en vigueur des articles 9 et 10, continuent de s’appliquer après cette date à l’égard des transactions proposées pour lesquelles l’avis visé à l’article 114 de cette loi a été donné avant cette date, ainsi qu’à l’égard des fusionnements essentiellement complétés avant cette date. AMENDMENTS NOT IN FORCE — 2023, c. 31, s. 8 Exception — non competitors — 2023, c. 31, s. 12.1 Bill C-59 bénéfice tiré du comportement visé par l’ordonnance — devant être répartie, de la manière qu’il estime indiquée, entre le demandeur et toute autre personne touchée par le comportement.
Subject to subsection (6), the injunction has effect, or may be extended on application by the Commissioner, for any period that the court considers sufficient to meet the circumstances of the case. Notice of application by Commissioner
Subject to subsection (5), at least 48 hours’ notice of an application referred to in subsection (1) or (3) shall be given by or on behalf of the Commissioner to the person in respect of whom the injunction or extension is sought.
The court may proceed ex parte with an application made under subsection (1) if it is satisfied that subsection (4) cannot reasonably be complied with or where the urgency of the situation is such that delivery of the notice in accordance with subsection (4) might defeat the purpose of the application. of the injunction or would otherwise not be in the public interest.
An injunction issued ex parte has effect for the period that is specified in it, not exceeding seven days unless, on further application made on notice as provided in subsection (4), the court extends the injunction for any additional period that it considers sufficient. Submissions to set aside
On application of the person against whom an ex parte injunction is made, the court may make an order setting aside the injunction or varying it subject to any conditions that it considers appropriate. Obligation of Commissioner
If an injunction issued under this section is in effect, the Commissioner shall proceed as expeditiously as possible to complete any inquiry under section 10 arising out of the conduct in respect of which the injunction was issued.
The following definitions apply in this section. dispose, in relation to an article, includes removing it from the jurisdiction of the court, depleting its value, leasing it to another person or creating any security interest in it. (disposer) security interest means any interest or right in property that secures payment or performance of an obligation and includes an interest or right created by or arising out of a debenture, mortgage, hypothec, lien, pledge, charge, security, deemed or actual trust, assignment or encumbrance of any kind whatever, however or whenever arising, created, deemed to arise or otherwise provided for. (garantie) Consent agreement
Terms of consent agreement
The consent agreement shall be based on terms that could be the subject of an order of a court against that person, and may include other terms, whether or not they could be imposed by the court.
The consent agreement may be filed with the court for immediate registration.
Upon registration of the consent agreement, the proceedings, if any, are terminated and the consent agreement has the same force and effect, and proceedings may be taken, as if it were an order of the court. Rescission or variation of consent agreement or order
(a) the circumstances that led to the making of the agreement or order have changed and, in the circumstances that exist at the time the application is made, the agreement or order would not have been made or would have been ineffective in achieving its intended purpose; or (b) the Commissioner and the person who consented to the agreement have consented to an alternative agreement or the Commissioner and the person against whom the order was made have consented to an alternative order.
Unpaid monetary penalty
Where proceedings commenced under section 52 or 52.01
Appeal to Federal Court of Appeal
Appeal to provincial court of appeal
An appeal may be brought in the court of appeal of a province from any decision or order made under this Part, or from a refusal to make an order, by a superior court of the province.
Where the Federal Court of Appeal or the court of appeal of the province allows an appeal under this section, it may quash the decision or order appealed from, refer the matter back to the court appealed from or make any decision or order that, in its opinion, that court should have made. Appeal on question of fact
Matters Reviewable by Tribunal Restrictive Trade Practices
(a) a person is substantially affected in his business or is precluded from carrying on business due to his inability to obtain adequate supplies of a product anywhere in a market on usual trade terms, (b) the person referred to in paragraph (a) is unable to obtain adequate supplies of the product because of insufficient competition among suppliers of the product in the market, (c) the person referred to in paragraph (a) is willing and able to meet the usual trade terms of the supplier or suppliers of the product, (e) the refusal to deal is having or is likely to have an adverse effect on competition in a market, the Tribunal may order that one or more suppliers of the product in the market accept the person as a customer within a specified time on usual trade terms unless, within the specified time, in the case of an article, any customs duties on the article are removed, reduced or remitted and the effect of the removal, reduction or remission is to place the person on an equal footing with other persons who are able to obtain adequate supplies of the article in Canada. When article is a separate product
For the purposes of this section, an article is not a separate product in a market only because it is differentiated from other articles in its class by a trademark, proprietary name or the like, unless the article so differentiated occupies such a dominant position in that market as to substantially affect the ability of a person to carry on business in that class of articles unless that person has access to the article so differentiated. Definition of trade terms
For the purposes of this section, the expression trade terms means terms in respect of payment, units of purchase and reasonable technical and servicing requirements.
In considering an application by a person granted leave under section 103.1, the Tribunal may not draw any inference from the fact that the Commissioner has or has not taken any action in respect of the matter raised by the application.
(i) by agreement, threat, promise or any like means, has influenced upward, or has discouraged the reduction of, the price at which the person’s customer or any other person to whom the product comes for resale supplies or offers to supply or advertises a product within Canada, or (ii) has refused to supply a product to or has otherwise discriminated against any person or class of persons engaged in business in Canada because of the low pricing policy of that other person or class of persons; and (b) the conduct has had, is having or is likely to have an adverse effect on competition in a market. Order
The Tribunal may make an order prohibiting the person referred to in subsection (3) from continuing to engage in the conduct referred to in paragraph (1)(a) or requiring them to accept another person as a customer within a specified time on usual trade terms. Persons subject to order
An order may be made under subsection (2) against a person who (a) is engaged in the business of producing or supplying a product; (b) extends credit by way of credit cards or is otherwise engaged in a business that relates to credit cards; or (c) has the exclusive rights and privileges conferred by a patent, certificate of supplementary protection issued under the Patent Act, trademark, copyright, registered industrial design or registered integrated circuit topography. When no order may be made
No order may be made under subsection (2) if the person referred to in subsection (3) and the customer or other person referred to in subparagraph (1)(a)(i) or (ii) are (b) an entity and an individual who controls it or affiliated entities; or (c) directors, agents, mandataries, officers or employees of the same entity or of entities that are affiliated. Suggested retail price
For the purposes of this section, a suggestion by a producer or supplier of a product of a resale price or minimum resale price for the product, however arrived at, is proof that the person to whom the suggestion is made is influenced in accordance with the suggestion, in the absence of proof that the producer or supplier, in so doing, also made it clear to the person that they were under no obligation to accept the suggestion and would in no way suffer in their business relations with the producer or supplier or with any other person if they failed to accept the suggestion. Advertised price
For the purposes of this section, the publication by a producer or supplier of a product, other than a retailer, of an advertisement that mentions a resale price for the product is proof that the producer or supplier is influencing upward the selling price of any person to whom the product comes for resale, unless the price is expressed in a way that makes it clear to any person whose attention the advertisement comes to that the product may be sold at a lower price.
Subsections (5) and (6) do not apply to a price that is affixed or applied to a product or its package or container.
If, on application by the Commissioner or a person granted leave under section 103.1, the Tribunal finds that any person, by agreement, threat, promise or any like means, has induced a supplier, whether within or outside Canada, as a condition of doing business with the supplier, to refuse to supply a product to a particular person or class of persons because of the low pricing policy of that person or class of persons, and that the conduct of the inducement has had, is having or is likely to have an adverse effect on competition in a market, the Tribunal may make an order prohibiting the person from continuing to engage in the conduct or requiring the person to do business with the supplier on usual trade terms. Where no order may be made
No order may be made under subsection (2) in respect of conduct referred to in subparagraph (1)(a)(ii) if the Tribunal is satisfied that the person or class of persons referred to in that subparagraph, in respect of products supplied by the person referred to in subsection (3), (a) was making a practice of using the products as loss leaders, that is to say, not for the purpose of making a profit on those products but for purposes of advertising; (b) was making a practice of using the products not for the purpose of selling them at a profit but for the purpose of attracting customers in the hope of selling them other products; (c) was making a practice of engaging in misleading advertising; or (d) made a practice of not providing the level of servicing that purchasers of the products might reasonably expect.
In considering an application by a person granted leave under section 103.1, the Tribunal may not draw any Competition
Restrictive Trade Practices inference from the fact that the Commissioner has or has not taken any action in respect of the matter raised by the application. Where proceedings commenced under section 45, 49, 79 or 90.1
No application may be made under this section against a person on the basis of facts that are the same or substantially the same as the facts on the basis of which (a) proceedings have been commenced against that person under section 45 or 49; or (b) an order against that person is sought under section 79 or 90.1. Definition of trade terms
For the purposes of this section, trade terms means terms in respect of payment, units of purchase and reasonable technical and servicing requirements. Exclusive Dealing, Tied Selling and Market Restriction
exclusive dealing means (a) any practice whereby a supplier of a product, as a condition of supplying the product to a customer, requires that customer to (i) deal only or primarily in products supplied by or designated by the supplier or the supplier’s nominee, or (ii) refrain from dealing in a specified class or kind of product except as supplied by the supplier or the nominee, and (b) any practice whereby a supplier of a product induces a customer to meet a condition set out in subparagraph (a)(i) or (ii) by offering to supply the product to the customer on more favourable terms or conditions if the customer agrees to meet the condition set out in either of those subparagraphs; (exclusivité) Concurrence market restriction means any practice whereby a supplier of a product, as a condition of supplying the product to a customer, requires that customer to supply any product only in a defined market, or exacts a penalty of any kind from the customer if he supplies any product outside a defined market; (limitation du marché) (a) any practice whereby a supplier of a product, as a condition of supplying the product (the “tying” product) to a customer, requires that customer to (i) acquire any other product from the supplier or the supplier’s nominee, or (ii) refrain from using or distributing, in conjunction with the tying product, another product that is not of a brand or manufacture designated by the supplier or the nominee, and (b) any practice whereby a supplier of a product induces a customer to meet a condition set out in subparagraph (a)(i) or (ii) by offering to supply the tying product to the customer on more favourable terms or conditions if the customer agrees to meet the condition set out in either of those subparagraphs. (ventes liées)
Where, on application by the Commissioner or a person granted leave under section 103.1, the Tribunal finds that exclusive dealing or tied selling, because it is engaged in by a major supplier of a product in a market or because it is widespread in a market, is likely to (a) impede entry into or expansion of a firm in a market, (b) impede introduction of a product into or expansion of sales of a product in a market, or (c) have any other exclusionary effect in a market, with the result that competition is or is likely to be lessened substantially, the Tribunal may make an order directed to all or any of the suppliers against whom an order is sought prohibiting them from continuing to engage in that exclusive dealing or tied selling and containing any other requirement that, in its opinion, is necessary to Competition
Restrictive Trade Practices Exclusive Dealing, Tied Selling and Market Restriction overcome the effects thereof in the market or to restore or stimulate competition in the market. Market restriction
Where, on application by the Commissioner or a person granted leave under section 103.1, the Tribunal finds that market restriction, because it is engaged in by a major supplier of a product or because it is widespread in relation to a product, is likely to substantially lessen competition in relation to the product, the Tribunal may make an order directed to all or any of the suppliers against whom an order is sought prohibiting them from continuing to engage in market restriction and containing any other requirement that, in its opinion, is necessary to restore or stimulate competition in relation to the product. (3.1) For greater certainty, the Tribunal may not make an award of damages under this section to a person granted leave under subsection 103.1(7). Where no order to be made and limitation on application of order
The Tribunal shall not make an order under this section where, in its opinion, (a) exclusive dealing or market restriction is or will be engaged in only for a reasonable period of time to facilitate entry of a new supplier of a product into a market or of a new product into a market, (b) tied selling that is engaged in is reasonable having regard to the technological relationship between or among the products to which it applies, or (c) tied selling that is engaged in by a person in the business of lending money is for the purpose of better securing loans made by that person and is reasonably necessary for that purpose, No order made under this section applies in respect of exclusive dealing, market restriction or tied selling between or among entities that are affiliated. Concurrence which two entities are affiliated, an entity is affiliated with another entity in respect of any agreement between them in which one of them grants to the other the right to use a trademark or trade name to identify the business of the grantee, if (a) the business is related to the sale or distribution, in accordance with a marketing plan or system prescribed substantially by the grantor, of a multiplicity of products obtained from competing sources of supply and a multiplicity of suppliers; and (b) no one product dominates the business. When persons deemed to be affiliated
For the purposes of subsection (4) in its application to market restriction, where there is an agreement whereby one person (the “first” person) supplies or causes to be supplied to another person (the “second” person) an ingredient or ingredients that the second person processes by the addition of labour and material into an article of food or drink and that he then sells in association with a trademark that the first person owns or in respect of which the first person is a registered user, the first person and the second person are deemed, in respect of the agreement, to be affiliated.
In considering an application by a person granted leave under section 103.1, the Tribunal may not draw any inference from the fact that the Commissioner has or has not taken any action in respect of the matter raised by the application. Definition of anti-competitive act
(a) squeezing, by a vertically integrated supplier, of the margin available to an unintegrated customer who competes with the supplier, for the purpose of impeding or preventing the customer’s entry into, or expansion in, a market; (b) acquisition by a supplier of a customer who would otherwise be available to a competitor of the supplier, or acquisition by a customer of a supplier who would otherwise be available to a competitor of the customer, for the purpose of impeding or preventing the competitor’s entry into, or eliminating the competitor from, a market; (c) freight equalization on the plant of a competitor for the purpose of impeding or preventing the competitor’s entry into, or eliminating the competitor from, a market; (e) pre-emption of scarce facilities or resources required by a competitor for the operation of a business, with the object of withholding the facilities or resources from a market; (f) buying up of products to prevent the erosion of existing price levels; (g) adoption of product specifications that are incompatible with products produced by any other person and are designed to prevent his entry into, or to eliminate him from, a market; (h) requiring or inducing a supplier to sell only or primarily to certain customers, or to refrain from selling to a competitor, with the object of preventing a competitor’s entry into, or expansion in, a market; (i) selling articles at a price lower than the acquisition cost for the purpose of disciplining or eliminating a competitor; (j) a selective or discriminatory response to an actual or potential competitor for the purpose of impeding or preventing the competitor’s entry into, or expansion in, a market or eliminating the competitor from a market; and Prohibition if abuse of dominant position
(a) a practice of anti-competitive acts; or (i) that had, is having or is likely to have the effect of preventing or lessening competition substantially in a market in which the person or persons have a plausible competitive interest, and (ii) the effect is not a result of superior competitive performance. Additional or alternative order
If, on an application under subsection (1), the Tribunal finds that a practice of anti-competitive acts amounts to conduct that has had or is having the effect of preventing or lessening competition substantially in a market in which the person or persons have a plausible competitive interest and that an order under subsection (1) is not likely to restore competition in that market, the Tribunal may, in addition to or in lieu of making an order under subsection (1), make an order directing any or all persons against whom an order is sought to take actions, including the divestiture of assets or shares, that are reasonable and necessary to overcome the effects of the practice in that market.
In making an order under subsection (2), the Tribunal shall make the order in such terms as will in its opinion interfere with the rights of any person to whom the order is directed or any other person affected by it only to the extent necessary to achieve the purpose of the order. Administrative monetary penalty (3.1) If the Tribunal finds that a person has engaged in or is engaging in a practice of anti-competitive acts that amounts to conduct that has had or is having the effect of preventing or lessening competition substantially in a market in which the person has a plausible competitive Competition
Restrictive Trade Practices interest and it makes an order against the person under subsection (1) or (2), it may also order them to pay, in any manner that it specifies, an administrative monetary penalty in an amount not exceeding the greater of (a) $25,000,000 and, for each subsequent order under either of those subsections, an amount not exceeding $35,000,000, and (b) three times the value of the benefit derived from the anti-competitive practice, or, if that amount cannot be reasonably determined, 3% of the person’s annual worldwide gross revenues. (3.2) In determining the amount of an administrative monetary penalty, the Tribunal shall take into account any evidence of the following: (a) the effect on competition in the relevant market; (b) the gross revenue from sales affected by the practice; (d) the financial position of the person against whom the order is made; (e) the history of compliance with this Act by the person against whom the order is made; and Purpose of order (3.3) The purpose of an order made against a person under subsection (3.1) is to promote practices by that person that are in conformity with the purposes of this section and not to punish that person. Factors to be considered
In determining, for the purposes of subsections (1) and (2), whether conduct has had, is having or is likely to have the effect of preventing or lessening competition substantially in a market, the Tribunal may consider (a) the effect of the conduct on barriers to entry in the market, including network effects; (b) the effect of the conduct on price or non-price competition, including quality, choice or consumer privacy; Concurrence (c) the nature and extent of change and innovation in a relevant market; and (d) any other factor that is relevant to competition in the market that is or would be affected by the conduct.
For the purpose of this section, an act engaged in pursuant only to the exercise of any right or enjoyment of any interest derived under the Copyright Act, Industrial Design Act, Integrated Circuit Topography Act, Patent Act, Trademarks Act or any other Act of Parliament pertaining to intellectual or industrial property is not an anti-competitive act.
No application may be made under this section in respect of a practice of anti-competitive acts or conduct more than three years after the practice or conduct has ceased. Where proceedings commenced under section 45, 49, 76, 90.1 or 92
No application may be made under this section against a person on the basis of facts that are the same or substantially the same as the facts on the basis of which (a) proceedings have been commenced against that person under section 45 or 49; or (b) an order against that person is sought by the Commissioner under section 76, 90.1 or 92.
In considering an application by a person granted leave under section 103.1, the Tribunal may not draw any inference from the fact that the Commissioner has or has not taken any action in respect of the matter raised by the application. Unpaid monetary penalty
Definition of delivered pricing
Definition of trade terms
For the purposes of subsection (1), the expression trade terms means terms in respect of payment, units of purchase and reasonable technical and servicing requirements.
Exception where significant capital investment needed
No order shall be made against a supplier under this section where the Tribunal finds that the supplier could not accommodate any additional customers at a locality without making significant capital investment at that locality.
No order shall be made against a supplier under this section in respect of a practice of refusing a customer delivery of an article that the customer sells in association with a trademark that the supplier owns or in respect of which the supplier is a registered user where the Tribunal Foreign Judgments and Laws Foreign judgments, etc.
(a) a judgment, decree, order or other process given, made or issued by or out of a court or other body in a country other than Canada can be implemented in whole or in part by persons in Canada, by companies incorporated by or pursuant to an Act of Parliament or of the legislature of a province, or by measures taken in Canada, and (b) the implementation in whole or in part of the judgment, decree, order or other process in Canada, would (i) adversely affect competition in Canada, (ii) adversely affect the efficiency of trade or industry in Canada without bringing about or increasing in Canada competition that would restore or improve that efficiency, (iii) adversely affect the foreign trade of Canada without compensating advantages, or (iv) otherwise restrain or injure trade or commerce in Canada without compensating advantages, the Tribunal may, by order, direct that (c) no measures be taken in Canada to implement the judgment, decree, order or process, or (d) no measures be taken in Canada to implement the judgment, decree, order or process except in such manner as the Tribunal prescribes for the purpose of avoiding an effect referred to in subparagraphs (b)(i) to (iv). Foreign laws and directives
by or pursuant to an Act of Parliament or of the legislature of a province (a) as a result of (i) a law in force in a country other than Canada, or (ii) a directive, instruction, intimation of policy or other communication to that person or company or to any other person from (A) the government of a country other than Canada or of any political subdivision thereof that is in a position to direct or influence the policies of that person or company, or (B) a person in a country other than Canada who is in a position to direct or influence the policies of that person or company, where the communication is for the purpose of giving effect to a law in force in a country other than Canada, and that the decision, if implemented, would have or would be likely to have any of the effects mentioned in subparagraphs 82(1)(b)(i) to (iv), or (b) as a result of a directive, instruction, intimation of policy or other communication to that person or company or to any other person, from a person in a country other than Canada who is in a position to direct or influence the policies of that person or company, where the communication is for the purpose of giving effect to a conspiracy, combination, agreement or arrangement entered into outside Canada that, if entered into in Canada, would have been in contravention of section 45, the Tribunal may, by order, direct that (c) in a case described in paragraph (a) or (b), no measures be taken by the person or company in Canada to implement the law, directive, instruction, intimation of policy or other communication, or (d) in a case described in paragraph (a), no measures be taken by the person or company in Canada to implement the law, directive, instruction, intimation of policy or other communication except in such manner as the Tribunal prescribes for the purpose of avoiding an effect referred to in subparagraphs 82(1)(b)(i) to (iv).
No application may be made by the Commissioner for an order under this section against a particular company where proceedings have been commenced under section 46 against that company based on the same or substantially the same facts as would be alleged in the application. Foreign Suppliers Refusal to supply by foreign supplier
(a) to sell any such product of the supplier that the second person has obtained or obtains to the first person at the laid-down cost in Canada to the second person of the product and on the same terms and conditions as the second person obtained or obtains from the supplier; or (b) not to deal or to cease to deal, in Canada, in that product of the supplier. Specialization Agreements
article includes each separate type, size, weight and quality in which an article, within the meaning assigned by section 2, is produced; (article) specialization agreement means an agreement under which each party thereto agrees to discontinue producing an article or service that he is engaged in producing at the time the agreement is entered into on the condition that each other party to the agreement agrees to discontinue producing an article or service that he is engaged in producing at the time the agreement is entered into, and includes any such agreement under which the parties also agree to buy exclusively from each other the articles or services that are the subject of the agreement. (accord de spécialisation) Order directing registration
(a) the implementation of the agreement is likely to bring about gains in efficiency that will be greater than, and will offset, the effects of any prevention or lessening of competition that will result or is likely to result from the agreement and the gains in efficiency would not likely be attained if the agreement were not implemented, and (b) no attempt has been made by the persons who have entered or are about to enter into the agreement to coerce any person to become a party to the agreement, Factors to be considered
In considering whether an agreement is likely to bring about gains in efficiency described in paragraph (1)(a), the Tribunal shall consider whether those gains will result in (a) a significant increase in the real value of exports; or (b) a significant substitution of domestic articles or services for imported articles or services. Redistribution of income does not result in gains in efficiency
For the purposes of paragraph (1)(a), the Tribunal shall not find that an agreement is likely to bring about gains in efficiency by reason only of a redistribution of income between two or more persons.
Where, on an application under subsection (1), the Tribunal finds that an agreement meets the conditions prescribed by paragraphs (a) and (b) of that subsection but also finds that, as a result of the implementation of the agreement, there is not likely to be substantial competition remaining in the market or markets to which the agreement relates, the Tribunal may provide, in an order made under subsection (1), that the order shall take effect only if, within a reasonable period of time specified in the order, there has occurred any of the following events, specified in the order: (b) a wider licensing of patents, certificates of supplementary protection issued under the Patent Act or registered integrated circuit topographies; (c) a reduction in tariffs; Registration of modifications
Where, on application by the Commissioner, the Tribunal finds that the agreement or a modification thereof that has been registered (a) has ceased to meet the conditions prescribed by paragraph 86(1)(a) or (b), or (b) is not being implemented, The Tribunal may make an order directing that the agreement or modification thereof, and any order relating thereto, be removed from the register. Right of intervention
Register of specialization agreements
Non-application of sections 45, 77 and 90.1
Agreements or Arrangements that Prevent or Lessen Competition Substantially Order
(a) prohibiting any person — whether or not a party to the agreement or arrangement — from doing anything under the agreement or arrangement; or (b) requiring any person — whether or not a party to the agreement or arrangement — with the consent of that person and the Commissioner, to take any other action. Factors to be considered
In deciding whether to make the finding referred to in subsection (1), the Tribunal may have regard to the following factors: (a) the extent to which foreign products or foreign competitors provide or are likely to provide effective competition to the businesses of the parties to the agreement or arrangement; (b) the extent to which acceptable substitutes for products supplied by the parties to the agreement or arrangement are or are likely to be available; (c) any barriers to entry into the market, including (i) tariff and non-tariff barriers to international trade, (e) the extent to which effective competition remains or would remain in the market; (f) any removal of a vigorous and effective competitor that resulted from the agreement or arrangement, or any likelihood that the agreement or arrangement will or would result in the removal of such a competitor; (g) the nature and extent of change and innovation in any relevant market; (g.1) network effects within the market; (g.2) whether the agreement or arrangement would contribute to the entrenchment of the market position of leading incumbents; (g.3) any effect of the agreement or arrangement on price or non-price competition, including quality, choice or consumer privacy; and (h) any other factor that is relevant to competition in the market that is or would be affected by the agreement or arrangement.
For the purpose of subsections (1) and (2), the Tribunal shall not make the finding solely on the basis of evidence of concentration or market share. Exception where gains in efficiency
The Tribunal shall not make an order under subsection (1) if it finds that the agreement or arrangement has brought about or is likely to bring about gains in efficiency that will be greater than, and will offset, the effects of any prevention or lessening of competition that will result or is likely to result from the agreement or arrangement, and that the gains in efficiency would not have been attained if the order had been made or would not likely be attained if the order were made. Restriction
For the purposes of subsection (4), the Tribunal shall not find that the agreement or arrangement has brought about or is likely to bring about gains in efficiency by reason only of a redistribution of income between two or more persons. Factors to be considered
In deciding whether the agreement or arrangement is likely to bring about the gains in efficiency described in subsection (4), the Tribunal shall consider whether such gains will result in (a) a significant increase in the real value of exports; or (b) a significant substitution of domestic products for imported products.
Subsection (1) does not apply if the agreement or arrangement is entered into, or would be entered into, only by parties each of which is, in respect of every one of the others, an affiliate.
Subsection (1) does not apply if the agreement or arrangement relates only to the export of products from Canada, unless the agreement or arrangement (a) has resulted in or is likely to result in a reduction or limitation of the real value of exports of a product; (b) has restricted or is likely to restrict any person from entering into or expanding the business of exporting products from Canada; or Restriction (c) has prevented or lessened or is likely to prevent or lessen competition substantially in the supply of services that facilitate the export of products from Canada. (a) an agreement or arrangement between federal financial institutions, as defined in subsection 49(3), in respect of which the Minister of Finance has certified to the Commissioner (i) the names of the parties to the agreement or arrangement, and (ii) the Minister of Finance’s request for or approval of the agreement or arrangement for the purposes of financial policy; (b) an agreement or arrangement that constitutes a merger or proposed merger under the Bank Act, the Cooperative Credit Associations Act, the Insurance Companies Act or the Trust and Loan Companies Act in respect of which the Minister of Finance has certified to the Commissioner (i) the names of the parties to the agreement or arrangement, and (ii) the Minister of Finance’s opinion that the merger is in the public interest, or that it would be in the public interest, taking into account any terms and conditions that may be imposed under those Acts; (c) an agreement or arrangement that constitutes a merger or proposed merger approved under subsection 53.2(7) of the Canada Transportation Act in respect of which the Minister of Transport has certified to the Commissioner the names of the parties to the agreement or arrangement; or (d) an agreement or arrangement that constitutes an existing or proposed arrangement, as defined in section 53.7 of the Canada Transportation Act, that has been authorized by the Minister of Transport under subsection 53.7(8) of that Act and for which the authorization has not been revoked. Where proceedings commenced under section 45, 49, 76, 79 or 92
No application may be made under this section against a person on the basis of facts that are the same or substantially the same as the facts on the basis of which (a) proceedings have been commenced against that person under section 45 or 49; or (b) an order against that person is sought by the Commissioner under section 76, 79 or 92. Definition of competitor
In subsection (1), competitor includes a person who it is reasonable to believe would be likely to compete with respect to a product in the absence of the agreement or arrangement.
Order
(a) in a trade, industry or profession, (b) among the sources from which a trade, industry or profession obtains a product, (c) among the outlets through which a trade, industry or profession disposes of a product, or (d) otherwise than as described in paragraphs (a) to (c), the Tribunal may, subject to sections 94 and 95, (e) in the case of a completed merger, order any party to the merger or any other person (i) to dissolve the merger in such manner as the Tribunal directs, (ii) to dispose of assets or shares designated by the Tribunal in such manner as the Tribunal directs, or (iii) in addition to or in lieu of the action referred to in subparagraph (i) or (ii), with the consent of the person against whom the order is directed and the Commissioner, to take any other action, or (f) in the case of a proposed merger, make an order directed against any party to the proposed merger or any other person (i) ordering the person against whom the order is directed not to proceed with the merger, (ii) ordering the person against whom the order is directed not to proceed with a part of the merger, or (A) prohibiting the person against whom the order is directed, should the merger or part thereof be completed, from doing any act or thing the prohibition of which the Tribunal determines to be necessary to ensure that the merger or part thereof does not prevent or lessen competition substantially, or (B) with the consent of the person against whom the order is directed and the Commissioner, ordering the person to take any other action.
For the purpose of this section, the Tribunal shall not find that a merger or proposed merger prevents or lessens, or is likely to prevent or lessen, competition substantially solely on the basis of evidence of concentration or market share. Factors to be considered regarding prevention or lessening of competition
(a) the extent to which foreign products or foreign competitors provide or are likely to provide effective competition to the businesses of the parties to the merger or proposed merger; (b) whether the business, or a part of the business, of a party to the merger or proposed merger has failed or is likely to fail; (c) the extent to which acceptable substitutes for products supplied by the parties to the merger or proposed merger are or are likely to be available; (i) tariff and non-tariff barriers to international trade, and any effect of the merger or proposed merger on such barriers; (e) the extent to which effective competition remains or would remain in a market that is or would be affected by the merger or proposed merger; (f) any likelihood that the merger or proposed merger will or would result in the removal of a vigorous and effective competitor; (g) the nature and extent of change and innovation in a relevant market; (g.1) network effects within the market; (g.2) whether the merger or proposed merger would contribute to the entrenchment of the market position of leading incumbents; (g.3) any effect of the merger or proposed merger on price or non-price competition, including quality, choice or consumer privacy; and (h) any other factor that is relevant to competition in a market that is or would be affected by the merger or proposed merger.
(a) a merger substantially completed before the coming into force of this section; (b) a merger or proposed merger under the Bank Act, the Cooperative Credit Associations Act, the Insurance Companies Act or the Trust and Loan Companies Act in respect of which the Minister of Finance has certified to the Commissioner the names of the parties and that the merger is in the public interest — or that it would be in the public interest, taking into account any terms and conditions that may be imposed under those Acts; (c) a merger or proposed merger approved under subsection 53.2(7) of the Canada Transportation Act and in respect of which the Minister of Transport has certified to the Commissioner the names of the parties; or (d) a merger or proposed merger that constitutes an existing or proposed arrangement, as defined in section 53.7 of the Canada Transportation Act, that has been authorized by the Minister of Transport under subsection 53.73(8) of that Act and for which the authorization has not been revoked. Exception for joint ventures
(a) a project or program of that nature (i) would not have taken place or be likely to take place in the absence of the combination, or (ii) would not reasonably have taken place or reasonably be likely to take place in the absence of the combination because of the risks involved in relation to the project or program and the business to which it relates; (b) no change in control over any party to the combination resulted or would result from the combination; (c) all the persons who formed the combination are parties to an agreement in writing that imposes on one or more of them an obligation to contribute assets and governs a continuing relationship between those parties; (d) the agreement referred to in paragraph (c) restricts the range of activities that may be carried on pursuant to the combination, and provides that the agreement terminates on the completion of the project or program; and (e) the combination does not prevent or lessen or is not likely to prevent or lessen competition except to the extent reasonably required to undertake and complete the project or program.
For greater certainty, this section does not apply in respect of the acquisition of assets of a combination.
Where proceedings commenced under section 45, 49, 79 or 90.1
(a) proceedings have been commenced against that person under section 45 or 49; or (b) an order against that person is sought under section 79 or 90.1. Restriction
(a) there has occurred (ii) a reduction or removal, specified in the order, of prohibitions, controls or regulations imposed by or pursuant to any Act of Parliament on the importation into Canada of an article specified in the order, or (b) that person or any other person has taken any action specified in the order that will, in the opinion of the Tribunal, prevent the merger from preventing or lessening competition substantially. When conditional order may be rescinded or varied
Where, on application by any person against whom an order under section 92 is directed, the Tribunal is satisfied that (b) the action specified in the order pursuant to paragraph (1)(b) has been taken, the Tribunal may rescind or vary the order accordingly. Interim order where no application under section 92
(a) on application by the Commissioner, certifying that an inquiry is being made under paragraph 10(1)(b) and that, in the Commissioner’s opinion, more time is required to complete the inquiry, the Tribunal finds that in the absence of an interim order a party to the proposed merger or any other person is likely to take an action that would substantially impair the ability of the Tribunal to remedy the effect of the proposed merger on competition under that section because that action would be difficult to reverse; or (b) the Tribunal finds, on application by the Commissioner, that the completion of the proposed merger would result in a contravention of section 114. Notice of application
Subject to subsection (3), at least forty-eight hours notice of an application for an interim order under subsection (1) shall be given by or on behalf of the Commissioner to each person against whom the order is sought.
Where the Tribunal is satisfied, in respect of an application for an interim order under paragraph (1)(b), that (a) subsection (2) cannot reasonably be complied with, or (b) the urgency of the situation is such that service of notice in accordance with subsection (2) would not be in the public interest, it may proceed with the application ex parte.
An interim order issued under subsection (1) (a) shall be on such terms as the Tribunal considers necessary and sufficient to meet the circumstances of the case; and (b) subject to subsections (5) and (6), shall have effect for such period of time as is specified in it.
The duration of an interim order issued under paragraph (1)(a) shall not exceed thirty days.
The duration of an interim order issued under paragraph (1)(b) shall not exceed (a) ten days after section 114 is complied with, in the case of an interim order issued on ex parte application; or (b) thirty days after section 114 is complied with, in any other case.
Where the Tribunal finds, on application made by the Commissioner on forty-eight hours notice to each person to whom an interim order is directed, that the Commissioner is unable to complete an inquiry within the period specified in the order because of circumstances beyond the control of the Commissioner, the Tribunal may extend the duration of the order to a day not more than sixty days after the order takes effect.
Where an interim order is issued under paragraph (1)(a), the Commissioner shall proceed as expeditiously as possible to complete the inquiry under section 10 in respect of the proposed merger. Right of intervention
Advance ruling certificates
Duty of Commissioner
The Commissioner shall consider any request for a certificate under this section as expeditiously as possible. No application under section 92
General Leave to make application under section 75, 76, 77 or 79
The applicant must serve a copy of the application for leave on the Commissioner and any person against whom the order under section 75, 76, 77 or 79, as the case may be, is sought. Certification by Commissioner
The Commissioner shall, within 48 hours after receiving a copy of an application for leave, certify to the Tribunal whether or not the matter in respect of which leave is sought (a) is the subject of an inquiry by the Commissioner; or (b) was the subject of an inquiry that has been discontinued because of a settlement between the Commissioner and the person against whom the order under section 75, 76, 77 or 79, as the case may be, is sought. Application discontinued
The Tribunal shall not consider an application for leave respecting a matter described in paragraph (3)(a) or (b) or a matter that is the subject of an application already submitted to the Tribunal by the Commissioner under section 75, 76, 77 or 79. Notice by Tribunal
The Tribunal shall as soon as practicable after receiving the Commissioner’s certification under subsection (3) notify the applicant and any person against whom the order is sought as to whether it can hear the application for leave. Representations
A person served with an application for leave may, within 15 days after receiving notice under subsection (5), make representations in writing to the Tribunal and shall serve a copy of the representations on any other person referred to in subsection (2).
The Tribunal may grant leave to make an application under section 75, 77 or 79 if it has reason to believe that the applicant is directly and substantially affected in the applicant’s business by any practice referred to in one of those sections that could be subject to an order under that section. Granting leave to make application under section 76 (7.1) The Tribunal may grant leave to make an application under section 76 if it has reason to believe that the applicant is directly affected by any conduct referred to in that section that could be subject to an order under that section. Time and conditions for making application
The Tribunal may set the time within which and the conditions subject to which an application under section 75, 76, 77 or 79 must be made. The application must be made no more than one year after the practice or conduct that is the subject of the application has ceased.
The Tribunal must give written reasons for its decision to grant or refuse leave and send copies to the applicant, the Commissioner and any other person referred to in subsection (2).
The Commissioner may not make an application for an order under section 75, 76, 77 or 79 on the basis of the same or substantially the same facts as are alleged in a matter for which the Tribunal has granted leave under subsection (7) or (7.1), if the person granted leave has already applied to the Tribunal under section 75, 76, 77 or 79.
In considering an application for leave, the Tribunal may not draw any inference from the fact that the Commissioner has or has not taken any action in respect of the matter raised by it. Inquiry by Commissioner
If the Commissioner has certified under subsection (3) that a matter in respect of which leave was sought by a person is under inquiry and the Commissioner Competition
General subsequently discontinues the inquiry other than by way of settlement, the Commissioner shall, as soon as practicable, notify that person that the inquiry is discontinued. Intervention by Commissioner
Interim order
(a) to prevent the continuation of conduct that could be the subject of an order under any of sections 75 to 77, 79, 81, 84 or 90.1; or (b) to prevent the taking of measures under section 82 or 83.
The Tribunal may make the interim order if it finds that the conduct or measures could be of the type described in paragraph (1)(a) or (b) and that, in the absence of an interim order, (a) injury to competition that cannot adequately be remedied by the Tribunal is likely to occur; (b) a person is likely to be eliminated as a competitor; or (c) a person is likely to suffer a significant loss of market share, a significant loss of revenue or other harm that cannot be adequately remedied by the Tribunal.
Before making an application for an order to prevent the continuation of conduct that could be the subject of an order under any of sections 75 to 77, 79, 81, 84 or 90.1 by an entity incorporated under the Bank Act, the Insurance Companies Act, the Trust and Loan Companies Act or the Cooperative Credit Associations Act or a subsidiary of such an entity, the Commissioner must consult with the Minister of Finance respecting the safety and soundness of the entity. Concurrence Restriction
Subject to subsections (5) and (6), an interim order has effect for 10 days, beginning on the day on which it is made. Extension or revocation of order
The Tribunal may, on application by the Commissioner on 48 hours notice to each person against whom the interim order is directed, (a) extend the interim order once or twice for additional periods of 35 days each; or (5.1) The Commissioner may, before the expiry of the second 35-day period referred to in subsection (5) or of the period fixed by the Tribunal under subsection (7), as the case may be, apply to the Tribunal for a further extension of the interim order. Notice of application by Commissioner (5.2) The Commissioner shall give at least 48 hours notice of an application referred to in subsection (5.1) to the person against whom the interim order is made. Extension of interim order (5.3) The Tribunal may order that the effective period of the interim order be extended if (a) the Commissioner establishes that information requested for the purpose of the inquiry has not yet been provided or that more time is needed in order to review the information; (b) the information was requested during the initial period that the interim order had effect, within the first 35 days after an order extending the interim order under subsection (5) had effect, or within the first 35 days after an order extending the interim order made under subsection (7) had effect, as the case may be, and (i) the provision of such information is the subject of a written undertaking, or (ii) the information was ordered to be provided under section 11; and (c) the information is reasonably required to determine whether grounds exist for the Commissioner to (5.4) An order extending an interim order issued under subsection (5.3) shall have effect for such period as the Tribunal considers necessary to give the Commissioner a reasonable opportunity to receive and review the information referred to in that subsection. Effect of application (5.5) If an application is made under subsection (5.1), the interim order has effect until the Tribunal makes a decision whether to grant an extension under subsection (5.3). When application made to Tribunal
If an application is made under subsection (7), an interim order has effect until the Tribunal makes an order under that subsection.
A person against whom the Tribunal has made an interim order may apply to the Tribunal in the first 10 days during which the order has effect to have it varied or set aside and the Tribunal shall (a) if it is satisfied that one or more of the situations set out in paragraphs (2)(a) to (c) existed or are likely to exist, make an order confirming the interim order, with or without variation as the Tribunal considers necessary and sufficient to meet the circumstances, and fix the effective period of that order for a maximum of 70 days, beginning on the day on which the order confirming the interim order is made; and (b) if it is not satisfied that any of the situations set out in paragraphs (2)(a) to (c) existed or is likely to exist, make an order setting aside the interim order.
A person who makes an application under subsection (7) shall give the Commissioner 48 hours written notice of the application. Representations
At the hearing of an application under subsection (7), the Tribunal shall provide the applicant, the Commissioner and any person directly affected by the interim order with a full opportunity to present evidence and make Prohibition of extraordinary relief
Notwithstanding section 13 of the Competition Tribunal Act, an interim order shall not be appealed or reviewed in any court except as provided for by subsection (7). Duty of Commissioner
When an interim order is in effect, the Commissioner shall proceed as expeditiously as possible to complete the inquiry arising out of the conduct in respect of which the order was made. Interim order
An interim order issued under subsection (1) shall be on such terms, and shall have effect for such period of time, as the Tribunal considers necessary and sufficient to meet the circumstances of the case. Duty of Commissioner
Where an interim order issued under subsection (1) on application by the Commissioner is in effect, the Commissioner shall proceed as expeditiously as possible to complete proceedings under this Part arising out of the conduct in respect of which the order was issued. Consent agreement
Terms of consent agreement
The consent agreement shall be based on terms that could be the subject of an order of the Tribunal against that person.
The consent agreement may be filed with the Tribunal for immediate registration.
Upon registration of the consent agreement, the proceedings, if any, are terminated, and the consent agreement has the same force and effect, and proceedings may be taken, as if it were an order of the Tribunal. Rescission or variation of consent agreement or order
(a) the circumstances that led to the making of the agreement or order have changed and, in the circumstances that exist at the time the application is made, the agreement or order would not have been made or would have been ineffective in achieving its intended purpose; or (b) the Commissioner and the person who consented to the agreement have consented to an alternative agreement or the Commissioner and the person against whom the order was made have consented to an alternative order.
A person directly affected by a consent agreement, other than a party to that agreement, may apply to the Tribunal within 60 days after the registration of the agreement to have one or more of its terms rescinded or varied. The Tribunal may grant the application if it finds that the person has established that the terms could not be the subject of an order of the Tribunal. Consent agreement — parties to a private action
agreed to by the person in respect of whom the order is sought and consistent with the provisions of this Act, a consent agreement may be filed with the Tribunal for registration. Notice to Commissioner
On filing the consent agreement with the Tribunal for registration, the parties shall serve a copy of it on the Commissioner without delay. Publication
The consent agreement shall be published without delay in the Canada Gazette.
The consent agreement shall be registered 30 days after its publication unless a third party makes an application to the Tribunal before then to cancel the agreement or replace it with an order of the Tribunal.
Upon registration, the consent agreement has the same force and effect, and proceedings may be taken, as if it were an order of the Tribunal. Commissioner may intervene
On application by the Commissioner, the Tribunal may vary or rescind a registered consent agreement if it finds that the agreement has or is likely to have anti-competitive effects.
The Commissioner must give notice of an application under subsection (6) to the parties to the consent agreement.
equity interest means (a) in the case of a corporation, a share in the corporation; and operating business means a business undertaking in Canada to which employees employed in connection with the undertaking ordinarily report for work; (entreprise en exploitation) person means an entity, an individual, a trustee, an executor, an administrator or a liquidator of the succession, an administrator of the property of others or a representative, but does not include a bare trustee or a trustee responsible exclusively for preserving and transferring the property of a person; (personne) prescribed means prescribed by regulations made under section 124; (réglementaire) voting share means any share that carries voting rights under all circumstances or by reason of an event that has occurred and is continuing. (actions comportant droit de vote) Entities controlled by Her Majesty
For the purposes of this Part, except section 113, one entity is not affiliated with another entity by reason only of the fact that both entities are controlled by Her Majesty in right of Canada or a province, as the case may be.
In this Part, a time period is calculated in accordance with sections 26 to 30 of the Interpretation Act except that the following days are also considered to be a holiday as defined in subsection 35(1) of that Act: (b) if Christmas Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday and Tuesday; and (c) if another holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday. Submission after 5:00 p.m.
For the purposes of this Part, anything submitted to the Commissioner after 5:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) is deemed to be received by the Commissioner on the next day that is not a holiday. General limit relating to parties
(a) have assets in Canada that exceed four hundred million dollars in aggregate value, determined as of such time and in such manner as may be prescribed, or such greater amount as may be prescribed; or (b) had gross revenues from sales in, from or into Canada, determined for such annual period and in such manner as may be prescribed, that exceed four hundred million dollars in aggregate value, or such greater amount as may be prescribed. Parties to acquisition of shares or interest
For the purposes of this Part, (a) the parties to a proposed acquisition of shares are the person or persons who propose to acquire the shares and the corporation whose shares are to be acquired; and (b) the parties to a proposed acquisition of an interest in a combination are the person or persons who propose to acquire the interest and the combination whose interest is to be acquired.
Subject to sections 111 and 113, this Part applies in respect of a proposed acquisition of any of the assets in Canada of an operating business if the aggregate value of those assets, determined as of the time and in the manner that is prescribed, or the gross revenues from sales in or from Canada generated from those assets, determined for the annual period and in the manner that is prescribed, would exceed the amount determined under subsection (7) or (8), as the case may be.
Subject to sections 111 and 113, this Part applies in respect of a proposed acquisition of voting shares of a corporation that carries on an operating business or controls an entity that carries on an operating business (i) the aggregate value of the assets in Canada, determined as of the time and in the manner that is prescribed, that are owned by the corporation or by entities controlled by that corporation, other than assets that are equity interests in those entities, would exceed the amount set out in subsection (7) or the amount determined under subsection (8), as the case may be, or (ii) the gross revenues from sales in or from Canada, determined for the annual period and in the manner that is prescribed, generated from the assets referred to in subparagraph (i) would exceed the amount determined under subsection (7) or (8), as the case may be; and (b) if, as a result of the proposed acquisition of the voting shares, the person or persons acquiring the shares, together with their affiliates, would own or carry shares of the corporation that in the aggregate carry more than the following percentages of the votes attached to all the corporation’s outstanding voting shares: (i) 20%, if any of the corporation’s voting shares are publicly traded, (ii) 35%, if none of the corporation’s voting shares are publicly traded, or (iii) 50%, if the person or persons already own more than the percentage set out in subparagraph (i) or (ii), as the case may be, before the proposed acquisition.
Subject to subsection (4.1) and section 113, this Part applies in respect of a proposed amalgamation of two or more entities if one or more of those entities carries on an operating business, or controls an entity that carries on an operating business, and if (a) the aggregate value of the assets in Canada, determined as of the time and in the manner that is prescribed, that would be owned by the continuing entity that would result from the amalgamation or by entities controlled by the continuing entity, other than assets that are equity interests in those entities, would exceed the amount set out in subsection (7) or the amount determined under subsection (8), as the case may be; or (b) the gross revenues from sales in or from Canada, determined for the annual period and in the manner that is prescribed, generated from the assets referred to in paragraph (a) would exceed the amount determined under subsection (7) or (8), as the case may be. General limit — parties to amalgamation (4.1) This Part does not apply in respect of a proposed amalgamation of two or more entities if one or more of those entities carries on an operating business or controls an entity that carries on an operating business, unless each of at least two of the amalgamating entities, together with its affiliates, (a) has assets in Canada, determined as of the time and in the manner that is prescribed, that exceed in aggregate value the amount determined under subsection (7) or (8), as the case may be; or (b) has gross revenues from sales in, from or into Canada, determined for the annual period and in the manner that is prescribed, that exceed in aggregate value the amount determined under subsection (7) or (8), as the case may be.
Subject to sections 112 and 113, this Part applies in respect of a proposed combination of two or more persons to carry on business otherwise than through a corporation if one or more of those persons proposes to contribute to the combination assets that form all or part of an operating business carried on by those persons, or entities controlled by those persons, and if (a) the aggregate value of the assets in Canada, determined as of the time and in the manner that is prescribed, that are the subject-matter of the combination would exceed the amount determined under subsection (7) or (8), as the case may be; or (b) the gross revenues from sales in or from Canada, determined for the annual period and in the manner that is prescribed, generated from the assets referred to in paragraph (a) would exceed the amount determined under subsection (7) or (8), as the case may be.
Subject to sections 111, 112 and 113, this Part applies in respect of a proposed acquisition of an interest in a combination that carries on an operating business otherwise than through a corporation (i) the aggregate value of the assets in Canada, determined as of the time and in the manner that is prescribed, that are the subject-matter of the combination would exceed the amount determined under subsection (7) or (8), as the case may be, or (ii) the gross revenues from sales in, from or into Canada, determined for the annual period and in the manner that is prescribed, generated from those assets would exceed the amount determined under subsection (7) or (8), as the case may be. (ii) the gross revenues from sales in or from Canada, determined for the annual period and in the manner that is prescribed, generated from the assets referred to in subparagraph (i) would exceed the amount determined under subsection (7) or (8), as the case may be; and (b) if, as a result of the proposed acquisition of the interest, the person or persons acquiring the interest, together with their affiliates, would hold an aggregate interest in the combination that entitles the person or persons to receive more than 35% of the profits of the combination, or more than 35% of its assets on dissolution, or, if the person or persons acquiring the interest are already so entitled, to receive more than 50% of such profits or assets. Amount for notification
In the year in which this subsection comes into force, the amount for the purposes of subsections (2) to (6) is $70,000,000. Amount for notification — subsequent years
In any year following the year in which subsection (7) comes into force, the amount for the purposes of any of subsections (2) to (6) is (a) any amount that is prescribed for that subsection; or (b) if no amount has been prescribed for that subsection, (i) the amount determined by the Minister in January of that year by rounding off to the nearest million dollars the amount arrived at by using the formula A is the amount for the previous year, B is the average of the Nominal Gross Domestic Products at market prices for the most recent four consecutive quarters, and C is the average of the Nominal Gross Domestic Products at market prices for the four consecutive quarters immediately before the most recent four quarters. c is the average of the Nominal Gross Domestic Products at market prices for the four consecutive quarters for the comparable period in the year preceding the year used in calculating B, or (ii) until the Minister has published under subsection (9) an amount for that year determined under subparagraph (i), if the Minister does so at all, the amount for that subsection for the previous year. Publication in Canada Gazette
As soon as possible after determining the amount for any particular year, the Minister shall publish the amount in the Canada Gazette.
(a) an acquisition of real property or goods in the ordinary course of business if the person or persons who propose to acquire the assets would not, as a result of the acquisition, hold all or substantially all of the assets of a business or of an operating segment of a business; (b) an acquisition of voting shares or of an interest in a combination solely for the purpose of underwriting the shares or the interest, within the meaning of subsection 5(2); (c) an acquisition of voting shares, an interest in a combination or assets that would result from a gift, intestate succession or testamentary disposition; (d) an acquisition of collateral or receivables, or an acquisition resulting from a foreclosure or default or forming part of a debt work-out, made by a creditor in or pursuant to a credit transaction entered into in good faith in the ordinary course of business; (e) an acquisition of a Canadian resource property, as defined in subsection 66(15) of the Income Tax Act, pursuant to an agreement in writing that provides for the transfer of that property to the person or persons acquiring the property only if the person or persons acquiring the property incur expenses to carry out exploration or development activities with respect to the property; and (f) an acquisition of equity interests in an entity under an agreement in writing that provides for the creation of those equity interests only if the person or persons acquiring them incur expenses to carry out exploration or development activities with respect to a Canadian resource property, as defined in subsection 66(15) of the Income Tax Act, in respect of which the entity has the right to carry out those activities, if the entity does not have any significant assets other than that property. Combinations that are joint ventures
(a) all the persons who propose to form the combination are parties to an agreement in writing or intended to be put in writing that imposes on one or more of them an obligation to contribute assets and governs a continuing relationship between those parties; (b) no change in control over any party to the combination would result from the combination; and (c) the agreement referred to in paragraph (a) restricts the range of activities that may be carried on pursuant to the combination, and contains provisions that would allow for its orderly termination. General
(a) a transaction all the parties to which are affiliates of each other; (a.1) a transaction in respect of which the Minister of Finance has certified to the Commissioner under paragraph 94(b) that it is, or would be, in the public interest; (b) a transaction in respect of which the Commissioner has issued a certificate under section 102; (c) a transaction in respect of which the Commissioner or a person authorized by the Commissioner has waived the obligation under this Part to notify the Commissioner and supply information because substantially similar information was previously supplied in relation to a request for a certificate under section 102; and Anti-avoidance
Notice and Information Notice of proposed transaction
(a) a person, or two or more persons pursuant to an agreement or arrangement, propose to acquire assets in the circumstances set out in subsection 110(2), to acquire shares in the circumstances set out in subsection 110(3) or to acquire an interest in a combination in the circumstances set out in subsection 110(6); (b) two or more entities propose to amalgamate in the circumstances set out in subsection 110(4); or (c) two or more persons propose to form a combination in the circumstances set out in subsection 110(5). Additional information
The Commissioner or a person authorized by the Commissioner may, within 30 days after receiving the prescribed information, send a notice to the person who supplied the information requiring them to supply additional information that is relevant to the Commissioner's assessment of the proposed transaction. Unsolicited bid
If a proposed transaction is an unsolicited or hostile take-over bid in respect of an entity and the Commissioner receives prescribed information supplied under subsection (1) by a person who has commenced or has announced an intention to commence a take-over bid, the Commissioner shall, if he or she has not already received the prescribed information from the entity, immediately notify the entity that the Commissioner has received the prescribed information from that person and the entity shall supply the Commissioner with the prescribed information within 10 days after being so notified. Notice and information
Any of the persons required to give notice and supply information under this section may (b) give notice or supply information jointly with any of those others. Prior notice of acquisitions
Notice of future acquisition
Where a person or persons who propose to acquire voting shares or an interest in a combination are required to comply with section 114 because the twenty or thirty-five per cent limit set out in subsection 110(3) or the thirty-five per cent limit set out in subsection 110(6) would be exceeded as a result of the acquisition, the person or persons may, at the time of the compliance, give notice to the Commissioner of a proposed further acquisition of voting shares or of an interest in a combination that would result in a fifty per cent limit set out in that subsection being exceeded, and supply the Commissioner with a detailed description in writing of the steps to be carried out in the further acquisition. Exemption for further acquisitions of voting shares
It is not necessary to comply with section 114 in respect of a proposed further acquisition referred to in subsection (2) if (a) notice of the further acquisition is given to the Commissioner under subsection (2) and it is carried out in accordance with the description supplied under that subsection; and (b) an additional notice of the further acquisition is given to the Commissioner in writing within twenty-one, and at least seven, days before the further acquisition.
Subsection (3) does not apply in respect of a further acquisition unless the further acquisition is completed within one year after notice of it is given under subsection (2). If information cannot be supplied
If any of the information required under section 114 could not, on any reasonable basis, be considered to be relevant to an assessment by the Commissioner as to whether the proposed transaction would or would be likely to prevent or lessen competition substantially, the entity or individual who is supplying the information may, instead of supplying the information, inform the Commissioner under oath or solemn affirmation of the matters in respect of which information has not been supplied and why the information was not considered relevant. If information previously supplied (2.1) If any of the information required under section 114 has previously been supplied to the Commissioner, the entity or individual who is supplying the information may, instead of supplying it, inform the Commissioner under oath or solemn affirmation of the matters in respect of which information has previously been supplied and when it was supplied. Commissioner may require information
If an entity or individual chooses not to supply the Commissioner with information required under section 114 and so informs the Commissioner in accordance with subsection (2) or (2.1) and the Commissioner or a person authorized by the Commissioner notifies that entity or individual, within seven days after the Commissioner is so informed, that the information is required, the entity or individual shall supply the Commissioner with the information. (a) any individual who is a director of a corporation to supply information that is known to that individual by virtue only of their position as a director of an affiliate of the corporation that is neither a wholly-owned affiliate nor a wholly-owning affiliate of the corporation; or (b) any individual who, in respect of an entity other than a corporation, serves in a capacity similar to that of a director to supply information that is known to that individual by virtue only of their serving in that capacity with respect to an affiliate of the entity that is neither a wholly-owned affiliate nor a wholly-owning affiliate of the entity. Wholly-owned affiliate
For the purposes of subsection (1), one corporation is the wholly-owned affiliate of another corporation if all its outstanding voting shares, other than shares necessary to qualify persons as directors, are beneficially owned by that other corporation directly, or indirectly through one or more affiliates where all the outstanding voting shares of the affiliates, other than shares necessary to qualify persons as directors, are beneficially owned by that other corporation or each other.
For the purposes of subsection (1), one corporation is the wholly-owning affiliate of another corporation if it beneficially owns all the outstanding voting shares of that other corporation, other than shares necessary to qualify persons as directors, directly, or indirectly through one or more affiliates where all the outstanding voting shares of the affiliates, other than shares necessary to qualify persons as directors, are beneficially owned by the corporation or each other.
(a) in the case of a corporation supplying the information, by an officer of the corporation or other person duly authorized by the board of directors or other governing body of the corporation; (b) in the case of an entity other than a corporation supplying the information, by an individual who serves in a capacity similar to that of an officer of a corporation or other individual duly authorized by the governing body of that entity; (c) in the case of an individual supplying the information, by that individual. Where transaction not completed
Completion of Proposed Transactions Time when transaction may not proceed
(a) 30 days after the day on which the information required under subsection 114(1) has been received by the Commissioner, if the Commissioner has not, within that time, required additional information to be supplied under subsection 114(2); or (b) 30 days after the day on which the information required under subsection 114(2) has been received by the Commissioner, if the Commissioner has within the 30-day period referred to in paragraph (a) required additional information to be supplied under subsection 114(2).
A proposed transaction referred to in section 114 may be completed before the end of a period referred to in subsection (1) if, before the end of that period, the Commissioner or a person authorized by the Commissioner notifies the parties to the transaction that the Commissioner does not, at that time, intend to make an application under section 92 in respect of that proposed transaction.
In the case of an acquisition of equity interests to which subsection 114(3) applies, the periods referred to
(b) issue an interim order prohibiting any person from doing anything that it appears to the court may constitute or be directed toward the completion or implementation of the proposed transaction; (c) in the case of a completed transaction, order any party to the transaction or any other person, in any manner that the court directs, to dissolve the merger or to dispose of assets or shares designated by the court; (d) in the case of a completed transaction, order the person to pay, in any manner that the court specifies, an administrative monetary penalty in an amount not exceeding $10,000 for each day on which they have failed to comply with section 123, determined by the court after taking into account any evidence of the following: (i) the person’s financial position, (ii) the person’s history of compliance with this Act, (iii) the duration of the period of non-compliance, and (e) grant any other relief that the court considers appropriate. Purpose of order
The terms of an order under paragraph (1)(d) shall be determined with a view to promoting conduct by the person that is in conformity with the purposes of this Part and not with a view to punishment. Unpaid monetary penalty
The amount of an administrative monetary penalty imposed under paragraph (1)(d) is a debt due to Her Majesty in right of Canada and may be recovered as such from the person in a court of competent jurisdiction. Definition of court
In this section, court means the Tribunal, the Federal Court or the superior court of a province. Regulations Regulations
Publication of proposed regulations
Subject to subsection (3), a copy of each regulation that the Governor in Council proposes to make under subsection (1) shall be published in the Canada Gazette at least sixty days before the proposed effective date thereof and a reasonable opportunity shall be afforded to interested persons to make representations with respect thereto.
No proposed regulation need be published under subsection (2) if it has previously been published pursuant to that subsection, whether or not it has been amended as a result of representations made pursuant to that subsection. General Application for written opinion
If all the material facts have been submitted by or on behalf of an applicant for an opinion and they are accurate, a written opinion provided under this section is binding on the Commissioner. It remains binding for so long as the material facts on which the opinion was based remain substantially unchanged and the conduct or practice is carried out substantially as proposed. Reference if parties agree
Reference by Commissioner
The Commissioner may, at any time, refer to the Tribunal for determination a question of law, jurisdiction, practice or procedure, in relation to the application or interpretation of Parts VII.1 to IX. Reference by agreement of parties to a private action
A person granted leave under section 103.1 and the person against whom an order is sought under section 75, 76, 77 or 79 may by agreement refer to the Tribunal for determination any question of law, or mixed law and fact, in relation to the application or interpretation of Part VIII, if the Tribunal grants them leave. They must send a notice of their application for leave to the Commissioner, who may intervene in the proceedings.
The Tribunal shall decide the questions referred to it informally and expeditiously, in accordance with any rules on references made under section 16 of the *Competition Tribunal Act*. Representations to Boards, Commissions or Other Tribunals Representations to federal boards, etc.
Definition of federal board, commission or other tribunal
For the purposes of this section, federal board, commission or other tribunal means any board, commission, tribunal or person that carries on regulatory activities and is expressly charged by or pursuant to an enactment of Parliament with the responsibility of making decisions or recommendations related directly or indirectly to the production, supply, acquisition or distribution of a product. Representations to provincial boards, etc.
Definition of provincial board, commission or other tribunal
For the purposes of this section, provincial board, commission or other tribunal means any board, commission, tribunal or person that carries on regulatory activities and is expressly charged by or pursuant to an enactment of the legislature of a province with the responsibility of making decisions or recommendations related directly or indirectly to the production, supply, acquisition or distribution of a product. Annual report
Regulations
Publication of proposed regulations
Subject to subsection (3), a copy of each regulation that the Governor in Council proposes to make under subsection (1) shall be published in the Canada Gazette at least sixty days before the proposed effective date thereof and a reasonable opportunity shall be afforded to interested persons to make representations with respect thereto.
No proposed regulation need be published under subsection (2) if it has previously been published pursuant to that subsection, whether or not it has been amended as a result of representations made pursuant to that subsection. Orders of the Commission
Person holding office of Director
Persons holding office as Deputy Director
Every person holding the office of Deputy Director of Investigation and Research immediately before the coming into force of section 5 shall continue in office as a Deputy Commissioner of Competition referred to in section 8 of the Competition Act, as amended by this Act. Outstanding prohibition orders
Variation or rescission of orders
Competition
Agreements or arrangements entered into before royal assent
Sections 92 and 96 of the Competition Act
Concurrence
(1.1) If the Tribunal finds that a significant purpose of the agreement or arrangement, or any part of it, is to prevent or lessen competition in any market, it may make an order under subsection (1) even if none of the persons referred to in that subsection are competitors. (1.1) Subsections 90.1(4) to (6) of the Act are repealed.
Subsection 90.1(11) of the Act is replaced by the following: Definition of competitor
In subsections (1) and (1.1), competitor includes a person who it is reasonable to believe would be likely to compete with respect to a product in the absence of the agreement or arrangement.
Additional order — person granted leave (4.1) If, as the result of an application by a person granted leave under section 103.1, the Tribunal finds that the person has engaged in or is engaging in a practice of anti-competitive acts that amounts to conduct that has or is having the effect of preventing or lessening competition substantially in a market in which the person has a plausible competitive interest and it makes an order under subsection (1) or (2) against the person, it may also order the person against whom the order is made to pay an amount, not exceeding the value of the benefit derived. from the conduct that is the subject of the order, to be distributed among the applicant and any other person affected by the conduct, in any manner that the Tribunal considers appropriate.