GLOSSARY

GLOSSARY

GLOSSARY ABUTMENT - A form of a semi-permanent or permanent structure constructed along a property line, usually of masonry or reinforced concrete or other fire-rated material where absolutely no form of permitted opening, whether temporary/permanent or operable/inoperable, is allowed on it. A vent well with a clear width of 1.00 meter is the only permitted opening in an abutment or firewall. ACCIDENTAL CONTACT - Any unplanned physical contact with the power transmission equipment, prime movers. Machine parts which could result from slipping or any other unplanned action or movement. ADVERTISING SIGN - A sign that directs attention to a business, profession, commodity, service or entertainment conducted, sold or offered at a place other than where the business, profession, etc., is located; An off-premise sign. AERODROME - A defined area on a land or water (including any buildings, installations, and equipment) intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and surface movement of aircraft. AIR CONDITIONING (AC) - The process of treating air so as to control simultaneously its temperature, humidity, cleanliness, and distribution to meet the requirements of the conditioned space. AIR RIGHTS – The right to physically develop and subsequently benefit or profit from the use of the air space above the road right-of-way (RROW). The upper limit of the air rights is the airways navigational path such as those clearance limits of aerodrome and flight patterns, and below grade development limit is the ground water table. ALLOWABLE MAXIMUM BUILDING FOOTPRINT (AMBF) - The maximum portion of the lot that may be occupied by the building/structure at grade level after satisfying setback, yard and court requirements. The area of the AMBF is measured from the outermost face of the exterior walls of the proposed building/structure. The AMBF is the true buildable area on which a fully enclosed building/structure can be erected. The AMBF shall exclude provisions for courts at grade level. ALLOWABLE MAXIMUM VOLUME OF BUILDING (AMVB) Above-Grade - The limit of the total volume of space that can be occupied by a proposed building/structure above grade level. The AMVB is an imaginary prism within which the fully enclosed areas and courts of a proposed building/structure shall fit. It is generally determined by multiplying the AMBF for the lot by the applicable building height limit (BHL) for the lot and thereafter deducting the volume of space at the top part of the prism to satisfy natural light and ventilation requirements for RROW and front yards and to satisfy incremental setback requirements. The AMVB is expressed in cubic meters. APPROACH/DEPARTURE SURFACE - That area with an edge located at the end of a clearway or stopway when such is provided or at a distance of 60.00 meters from the end of the runway, perpendicular and symmetrical about the prolongation of the runway centerline, both sides of which have a divergence towards the outside which are as follows, and with the inner edge as a short base of the isosceles trapezoid thus formed: a. For aerodromes where turbo-jet aircraft operates, the divergence shall be 15%; and b. For aerodromes where no turbo-jet aircraft operates, the divergence shall be 10%. ARCADE - A roofed or covered sidewalk. ARCADE STRUCTURE - Any semi-enclosed or enclosed and usable or habitable building projection constructed in the airspace above the arcade and therefore utilizing the air rights above the road right-of- way (RROW), in case the arcade is part of the RROW. In such a case, the usage of RROW air rights shall be compensated by the proponent/beneficiary. AUTHORIZED INSPECTOR - A licensed professional mechanical engineer with at least 10 years of relevant experience in construction, operation, inspection and maintenance of machinery or equipment and/or mechanical processes, works, projects or plants. AUTOMATIC FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM - An engineered system to detect automatically and suppress fire through fixed piping and nozzles using carbon dioxide, foam, dry or wet chemical, clean or halogenated extinguishing agents or an automatic sprinkler system. AWNING - A movable shelter supported entirely from an exterior wall of a building and of a type which can be retracted, folded, or collapsed against the face of a supporting building. BASEMENT/BASEMENT LEVEL - The portion of the building/structure below natural/ finished grade. BASEMENT FOOTPRINT - The actual land area occupied by the basement component of the building/structure at below-grade level. It is measured from the outermost face of the basement walls of the building/structure. BILLBOARD - A panel for posting bills or posters. BOILER OR STEAM GENERATOR - A closed vessel intended for use in heating water or for application of heat to generate steam or other vapor to be used externally from itself. BUFFER - A device designed to stop a descending car or counterweight beyond its lowest limit of travel by absorbing the momentum of descent of the car or counterweight. BUILDING/STRUCTURE - A three-dimensional physical development erected within a lot or property or any combination of or all of its three different levels (at grade, below grade, above grade). The term buildings/structures as used in the Code shall invariably refer to both proposed and existing physical developments within a lot. BUILDING BULK - The overall size of a proposed building/structure as initially characterized by the expanse of its gross floor area (GFA) or total gross floor area (TGFA), by the overall dimensions of its allowable maximum building footprint (AMBF), by its height as dictated by the building height limit (BHL) and also by the extent of allowable building projections (if these are large enough to host certain types of activities). The building bulk, expressed in cubic meters, must not exceed the established AMVB above grade. All measurements pertaining to building bulk shall be made from the outermost faces of the exterior walls and roof or from the most bottom surface of the lowermost floor of the building/structure (including those below grade). BUILDING HEIGHT LIMIT (BHL) - The maximum height to be allowed for buildings/ structures based on their proposed use or occupancy; the BHL is generally determined after the application of other development control (DC) and certain other parameters, i.e., considerations of site conditions, view, etc.. The BHL shall be generally measured from the established grade line to the topmost portion of the proposed building/structure. BUILDING LINE - The line formed by the intersection of the outer surface of the enclosing wall of the building and the surface of the ground. BUSINESS SIGN - An accessory sign that directs attention to a profession, business, commodity, service or entertainment conducted, sold or offered in the same place where the business is located; An identification or on-premise sign. CANOPY (or MARQUEE) - A permanent roofed structure above a door attached to and supported by the building and projecting over a wall or sidewalk. CAPACITY OF WORKS, PROJECT OR PLANT - The total horsepower of all engines, motors, turbines or other prime movers installed, whether in operation or not. CAR, ELEVATOR - The load-carrying unit including its platform, enclosure and door or gate. CEMETERY - Public or private land used for the burial of the dead and other uses dedicated for cemetery purposes, to include landscaped grounds, driveways, walks, columbaria, crematories, mortuaries, mausoleums, niches, graveyards, and public comfort rooms and off-street parking lots. CINERARIUM - A niche in a tomb or columbarium to accommodate an urn containing the ashes of a cremated body. CINERARY REMAINS - The ashes resulting from cremation of a dead body. CLEARWAY - A defined rectangular area on the ground or water at the end of a runway in the direction of take-off and under the control of appropriate authority, selected or prepared as a suitable area over which an aircraft may make a portion of its initial climb to a specified height. COLUMBARIUM - A sepulcher with niches for cinerary remains. COMPRESSOR - A mechanical device used in refrigeration system for the purpose of increasing the pressure upon the refrigerant. CONDEMNED BOILER OR UNFIRED PRESSURE VESSEL - A boiler or unfired pressure vessel that has been inspected and declared unsafe to operate or disqualified stamped and marked indicating its rejection by qualified inspecting authority. CONDENSER - A vessel or arrangement of pipes or tubing in which vaporized refrigerant is liquefied by the removal of heat. CONICAL SURFACE - A specified surface sloping upwards and outwards from the periphery of the Inner Horizontal Surface with limits which shall comprise: a. A lower edge coincident with the periphery of the Inner Horizontal Surface; and b. An upper edge located at a specified height above the Inner Horizontal Surface. Its slope measured in a vertical plane perpendicular to the periphery of the Inner Horizontal Surface shall be 5% (1:20) measured above the horizontal in the same vertical plane. COURT - An unoccupied space between the faces of the building lines and a yard or another court, free, open and unobstructed from the ground upward. INNER COURT - A court bounded on all sides or around its periphery by building lines. OPEN COURT - A court bounded on three sides by building lines with one (1) side bounded by another open space whether public or private. THROUGH COURT - A court bounded on two (2) opposite sides by building lines with the other opposite sides bounded by other open spaces whether public or private. COURTYARD - A portion of a yard for which the permitted limit of paving/hardscaping shall not exceed 50% of the area of the yard. CRANE - A machine for lifting or lowering a load and moving it horizontally in which the hoisting mechanism is an integral part of the machine. It may be driven manually or by power and may be a fixed or mobile machine, but does not include stackers, or lift trucks. CREMATORIUM - Any designated place duly authorized by law to cremate dead persons. DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS (DC) - A set of inter-acting regulations concerning the physical utilization of a lot and likewise governing the planning/design of spaces and/or the use or occupancy of a building/structure to be introduced (or already existing) on a lot; Development Controls help determine in detail the Development Potential and/or the Carrying Capacity of all lots and/or of proposed developments on lots. DIRECT COUPLE - The system of driver-driven connection where the rotation of the driver is at the same axis as that of the driven along the same axis at the same speed. DISPLAY SIGN - Any material, device or structure that is arranged, intended, designed, or used as an advertisement, announcement or directory that includes a sign, sign screen, billboard or advertising device of any kind. DISPLAY STAND - Any movable structure, table, showcase, cabinet and the like where goods or periodicals are displayed. DISPLAY SURFACE - The entire area enclosed by the extreme limits or perimeter of a sign. DISPLAY WINDOW - That portion of a building abutting the sidewalk open to public view protected by grilles, screens or transparent materials for the display of goods. DUCT - A passageway made of sheet metal or other suitable material not necessarily leak tight, for conveying air or other gases at low pressure. DUMBWAITER - A hoisting mechanism design to materials and other loads such as food, laundry, etc., equipped with a car, which moves in fixed guides and serves two or more fixed landings through a hoistway. This equipment shall be designed to carry small materials in a car, or partitioned or shelved enclosure measuring no more than 0.86 sq. meters of net platform area; with a maximum height of 1.20 meters and a maximum rated capacity of 225 kilograms. EASEMENT - A kind of public open space defined under the Water Code and other laws that must be absolutely free of all forms of physical obstructions that can negatively affect natural light and ventilation within such space or that can impede access to or the full recreational use of such space by the general public. It is the area that may lie between the legally usable portions of a public or private property and natural or man-built bodies of water such as seas, rivers, lakes, esteros, canals, waterways, floodways, spillways and the like. ELECTRICAL SIGN - Any sign which has characters, letters, figures, designs, faces, backgrounds or outline illuminated by incandescent or fluorescent lamps or luminous tubes as part of the sign proper. These light sources are external or internal. ELEVATOR - A hoisting and lowering mechanism other than a dumbwaiter or freight elevator which is designed to carry passanger or authorized personnel, in a protected enclosure (elevator car) which moves along fixed guides in a vertical direction serving two or more fixed landings/floors on a hoistway. ELEVATOR LANDING - That portion of a floor, balcony or platform for loading or discharging passengers or freight to or from the elevator. ELEVATOR WIRE ROPES - Steel wire ropes attached to the car frame or passing around sheaves attached to the car frame from which elevator/dumbwaiter cars and their counterweights are suspended. ENCLOSED - Means that the moving parts of a machine are so guarded that physical contact by any part of the human body is precluded or prevented. This does not, however, prohibit the use of hinged, sliding or otherwise removable doors or sections to permit inspection, lubrication or proper maintenance. ESCALATOR - A power driven, inclined, continuous stairway for raising or lowering passengers. ESTABLISHED GRADE ELEVATION - The point of reference on the highest adjoining natural grade (ground surface), as established by the proper government authority. However, in case of sloping natural grade (ground surface) where the edges of the buildable area running perpendicular to the road has a difference in elevation of more than 3.00 meters, the average natural grade (ground surface) level of the buildable area shall be considered the established elevation. EVAPORATION - That part of the airconditioning/refrigeration system in which liquid refrigerant is vaporized to produce refrigeration. EXTERNAL INSPECTION - An inspection made on a boiler during operation. FIREWALL - A reinforced masonry or reinforced concrete separator with the appropriate fire-resistive rating and which shall be positioned between dwelling units or between buildings/structures to maintain the fire integrity of each building/structure. Firewalls, particularly those erected above or along property lines, shall have absolutely no openings, except for permitted vent wells and shall extend above the roof from 400 millimeters to 1000 millimeters. FLOOR-TO-FLOOR HEIGHT - The perpendicular distance or vertical measurement between the uppermost surfaces (finish level) of two (2) successive floors of a proposed building/structure. FLOOR PLATE - The gross expanse of a floor measured from the outermost edges of floor slabs and which may or may not be representative of the typical floor of a proposed building/structure. FLOOR TO LOT AREA RATIO (FLAR) or FLOOR AREA RATIO (FAR) - The ratio between the Gross Floor Area (GFA) of a building/structure and the Total Lot Area (TLA) of the lot/property on which it stands. The FLAR is determined by dividing the GFA of a building/structure by the TLA. The GFA of any proposed or existing building/structure should not exceed the prescribed FLAR multiplied by the TLA. FREIGHT LOADING/UNLOADING SPACE - Loading/unloading and ancillary spaces that are all located outside the roadway/ carriageway component of the road right-of-way (RROW). Freight loading/unloading spaces may also refer to spaces that may still be located within the shoulder and that such spaces shall not occupy paved sidewalk/arcade areas intended solely for use by pedestrians or by the disabled in transit. FRONT YARD - The part of the required Total Open Space within Lot (TOSL) created by setbacks along RROW. The front yard shall not be used as parking space as it is to be used as the transition area between the sidewalk or other similar portions of the RROW and the building/structure. Driveways, spaces for parking of a very temporary nature and hard and soft landscaping may be introduced for the front yard. FRONT OF LOT - The side of a lot on which the main pedestrian and vehicular access into the property shall be situated. In the case of all classes of corner lots, both sides shall be treated as fronts of lot. GRADE - The lowest point of elevation of the finished surface of the ground between the exterior wall of a building and a point 1.50 meters distant from said wall, or the lowest point of elevation of the finished surface of the ground between the exterior wall of a building and a property line, if it is less than 1.50 meters distant from said wall. In case walls are parallel to and within 1.50 meters of a public sidewalk, alley or other public way, the grade shall be the elevation of the sidewalk, alley or public way. GRAVEYARD - A cemetery or portion of a cemetery reserved for ground interments or burials. GROSS FLOOR AREA (GFA) - The total floor space within the perimeter of the permanent external building walls (inclusive of main and auxiliary buildings) such as office areas, residential areas, corridors, lobbies and mezzanine level/s. GROUND SIGN - A sign with its support resting on the ground, the base of which ranges from a single pole (plyon) and does not exceed 10.00 sq. meters as one (1) unit. GUARDED - Shielded, fenced or otherwise protected by means of suitable enclosure guards, covers or standard railings, so as to preclude the possibility of accidental contact or dangerous approach to persons or objects. HEADSTONE - The stone or marker at the head of a grave. HEIGHT OF BUILDING/STRUCTURE - The vertical distance from the established grade elevation to the highest point of the coping of a flat roof, to the average height of the highest gable, pitch or hip roof, or to the top of the parapet, if the roof is provided with a parapet, whichever is higher or to the topmost elevation of the helipad structure, if the roof is provided with a helipad, whichever is higher. LOW-RISE - One-storey up to 5-storeys in height, i.e., from 3.00 meters up to a maximum of 15.00 meters above established grade; while not generally requiring an elevator if the building/structure is for purely residential use; fire escapes and other safety systems are mandatory for all low-rise buildings/structures. MEDIUM-RISE - From 6-storeys up to 15-storeys in height, i.e., from 18.00 meters up to a maximum of 45.00 meters above established grade; elevators, fire escapes, sprinkler systems and other safety systems are mandatory for all medium-rise buildings/structures. HIGH-RISE - 16-storeys or taller in height, i.e., from 48.00 meters above established grade; elevators, fire escapes, sprinkler systems, arresters, beacons and other safety systems, particularly if near airports, are mandatory for all high-rise buildings/structures. HELIPAD - An area of land or a structural surface or an area of water (for pontoon-fitted or ski-supplied helicopter models) which is used, or intended for use in the landing and takeoff of helicopters provided that no refueling, maintenance, repairs or storage of helicopters is permitted. HOIST - An apparatus for raising or lowering a load by the application of a force, but does not include a car or platform. It may be base-mounted, hook suspension, monorail, overhead, simple drum type or trolley suspension. HOISTWAY - An opening through a building/structure for the travel of elevators, dumbwaiters, or material lifts, extending from the pit floor to the roof of flow above. IMPERVIOUS SURFACE AREA (ISA) - The percentage (%) of the maximum allowable floor area of any paved, tiled or hardscaped surface at the ground floor/ grade level (located outside the main building/structure) in relation to the Total Lot Area (TLA). The Maximum Allowable ISA consists of built- up areas within the lot connected to the main building/structure but without opaque or solid roofing, e.g., patios, grade level terraces, driveways, walks, parking areas and the like. Since it is paved but unroofed, the ISA is considered an open space and may therefore be combined with the Unpaved Surface Area (USA), on portions of the lot to satisfy the total open space requirement for each type of use or occupancy. The word impervious in the term ISA denotes that the paved surfaces generally do not allow water percolation into the soil nor do they allow the soil to breathe and that such developments are generally composed of light-reflective and heat-reflective surfaces. IMPRINT - A plaque or sticker or lettering to be painted on either the top or the bottom of the poster or sign as a means of identifying the company to whom the structure belongs and the permit issued therefor. INCREMENTAL SETBACK - The horizontal distance between the outermost building/structure line of a lower floor and that of a higher floor, wherein the outermost building line of a higher floor is farther from the property line. INDIRECT COUPLE - The system of driver-driven connection where the rotation of the driver and driven rotate along axis not necessarily on the same straight line, rotation or speed. INNER EDGE - A line perpendicular to the prolongation of the runway centerline and at the end of a clearway or stopway when such is provided or at distance of 60.00 meters from the end of the runway. It is a short base of isosceles trapezoid formed by the approach/departure area, having length as follows: a. 100.00 meters or 105.00 meters, for aerodromes where no turbo-jet aircraft operates depending on the actual runway strip width; and b. 150.00 meters or 300.00 meters, for aerodromes where turbo-jet aircraft operates depending on the actual runway strip width. INNER HORIZONTAL SURFACE - A horizontal plane located 45.00 meters above the elevation of the nearest end of the runway starting from a distance of: a. 365.00 meters normal to the centerline of the runway up to 4,000.00 meters, for aerodromes where the runway strip width is 100.00 meters; b. 390.00 meters normal to the centerline of the runway up to 4,000.00 meters, for aerodromes where the runway strip width is 150.00 meters; and c. 465.00 meters normal to the centerline of the runway up to 4,000.00 meters, for aerodromes where the runway strip width is 300.00 meters. The periphery of this surface shall be defined by circular areas of 4,000.00 meters radius from the centerpoints of the ends of all existing and proposed runway strips joined by straight lines tangential to these circular arcs. INTERNAL INSPECTION - An inspection made when a boiler is shut down, with hand-holes, manholes, or other openings opened or removed to permit inspection LIQUID RECEIVER - A vessel permanently connected to a system by inlet and outlet pipes for storage of a liquid refrigerant. LOCOMOTIVE BOILER - A boiler mounted on a self-propelled track locomotive used to furnish motivating power for traveling on rails. LOT - (a) The physical setting for any building/structure whereby the level or intensity of development covering such property is regulated by DC stipulated under this Code, by other agencies of the national government concerned with physical development, by the local government unit (LGU) concerned and by the Deed of Restrictions (only if in force). (b) A unit area in a cemetery used either for ground interment or for the erection of a mausoleum or tomb. LOW PRESSURE HEATING BOILER - A boiler operated at pressures not exceeding 103.48 Kilopascal (kPa) with steam or water temperature not exceeding 121° C. MACHINE - The driven unit, appliance or equipment as distinguished from the driving unit, transmission equipments or prime mover. The machine shall consist of fixed and movable parts characteristic to the process or type of operation which it is intended to perform. MACHINE HOUSE - An enclosure for housing the hoisting mechanism and power plant. MACHINE PARTS - Any or all-moving parts of a machine. MARKER - A cross, stake, tablet, made of wood, stone, concrete, or marble to mark a grave. MAUSOLEUM - A large stately tomb to accommodate one or more interments, usually with provisions for an ossuary and/or a cinerarium. MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE CONSTRUCTION AREA (MACA) - The combined total of the Maximum Allowable Percentage of Site Occupancy (PSO) and the Maximum Allowable Impervious Surface Area (ISA) expressed as a percentage (%) of the total Lot area (TLA). The MACA specifically excludes the Unpaved Surface Area (USA). MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT OR MACHINERY - All prime-movers such as steam engines and turbines, internal combustion engines, gas engines and turbines; steam generators such as boilers; furnaces; heat exchanger such as cooling towers, kilns and dryers, coolers and heaters; materials handling equipment such as pumps, cranes, conveyors, hoists, elevators, escalators, mechanized dumb- waiters, moving ramps and walkways; heating, air-conditioning, ventilating and refrigeration equipment and machinery, including compressors, and centrifugal fans, mechanical pollution abatement and environmental control system; piping system with a working pressure of not less than 70 Kilopascal (kPa), fired and unfired pressure vessels , printing machine; mechanical working machines for metallic and non-metallic materials and other mechanical equipment and machinery whether installed on land, underground, or on board watercraft. MECHANICAL LIFT PARKING SPACE - A rigid steel structure for light vehicle parking under which another vehicle can be parked after loading the structure and raising it with a hydraulic or motor driven mechanical system. MECHANICAL PROCESSES, WORKS, PROJECTS OR PLANTS - shall include steam plants, geothermal plants, dendro-thermal plants, nuclear plants, ocean thermal energy conservation (OTEC) plants, internal combustion plants, hydraulic plants, pumping plants, compressed gas plants, all kinds of mills, shops, factories, shipyards, dry-docks, heating, air conditioning, ventilating and refrigeration plants containing any mechanical equipment, machinery or process, deriving power from steam, fossil fuels, wind, air, gas, water, solar radiation, nuclear energy, ocean waves and tides, or other energy sources. MEMORIAL - A monument, marker, tablet, headstone, tombstone, private mausoleum or tomb for family or individual use. MEMORIAL PARK - A cemetery with well kept landscaped lawns and wide roadways and footpaths separating the areas assigned for ground interments, tombs, mausoleums and columbaria, with or without a mortuary chapel; and provided with systematic supervision and maintenance and where park-like atmosphere is an outstanding quality. MONUMENT - A tombstone, or memorial of concrete, granite, marble or other durable stone extending above the surface of the ground, usually with decorative urns or symbolic statuary. MOVING RAMP/WALKWAY - A type of horizontal passenger-carrying device on which passengers stand or walk, with its surface remaining parallel to its direction of motion and is uninterrupted. NEW DEVELOPMENT - New physical development (consisting mainly of new construction and fit-out work) within a lot that is open for development, vacant, unutilized, development-committed or within other lots that are similarly situated, provided that such a lot and/or adjacent/contiguous lots which are similarly situated have a common continuous frontage along the main road right-of-way (RROW) of at least 200.00 meters. If the frontage or combined frontage along the main RROW of such lot or lots is less than 200.00 meters, the existing building lines of adjoining properties on the same side of the RROW may be followed. NICHE - Interment space for remains of dead persons. OBSTACLE LIMITATION SURFACES - Defined the height limits of natural or man-made objects around aerodromes so as to permit the intended aircraft operations at the aerodromes to be conducted safely and to prevent the aerodromes from becoming unusable by the growth of obstacle around the aerodromes. OSSUARY - The interment space for bones of the dead. OUTER HORIZONTAL SURFACE - A specified portion of a horizontal plane located above the environment of an aerodrome beyond limits of the conical surface. The outer limits are: a. 24 kilometers from runway centerline or runway end for aerodromes where turbo-jet aircraft operates; and b. 10 kilometers from runway centerline or runway end for aerodromes where no turbo-jet aircrafts operates. OUTERMOST FACES OF BUILDING (OFB) - The outermost and topmost vertical or angular planes of a proposed building/structure that shall govern the limits of its walls and roof. It is primarily determined by first vertically projecting the outermost lines of the Alllowable Maximum Building Footprint (AMBF) (wherein the height of vertical projection is governed by the Building Height Limit or BHL). To then set the roof height limit and configuration (as well as to determine the limits of incremental setbacks applicable to the height of the proposed building/structure), a diagonal line (or plane) at an allowed angle or slope must then be drawn from the center of the RROW. The intersection of the angular plane and the vertical prism based on the AMBF (the “footprint prism”) shall complete the applicable OFB for the lot. OUTERMOST LIMITS OF BUILDING PROJECTIONS (OLBP) - The outermost horizontal limit of projections, i.e., canopies, porte cocheres, balconies, eaves, roofs, decks, terraces and the like) from a proposed building/structure above the first floor. The horizontal projections must not exceed 60% of the prescribed setback for a given property line. The OLBP will result in another imaginary prism (the “projections prism”) within which the fully enclosed areas and courts of a proposed building/structure plus all of its projections shall fit. PARKING AREA - Parking slots together with their ancillary spaces (such as driveways connecting such parking slots, ramps, access systems, etc.) for the use of motor vehicles of all types (private and public). OFF-RROW (or OFF-STREET) PARKING - Parking slots and ancillary spaces that are all located outside the RROW/street. OFF-SITE PARKING - Parking slots and ancillary spaces that are all located outside the RROW/street and to be provided only within the property lines/limits of a separate site or lot on which a project is not located. Off-site parking may be below-grade (basement level), at grade (ground level) or above-grade (elevated/upper floor levels) of buildings/structures. ON-SITE PARKING - Parking slots and ancillary spaces that are all located outside the RROW/Street and to be provided only within the property lines/limits of a site or lot on which a building/ structure is to be constructed. On-site parking may be below-grade, at grade or above- grade. PARKING SLOT - Spaces to be used mainly for parking motor vehicles of all types (private and public). PARKING BUILDING/STRUCTURE - An off-RROW on-site multiple parking facility consisting of a multi- level building/structure that may have components located below-grade or above-grade. PASSENGER LOADING/UNLOADING SPACE - Loading/unloading and ancillary spaces for commuters that are located within the shoulder and that such spaces shall not occupy paved sidewalk/arcade areas intended solely for use by pedestrians or by the disabled in transit. PERCENTAGE OF SITE OCCUPANCY (PSO) - A quantity related to the Allowable Maximum Building Footprint (AMBF) and the Total Lot Area (TLA) via the equation “PSO equals AMBF divided by TLA”. The PSO is expressed as the percentage (%) of the maximum allowable enclosed floor area of any building/structure at the ground floor/ grade level in relation to the TLA. PODIUM - The fully enclosed component of the building/structure situated between the established grade and the first of a typical floor of the building/structure’s tower component. POINT OF OPERATION - That part of machine which performs an operation on the stock or material and/or that place or location where stock or material is fed to the machine. A machine may have more than one (1) point of operation. PORTABLE BOILER - An internally fired boiler which is self-contained, primarily intended for temporary location. POSTER - A fabricated flat surface upon which a message is either posted or painted. POWER TRANSMISSION MACHINERY - A shaft, wheel, drum, pulley system of fast and loose pulleys, coupling, clutch, driving belt, V-belt sheaves and belts, chains and sprockets, gearing, torque connectors, conveyors, hydraulic couplings, magnetic couplings, speed reducers or increasers or any device by which the motion of an engine is transmitted to or received by another machine. PRIME MOVER - An engine or motor operated by steam, gas, air, electricity, liquid or gaseous fuels, liquids in motion or other forms of energy whose main function is to drive or operate, either directly or indirectly, other mechanical equipment. PROCESS MACHINE - Equipment designed and operated for a specific purpose. PROJECTING SIGN - A sign fastened to, suspended from or supported on a building or structure the display surface of which is perpendicular from the wall surface or is at an angle therefrom. PROJECTION - Any structurally attached portion of a building/structure that is outside its outermost walls and which perform a utility or aesthetic function, e.g., roof/eaves, trellis, canopy (media agua), porte cochere, balcony, decks, deck/cantilevered terraces, sunbreaker, cantilevers, signage support, flag and lighting support, gondolas/window cleaning systems and the like; a building projection is situated between the imaginary footprint prism and projections prism. R – 1 - A low density residential use or occupancy, characterized mainly as a low-rise single-detached building/structure for exclusive use as a single (nuclear) family dwelling. This includes R-1 structures within exclusive subdivisions and relatively exclusive residential communities which are not subdivisions. R – 2 - A medium density residential use or occupancy, characterized mainly as a low-rise single- attached, duplex or multi-level building/structure for exclusive use as multiple family dwellings. This includes R-2 structures within semi-exclusive subdivisions and semi-exclusive residential communities which are not subdivisions. Basic R-2 - Single-attached or duplex building/ structure of from one (1) storey up to three (3) storeys in height and with each unit for separate use as single-family dwellings. Maximum R-2 - Low-rise multi-level building/ structure of from three (3) up to five (5) storeys in height and for use as multiple family dwellings. R – 3 - A high density residential use or occupancy, characterized mainly as a low-rise or medium-rise building/ structure for exclusive use as multiple family dwellings with mixed housing types. R-3 structure may include low-rise or medium-rise residential condominium buildings that are already commercial in nature and scale. Basic R-3 - Rowhouse building/structure of from one (1) storey up to three (3) storeys in height and with each unit for separate use as single-family dwellings; and Maximum R-3 - Medium-rise multi-level building/structure of from six (6) up to twelve (12) storeys in height and for use as multiple family dwellings. R – 4 - A medium to high density residential use or occupancy, characterized main-ly as a low-rise townhouse building/ structure for exclusive use as multiple family dwellings. The term R-4 specifically refers to the building/structure on an individual lot (a townhouse unit) and generally refers to the series or rows of R-4 buildings/structures within a subdivided lot or property (an R-4 development). R – 5 - A very high density residential use or occupancy, characterized mainly as a medium-rise or high-rise condominium building/structure for exclusive use as multiple family dwellings. REDEVELOPMENT - The physical development (consisting mainly of renovation, rehabilitation, retrofit, upgrading and the like as well as expansion and/or new construction work) within a lot or property that is under-utilized, unfit/unsafe for habitation/use or within other lots/properties that are similarly situated. REFRIGERANT - A substance which produces a refrigerating effect by its absorption of heat while expanding or evaporating. RESULTANT HEIGHT OF BUILDING/STRUCTURE - The vertical measurement of a proposed building/structure as determined by the Building Height Limit (BHL) and by the project proponent’s desired floor-to-floor height. ROAD RIGHT-OF-WAY (RROW) or ACCESS STREET or STREET - A kind of public open space for the continuous flow of pedestrian and vehicular traffic that must be free of all forms of prohibited physical obstructions. The RROW is the area lying between two (2) or more parallel properties and its width is horizontally measured from opposite property lines ROADWAY (or CARRIAGEWAY) - The portion or component of the RROW on which motor vehicles are allowed to pass and on which vehicles may also be allowed to park in case of on-RROW (on-street) or on-roadway parking. ROOF SIGN - A sign installed on roofs, roof decks, the horizontal least cross sectional area in case of supporting frame does not exceed 10.00 sq. meters for such framed structure resting entirely on the roof. RUNWAY - A defined rectangular area on land aerodrome prepared for the landing and take-off of craft along its length. RUNWAY STRIP - That rectangular area determined by a line originating at the end of the inner edge drawn parallel to the centerline of the runway having a total length of L + stopway length at both ends of the runway when such is provided or L + 120.00 meters, where L is the length of the runway in meters, and a width equal to the length of the inner edge. No new buildings/structures shall be allowed within the runway strip. This defined area is intended to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running of a runway and to protect aircraft flying over it during take-off or landing operations. SEPULCHRE - A burial place solidly built of stone or concrete. SETBACK - The horizontal distance measured 90º from the outermost face of the building/structure to the property lines. SIDEWALK - The portion, on each side of the road right-of-way (RROW) reserved for the exclusive use of pedestrians and the disabled who are in transit. SIGHT LINE - The line of view from any fixed or moving station point within a building/structure or from any other open space within or immediately outside the lot or from any point within a public open space such as the RROW to a built or natural structure, formation, vista and the like. SIGN - Any letter, word, numeral, pictorial presentation, illustration, decoration, emblem, device, symbol or trademark, flag, banner, or pennant, or any other figure of similar character that is attached to, painted on or in any manner represented on a building or structure; used to announce, direct attention to or advertise, and visible to the public. SIGN STAND - Any movable structure on which a sign is mounted or supported. SIGN STRUCTURE - Any means to support the installation of signs, and this includes the structural frame, anchorages and fasteners to support and suspend such sign. A building where a roof sign is installed entirely on its roof is not part of the sign structure. STOPWAY - A defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of a runway in the direction of take- off designated and prepared by an aerodrome owner or operator as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in case of interrupted take-off. STOREY - Portion of a building/structure included between the uppermost surface (or finish level) of any floor and the uppermost surface (or finish level) of the next floor above or below it. If the uppermost surface (or finish level) of a floor/level above the uppermost surface (or finish level) of a basement, cellar or unused under-floor space is more than 3.60 meters above established grade as defined herein at any point, such basement, cellar or unused under-floor space shall be considered a storey. STRUCTURE - That which is built or constructed, an edifice or building of any kind, or any piece of work artificially built up or composed of parts joined together in some definite manner. STRUCTURE OVER ARCADE - Any portion of a building above the first floor projecting over the sidewalk beyond the first storey wall and used as protection for pedestrian. TEMPORARY SIGN - A sign of cloth or other light and/or combustible material, with or without frame such as streamer, bills, posters and the like installed for a limited period of time. TERMINAL - Passenger and freight loading/unloading spaces and ancillary spaces (such as parking slots, waiting areas, driveways connecting such spaces, access systems, etc.) for use by public motor vehicles. OFF-STREET (or OFF-RROW) TERMINAL – A terminal located outside the road right-of-way (RROW)/street. ON-STREET (or ON-RROW) TERMINAL – A terminal that may still be located within the shoulder and that such spaces shall not occupy paved sidewalk/arcade areas intended solely for use by pedestrians or by the disabled in transit. TOMB - An above ground sepulchre without roof or canopy. TON OF REFRIGERATION - The useful refrigerating effect equal to 3.5 kilowatts (kW). TOTAL GROSS FLOOR AREA (TGFA) - The total floor space within the main and auxiliary buildings primarily consisting of the GFA and all other enclosed support areas together with all other usable horizontal areas/surfaces above and below established grade level that are all physically attached to the building/s which shall consists of the following: Covered areas used for parking and driveways, services and utilities. TOTAL OPEN SPACE WITHIN LOT (TOSL) - The total open space required for each type of use or occupancy for a given lot. It is the portion of the lot consisting of the ISA and the USA combined and expressed as a percentage (%) of the Total Lot Area (TLA). TOTAL LOT AREA (TLA) - The total surface area of a lot on which a proposed building/ structure is to be erected. If the proposed building or structure is erected on two or more lots, the TLA shall be equal to the surface area of such number of lots. The TLA is expressed in square meters and is equivalent to the combined total of the MACA. TOWER - The fully enclosed component of the building/structure situated between the podium component and the roof of the building/structure; the tower shall not be higher than five times the height of the podium. TRANSITIONAL SURFACE - A specified surface sloping upwards and outwards from the edge of the approach/departure area and from a line originating at the end of the inner edge, drawn parallel to the runway centerline, having a slope of 14.3% or 1:7. The outer limit of the transitional surface shall be determined by its intersection with the plane of the inner horizontal surface. TRAVELING CABLE - A cable made up of electric conductors which provides electrical connection between an elevator or dumbwaiter car and a fixed outlet in the hoistway. TYPICAL FLOOR - A regularly replicated floor plan or area, usually for the tower component of a proposed building/ structure. The typical floor must not be that of the ground floor and should be repeated or replicated throughout large portions of or throughout the entire building/structure. UNFIRED PRESSURE VESSEL - A vessel in which pressure is obtained from an external source or from an indirect application of heat. UNPAVED SURFACE AREA (USA) - The portion of the lot that shall remain unpaved and reserved for softscaping/planting. It is expressed as a percentage (%) of the Total Lot Area or TLA and may be combined with the ISA to satisfy the Total Open Space within Lot (TOSL), i.e., the total open space requirement for each type of use or occupancy. VENEER - A non-structural facing facing of brick, concrete, tile, metal, plastic, glass, or other similar approved materials attached to a backing or structural components of the building for the purpose of ornamentation, protection, or enclosure that may be adhered, integrated, or anchored either on the interior or exterior of the building/structure. VENTILATION - Process of supplying or removing air by natural or mechanical means to or from any space. VENT WELL - A permitted minimal opening along a specified vertical portion of the firewall that shall not be more than 3.00 meters in clear width and a minimum depth of 1.50 meters. VERTICAL PENETRATIONS - Shall mean stairs, fire escapes, elevator shafts, pipe shafts, vertical shafts, vertical ducts, and the like and their enclosing walls which enclose areas such as machine room and closets, storage rooms and closets, covered balconies and terraces, interior walls and columns and other interior features and the like. VIEW CORRIDOR - The visually unobstructed width, depth and height of all available sight lines running through and along road rights-of-way (RROW), easements and similar rights-of-way (ROW), open spaces within lots (including yards and courts) or through and along designated public spaces including recreational areas. View corridor may also refer to specific ranges of sight lines from a building or structure to a specific natural or man-built object and/or development considered of beauty or value. WALL SIGN - A sign painted on, attached or fastened to the surface of the wall or any part of a building or structure the display surface of which is parallel to the wall surface. VAULT - The interment receptacle for coffins, of reinforced concrete, covered and sealed, whether sunk into the ground or to rest on the ground. YARD - The vacant space left between the outermost face of the building/structure and the property lines, e.g., front, rear, right and left side yards. As a yard performs a vital environmental function because of its exposed soil and/or plant cover (surface water percolation, light/heat absorption, etc.), it shall preferably not be paved/hardscaped. A yard may be considered part of the Total Open Space within Lot (TOSL), provided that it abuts a permanent public open space without any separation between them which obstructs the free flow of light and ventilation.